I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 11, 47-54
Published Online October 2013 in MECS (http://www.mecs-press.org/)
DOI: 10.5815/ijisa.2013.11.05
Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based
on GSM and RFID Technology
S.Valarmathy1, R.Ramani1
Associate Professor /ECE, V.M.K.V Engg College, Salem, TN, India
E-mail: valarmathysr@gmail.com; ramani_gpt@yahoo.co.in
Fahim Akhtar2
Student /ETCE, V.M.K.V Engg College, Salem, TN, India
E-mail: akhtar.fahim935@gmail.com
S.Selvaraju2, G.Ramachandran2
Associate Professor /ECE, V.M.K.V Engg College, Salem, TN, India
Abstract— Now a day ration card is very important for
every home and used for various field such as family
members details, to get gas connection, it act as address
proof for various purposes etc. All the people having a
ration card to buy the various materials (sugar, rice, oil,
kerosene, etc) from the ration shops. But in this system
having two draw backs, first one is weight of the
material may be inaccurate due to human mistakes and
secondly, if not buy the materials at the end of the
month, they will sale to others without any intimation
to the government and customers. In this paper,
proposed an Automatic Ration Materials Distribution
Based on GSM (Global System for Mobile) and RFID
(Radio Frequency Identification) technology instead of
ration cards. To get the materials in ration shops need
to show the RFID tag into the RFID reader, then
controller check the customer codes and details of
amounts in the card. After verification, these systems
show the amount details. Then customer need to enter
they required materials by using keyboard, after
receiving materials controller send the information to
government office and customer through GSM
technology. In this system provides the materials
automatically without help of humans.
Index Terms— Microcontroller, GSM, RFID, Motor,
Solenoid Control Circuits, Mechanical Part
I.
Introduction
The most of the people having a ration card to buy
the materials from the ration shops. When get the
material from the ratio shop, first need to submit the
ration card and they will put the sign in the ratio card
depends on the materials. Then they will issue the
materials through weighting system with help of human.
But in this system having two draw backs, first one is
weight of the material may be inaccurate due to human
Copyright © 2013 MECS
mistakes and secondly, if not buy the materials at the
end of the month, they will sale to others without any
intimation to the government and customers. In this
paper, we have proposed an Automatic Ration
Materials Distribution Based on GSM and RFID
Technology to avoid the drawbacks. Today we are
facing a number of transport related problems. RFID
technology effectively used to solve some of them.
RFID is act as ratio card and other purpose such as RC
book, insurance details, service details etc. GSM
used to communicate the information between the two
people or more than two persons to update the
information depends on the requirements.
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) based accesscontrol system allows only authorized or responsible
persons to get the materials from ration shops. An
RFID system consists of an antenna or coil, a
transceiver (with decoder) and a transponder (RF tag)
electronically programmed with unique information.
There are many types of RFID systems available in the
market. RFID classified based on their frequency
ranges. Some of the most commonly used RFID kits are
low-frequency (30-500 kHz), mid-frequency (900 kHz1500MHz) and high-frequency (2.4-2.5GHz)[1]. The
passive tags are lighter and less expensive than active
tags [2].
Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a
globally accepted standard for digital cellular
communication. GSM is a common European mobile
telephone standard for a mobile cellular radio system
operating at 900 MHz. In the current work, SIM300
GSM module is used. The SIM300 module is a Triband
GSM/GPRS solution in a compact plug in module
featuring an industry-standard interface. It delivers
voice, data and fax in a small form factor with low
power consumption [3, 4].
In this paper, we have designed and implemented an
Automatic Ration Materials Distribution Based on
I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 11, 47-54
48
Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and RFID Technology
GSM and RFID Technology. In this system, only
authentic person can be recovered ration materials from
ration shops based on the amount available in the RFID.
The survey of related works provided in section II. The
proposed, developed method and circuit diagrams
provided in the section III. The Result, discussion and
conclusion in section IV & V respectively.
II. Related Works
Today mobile phone is one of the most important
devices for every one that is used in communication
purpose and used in embedded system to control the
devices. In [5], the RFID based Bill Generation and
Payment through Mobile system is implemented. In this
paper, the bill generating in super market using RFID
technology and payment through mobile phone. Mobile
payments will become one of the most important
mobile services. The most essential consideration is the
security of the mobile devices and the applications
along with the complexity of imbursement process.
