Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013
Fabrication of Mn/Mn oxide core-shell electrodes with
three-dimensionally ordered macroporous structures for highcapacitance supercapacitors
Ming-Jay Denga*, Pei-Jung Hob, Cheng-Zhao Song b, Shin-An Chen a,c, Jyh-Fu Leea,
Jin-Ming Chen a*, Kueih-Tzu Lu a*
a
National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu, Taiwan
b
Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu,
Taiwan
c Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University,
Hsinchu, Taiwan
E-mail: deng.mj@nsrrc.org.tw or martinez730523@yahoo.com.tw ;
jmchen@nsrrc.org.tw; ktlu@nsrrc.org.tw
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013
Figure S1 SEM micrographs of the cross-sectional PS template on an Au/ITO
electrode.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure S2 (a) higher magnification TEM image of 3DOM Mn/Mn oxide–CV
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013
electrode; (b) energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) pattern of Area A; (c) EDS
pattern of Area B
Figure S3 The SEM micrographs of the prepared MnO2 electrodes after removing the
PS spheres.
Figure S4 XRD pattern of the 3DOM Mn and the 3DOM Mn/Mn oxide–CV films on
Au/ITO substrate, respectively. (● indicate the peaks originated from ITO substrate.)
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013
Figure S5 Mn K-edge XANES spectra of the 3DOM Mn and the 3DOM Mn/Mn
oxide–CV samples, respectively.
Figure S6 SEM image of 3DOM Mn/Mn oxide–CV electrode after 2000 cycles.
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013
Figure S7 Nyquist plots of three electrodes for supercapacitors.
Figure S8 Schematic illustration of the electrochemical cell used in-situ XANES
studies.
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013
The specific capacitance (Csp), energy density (E), and power density (P) were
calculated from the chronopotentiometric curves according to Eqs (1~3):1-3
Csp = I Δt /w ∆V
(1)
E = (C(Δ V )2)/2
(2)
P = E /Δt
(3)
where I is the charge/discharge current, Δt is the time for a full charge or discharge, w
is the mass of the active electrode material, and Δ V is the voltage change after a full
charge or discharge.
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