Progress In Science and Engineering Research Journal
ISSN 2347-6680 (E)
SIMULATION OF PWM CONTROLLED CYCLOCONVERTER
Abhay Kumar Dubey1, Ramjee Prasad Gupta2
M.Tech. Scholar, 2Assistant Professor, Electrical Engineering Department
BIT, Sindri, Dhanbad
1
Abstract: In this paper Simulink model of PWM
supply frequency is converted directly to a variable
controlled Cycloconverter with Thyristor and IGBT
frequency without going through any intermediate dc
switches has been analyzed. The dynamic performance of
power conversion stage. In order to improve the
Cycloconverter has been compared with Thyristor and
performance and reliability of CCV-fed drives, two
IGBT switches. In the Simulation, PWM control the output
voltage with change in input voltage of Cycloconverter. The
output frequency of Cyclocoverter has been taken as two
times the input frequency to the Cycloconverter. The output
current issues are being faced: network harmonic
interaction and commutation failures [16]–[18]. To
increase efficiency and quality of the grinding process,
voltage and frequency of Cycloconverter can be adjusted
it is usual to use power converters to control the energy
without a DC link.
delivered to the synchronous motor. Over the last few
years, the Cycloconverter has been the selected
Index Terms: Cycloconverter, PWM, Pulse generator,
Thyristor, IGBT, Simulation
performance [2], [3]. A commutation failure can
produce a short circuit at the machine terminals
I. INTRODUCTION
through the CCV, as described in [19]. The use of
The variable frequency has always been of great
importance in the industrial world. The generating
station generates electricity of the constant frequency
(50 Hz) which is not always applicable for some
electrical appliances. Some electrical devices need
variable frequency. Therefore the variable frequency
generation becomes necessary for meeting the ever
growing demand
alternative, mainly due to its high efficiency and global
of industrial application. The
Cycloconverter is such a device which generates
variable frequency. Cycloconverter is essential for
controlling a.c. motors at low speed drives especially in
high power application. Cycloconverter (CCV), which
is also known as direct converter [1], is basically ac to
ac power converters where the alternating voltage at
Cycloconverter also creates adverse effect on the input
of the Cycloconverter system. Harmonics are produce
in the input current, and the input power factor can be
low depending on the load. These affects are consistent
with rectifiers, though harmonics occur at different
interval in Cycloconverter than occur in rectifiers [4].
The harmonic currents cause torque pulsations, as well
as additional power losses in the motor [9]. Generation
of harmonic currents, which cause harmonic voltages
in the power supply network. Installation of filter
circuits is often necessary. This has enabled the use of
Cycloconverters (CCVs) for the development of high
power drive systems for control in low-speed range and
high torque applications, such as cement mills, ore
grinding mills, ship propulsion, and mine winders [11],
Corresponding Author : Mr. Abhay Kumar Dubey, PG. Scholar,
Electrical Engineering Department,
BIT, Sindri, Dhanbad
Email Id: abhaydubeyece@gmail.com
[12]. The mechanical limitations of girth gears have
motivated the use of wraparound synchronous motors
(SMs) for gearless motor drives (GMDs) fed by high-
© 2014 PISER Journal
http://.piserjournal.org/
PISER 13, Vol.02, Issue: 03/06 May- June; Bimonthly International Journal
Page(s) 085-091
Progress In Science and Engineering Research Journal
ISSN 2347-6680 (E)
power CCVs operating with variable speed [13], [14],
[15]. The CCV can also be found in hydropumped
storage [7] applications. Power factor correction can be
achieved by the proper design of the LC filters [10].
The
power
converters
used
constant-frequency (VSCF)
for
Variable-speed
Aircraft.
These new
system of VSCF contains a lot of harmonics due to the
existing of power converters. To meet the standards of
harmonic contents passive filters and active power
filters are used [5]. Analysis of induction motors
controlled with Cycloconverter has been investigated
extensively [6]. As mentioned before, the CCV is also
Fig.2. Setup Cycloconverter with IGBT Switches
used in ship propulsion [20]. Matrix converters also
belong to this category and the power rating of these
converters is only up to 150 kVA [8].
II. Simulation of Cycloconverter
In this dissertation work Cycloconverter has been
studied. The Cycloconverter model has been designed
using
Thyristor
and
IGBT
switches.
The
Cycloconverter is to increase the efficiency &
performance
dissertation
of
is
the
to
system.
analysis
The
and
objective
design
of
of
a
Fig.3. Input-Output Voltage waveform of Setup
Cycloconverter using Thyristor and IGBT switches.
Cycloconverter with Thyristor Switches
The step-up Cycloconverter model using Thyristor and
IGBT as switches has been shown in figure-1 and 2
respectively.