Advantages of this system, i) Increased consumer
confidence, leading to increased sales. ii) Benefit for
both consumers and merchants.
The RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) emerges
as one of the converging technologies and
transportation plays a vital role in urbanization. RFID
plays major role in auto ID applications like RFID
contact less smart cards used by bus riders, in Super
market, Textiles and logistics chain management. In [6],
the RFID Based Embedded System for Vehicle
Tracking and Prevention of Road Accidents system is
designed and implemented. This system is may be to
reduce the road accident in Indian roads.
In [7], the RFID Based Exam Hall Maintenance
System presents an efficient method of examination
hall management. This system is possible for a student
to identify the particular exam hall from any other hall,
when they swipe RFID card in a card reader located
there. This helps them to identify the floor or get
directions to their respective halls immediately. The
card reader is provided at the entrance of the building,
if the students enters wrongly a buzzer alarm sets off,
otherwise the room number is displayed on the LCD,
connected to controller. RFID technology is emergent
technology that can be used in wide range of
applications.
In today’s, power saving are very important and
difficult. Even though there are many power generation
methods available, but it has become very difficult to
generate the power due to insufficient resources. Power
saving is necessary for our society, [8] this paper
discussed about the power saved in the streetlights. The
key objective is to control the streetlights using Dual
Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF). If any over load occurs,
the connection disconnected and the information
transferred to EB through Global System for Mobile
communication (GSM). If it is any complaint by the
consumers, they can send the information to EB
through Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Reader,
which is fixed in one of the street light posts and the tag
provided to the all consumers. The messages send to
EB server through GSM. Advantage of this system,
power consumption is very less, power failure period
reduced.
Power supply
Keyboard
GSM
MCU
Serial interface
16F877
LCD
Display
Solenoid valve 1
for kerosene
Solenoid valve
control circuit
RFID Reader
Motor driver circuit
RFID Tag
Alarm
Solenoid valve 2
for palm oil
Motor for sugar
or rice
MODEM
Fig. 1: Block diagram of ration materials distributions system
Copyright © 2013 MECS
I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 11, 47-54
Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and RFID Technology
3.2 Power Supply Circuit Diagram
III. Proposed methods
The power supply most important for electronic
circuits, which is provide the required power to
microcontroller and other electronics devices. The
power supply circuit diagram is shown in the Fig. 2.
3.1 Block Diagram
The block diagram of an Automatic Ration Materials
Distribution Based on GSM and RFID Technology is
shown in the Fig. 1. This system consists of various
parts such as RFID, GSM, microcontroller, motor
driver, solenoid control circuits and keyboard.
J1
U1
LM7805
12V
1
2
3
49
1
OUT
5V
3
1
IN
4 -
+ 3
C1
1000uf
C2
C3
10uF/63V0.1uF
LED
2
12V SUPPLY
D2
GND
D1
C4
10uF/63V
C5
0.1uF
R1
1K
2
BRIDGE
Fig. 2: Power supply
systems. The size and cost of the microcontroller are
less. The microcontroller circuit diagram is shown in
the Fig. 3. The 12 MHz crystal oscillator is used to
provide the required clock signals to the
microcontroller.
3.3 Microcontroller Circuit
Microcontroller is the heart of the ration materials
distribution system. There are used various application
such as automatically controlled products, automobile
engine control systems, to control medical devices,
remote controls, printer, scanner, office machines,
appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded
J5
5V
R2
4.7K
5V
R3
5V
U2
PIC16F877A
J3
4.7K
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
5V
SW1
C6
10uF/63V
MCLR
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4
RA5
RE0
RE1
RE2
CON9
C8
CAP NP
Y1
RC0
RC1
RC2
RC3
RD0
RD1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
MCLR
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4
RA5
RE0
RE1
RE2
VDD
VSS
OSC1
OSC2
RC0
RC1
RC2
RC3
RD0
RD1
J2
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
VDD
VSS
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RC7
RC6
RC5
RC4
RD3
RD2
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
RC0
RC1
RC2
RC3
RD0
RD1
RD3
RD2
CON9
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
5V CON9
5V
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RC7
RC6
RC5
RC4
RD3
RD2
9
C7
8
CAP NP
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
J4 CON9
5V
CAP NP C9 CAP NP
C10
Fig. 3: Microcontroller circuit
Copyright © 2013 MECS
I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 11, 47-54
50
Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and RFID Technology
3.4 GSM and RFID Circuit
RFID stands for Radio-Frequency Identifications.
The RFID is small electronic device that consist of a
small chip and an antenna. The chip typically is capable
of carrying 2,000 bytes of data or less. A significant
advantage of RFID devices above the others devices,
RFID device does not require to positioned precisely
relative to the scanner. The RFID devices will work
within a few feet (up to 20 feet for high-frequency
devices) of the scanner. The RFID tag used to read
information about the customer through RFID Reader.
The GSM used to send the SMS to the customer as well
as government authorized person for the verification.
The circuit diagram of RFID and GSM is shown in the
Fig. 4.
screen is more energy efficient than a CRT. The power
consumption is very low while compare with other
devices. The LCD circuit diagram is shown in the Fig.
5.
J11
5V
RD1
RD2
RB0
RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4
RB5
RB6
5V
RB7
120E
R14
5V
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
CON16
Fig. 5: LCD display circuit
16
C11
CAP NP
U3
5
C-
3
3.6 Motor with Driver Circuit
C13
10uf /35v
C2+
V-
6
C2-
R1OUT
R2OUT
T2OUT
T1OUT
T2IN
T1IN
5V
10uf /35v
12
9
10
11
15
7
14
R1IN
R2IN
GND
13
8
1
6
2
7
3
8
4
9
5
1 JP3 2
JUMPER
C15
MAX232
P1
The motor driver circuit is used to provide proper
matching between motor and circuits.
RX
1 JP4 2
JUMPER
C20
0.1uf
TX
RC6
RC7
GSM Interf ace
P1
STEP1
STEP2
STEP3
STEP4
DC1
DC2
U11
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7
8
1
6
2
7
3
8
4
9
5
9
C14
10uf /35v
V+
1
VCC
4
C+
GND
2
VCC
10uf /35v
C12
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
12V
1
2
3
4
5
J8
CON5
1
2
J9
CON2
ULN2003
Fig. 6: Motor driver circuit
RFID Interf ace
Fig. 4: GSM and RFID circuit
3.5 LCD Display
A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel
display, electronic visual display, or video display that
uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals.
Liquid crystals do not emit light directly.
The LCD is used in a wide range of applications
including computer
monitors, televisions,
instrument, aircraft cockpit displays, and signage. The
most common in consumer devices such as video
players, gaming devices, clocks, watches, calculators,
and telephones, and have replaced cathode ray
tube (CRT) displays in most applications. The LCD
Copyright © 2013 MECS
3.7 Relay with Solenoid Valve
A solenoid value is an electromechanically operated
valve. The valve is controlled by an electric
current through a solenoid, in the two-port valve the
flow is switched on or off, in the three-port valve, the
outflow is switched between the two outlet ports.
Multiple solenoid valves can be placed together on
a manifold. Solenoid valves are the most frequently
used control elements in fluidics. Their tasks are to shut
off, release, dose, distribute or mix fluids. They are
found in many application areas. Solenoids offer fast
and safe switching, high reliability, long service life,
good medium compatibility of the materials used, low
control power and compact design. The circuit diagram
of the solenoid valve is shown in the Fig. 7.
I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 11, 47-54
Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and RFID Technology
12V
K1
2
4
R20
R
1
D14
IN 4001
D15
3
5
J7
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
LED
R21
Q3
REL1N
2
Q4
BC547
Table 1: Comparative study of existing and proposed locker system
2
3
ration item. As the dispensing process is going on
simultaneously in the controller will send a command
to GSM Modem, to send the text SMS to the user about
the ration item, he or she purchased. Before starting the
process the amount of the item to be dispensed has to
be calibrated separately then the only controller will
dispense the correct quantity of ration item selected.