Fig.4. Input-Output Voltage waveform of Setup
Fig.1. Setup Cycloconverter with Thyristor
Switches
Cycloconverter with IGBT Switches
© 2014 PISER Journal
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PISER 13, Vol.02, Issue: 03/06 May- June; Bimonthly International Journal
Page(s) 085-091
Progress In Science and Engineering Research Journal
ISSN 2347-6680 (E)
As shown in fig.3 that the shape of output voltage
The PWM Generator model has been shown in figure-
waveform is not identical in all the cycle when
5. The PWM waveform, triangular carrier waveform
Thyristor is used as switches while in fig.4 that the
and reference modulating signal of pulse width
shape of output voltage waveform is identical in all the
modulator (PWM) has been shown in figure-6.
cycle when IGBT is used as switches. Hence it is clear
that IGBT working as better switch than Thyristor.
IGBT improves dynamic performance and efficiency
and reduced the level of audible noise. IGBT has low
driving power and a simple drive circuit due to the
input MOS gate structure. IGBT can be easily
controlled as compared to current controlled device
Thyristor in high voltage and high current applications.
IGBT have also the advantage for high speed, high
power
switching
for
building
Pulse
Generator
controlled Cycloconverter. The Insulated Gate Bipolar
Transistor (IGBT) is a minority-carrier device with
Fig.6. PWM Waveform, Triangular Carrier
Waveform and Reference Modeling Signal PWM
Generator
high input impedance and large bipolar current
carrying capability. It is equally suitable in resonant-
IV. Simulation of PWM Controlled
mode converter circuits. Optimized IGBT is available
Cycloconverter
for both low conduction loss and low switching loss.
The fundamental magnitude of the output voltage from
III. Modeling of PWM Generator
a Cycloconverter can be controlled to be constant by
exercising control within the Cycloconverter itself that
The pulses of pulse width modulator (PWM) are
is no external control circuitry is required. The most
generated by comparing a triangular carrier waveform
efficient method of doing this is by Pulse Width
to a reference modulating signal.
Modulation
(PWM)
control
used
within
the
Cycloconverter. In this scheme the Cycloconverter is
fed by a fixed input voltage and a controlled ac voltage
is obtained by adjusting the on and the off periods of
the Cycloconverter components. The PWM Controlled
Cycloconverter model has been shown in figure-7. The
output voltage and current waveform of PWM
controlled Cycloconverter when R-load and RL-load is
applied, has been shown in figure-8 and 9 respectively.
IGBT voltage in positive and negative inverter
switches with R-load and RL-load has been shown in
figure-10 and 11 respectively. IGBT current in positive
and negative inverter switches with R-load and RLFig.5. PWM Generator
© 2014 PISER Journal
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PISER 13, Vol.02, Issue: 03/06 May- June; Bimonthly International Journal
Page(s) 085-091
Progress In Science and Engineering Research Journal
ISSN 2347-6680 (E)
load has been shown in figure-12 and 13 respectively.
The pulses G1, G2, G3 and G4, applied to IGTB gate
has been shown in figure-14.
Fig.8. (a) Source Voltage (b) Output Voltage Wave
(c) Output Current waveform of Cycloconverter,
when RL- Load applied
Fig.7. PWM Controlled Cycloconverter
Fig.10. IGBT Voltage in N and P switches with RLoad
Fig.8. (a) Source Voltage (b) Output Voltage Wave
(c) Output Current waveform of Cycloconverter,
when R- Load applied
Fig.11. IGBT Voltage in N and P switches with RLLoad
© 2014 PISER Journal
http://.piserjournal.org/
PISER 13, Vol.02, Issue: 03/06 May- June; Bimonthly International Journal
Page(s) 085-091
Progress In Science and Engineering Research Journal
ISSN 2347-6680 (E)
V. CONCLUSION
In manufacturing and process industries, the variable
frequency is required for driving various electrical
machineries. The Cycloconverter or variable frequency
generator plays a significant role in driving those
electrical machineries. In the present paper mainly
focuses on the design and construction of the PWM
controlled Cycloconverter. The PWM controlled
Cycloconverter circuits
has been designed and
simulated and finally desired results has been obtained.
In this study, the proposed design of PWM controlled
Fig.12. IGBT Current waveform in N and P
switches with R- Load
Cycloconverter with both resistive and inductive loads,
has been described in detail and got optimum result for
input frequency of 50 Hz.
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PISER 13, Vol.02, Issue: 03/06 May- June; Bimonthly International Journal
Page(s) 085-091
Progress In Science and Engineering Research Journal
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Reference Figures
© 2014 PISER Journal
http://.piserjournal.org/
PISER 13, Vol.02, Issue: 03/06 May- June; Bimonthly International Journal
Page(s) 085-091
Progress In Science and Engineering Research Journal
ISSN 2347-6680 (E)
FIG.7. PWM CONTROLLED CYCLOCONVERTER
© 2014 PISER Journal
http://.piserjournal.org/
PISER 13, Vol.02, Issue: 03/06 May- June; Bimonthly International Journal
Page(s) 085-091