SOLENIID CON
1
1K
3
BC547
12V
K2
S. No
Existing system
Proposed system
1
Ration sheets used
RFID tag act as ration card
2
Ration materials
distributed with
the help of humans
Ration materials distributed
automatically without
the help of humans
3
Inaccurate
Accurate
2
4
R22
R
51
1
D16
IN 4001
D17
3
5
1
LED
R23
REL2N
Q5
3
BC547
Q6
1
2
1K
Output Results
2
3
BC547
Fig .7: Relay circuit
IV. Result and discussion
The Automatic Ration Materials Distribution Based
on GSM and RFID Technology used to distribute or
vend the liquid or solid material, which is used for
Ration materials distribution in ration shops. Initially
everyone will be provided an RFID or smart Card,
instead of a ration card. If the customer needs to get any
ration material, the user has to show the ration RFID
tag card to the RFID reader Kit, the reader that is
incorporated with the project kit will recognize the
RFID numbers show by the user. Each user will have a
unique number, which is not visible to the user.
Fig. 8: Ration materials distribution kit
This recognized RFID number will be given to a
microcontroller, which compared the input number
with the database. Before starting the system, the
unique RFID number of the ration user will be
programmed in the controller, such as User name &
address details, date of expire of ration card, etc., so
that the controller will recognize the data coming from
RFID by comparing with the database.
Once the user is identified, the microcontroller will
check whether the user has already bought the ration
item belongs to that month. If not then, ration items to
be dispensed will be displayed on the LCD screen, the
user has to feed the comments that which ration item he
is going to buy. If the user, select the ration item for
purchasing purposes then the controller will calculate
the amount of his or her buy and check with the amount
available in the RFID card. If he or she has sufficient
amount to buy then the micro controller will start the
solenoid and motor mechanism to dispense the selected
Copyright © 2013 MECS
Fig. 9: Overall ration distribution system with mechanical parts
I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 11, 47-54
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Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and RFID Technology
Fig. 10: Show your ID card
Fig. 13: 500 Grams selection
Fig .11: Items selection from system
Fig. 14: 250 Grams selection
Fig. 12: Items selection
Fig. 15: Materials drawn from system
Copyright © 2013 MECS
I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 11, 47-54
Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and RFID Technology
53
drawbacks rectified by this method. In this system,
ration Materials (sugar, rice, oil, kerosene, etc)
distributed through automatic mechanism without any
help of humans.
After receiving the materials,
controller sends the information to government office
and customer through GSM technology. This system is
very accurate, simple and low power consumption,
which is used for the real time applications.
Acknowledgment
The authors would like to thank the anonymous
reviewers for their careful reading of this paper and for
their helpful comments to improve the paper.
References
[1] Parvathy A, Venkata Rohit Raj, Venumadhav,
Manikanta, “RFID Based Exam Hall Maintenance
System’’, IJCA Special Issue on “Artificial
Intelligence Techniques - Novel Approaches &
Practical Applications” AIT, 2011
[2] Gyanendra K Verma, Pawan Tripathi, “A Digital
Security System with Door Lock System Using
RFID Technology”, International Journal of
Computer Applications (IJCA) (0975 – 8887),
Volume 5– No.11, August 2010
Fig. 16: Quantity verified through weight meter
[3] Kumar Chaturvedula .U.P, “RFID Based
Embedded System for Vehicle Tracking and
Prevention of Road Accidents”, International
Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT) , Vol. 1 Issue 6, August – 2012, ISSN:
2278-0181.
[4] R.Ramani ,S. Selvaraju, S.Valarmathy, P.Niranjan,
“Bank Locker security System Based on RFID and
GSM
Technology”, International Journal of
Computer Applications (IJCA) (0975 – 8887)
Volume 57– No.18, November 2012
Fig. 17: Customer and Government office received Message from
microcontroller after materials drawn from system
V.
Conclusion
In this paper, we have implemented and tested an
Automatic Ration Materials Distribution Based on
GSM and RFID technology instead of ration cards. But
in the existing system having two draw backs, first one
is weight of the material may be inaccurate due to
human mistakes and secondly, if not buy the materials
at end of the month, they will sale to others without any
intimation to the government and customers. The above
Copyright © 2013 MECS
[5] Swati R.Zope, Prof. Maruti Limkar, “RFID based
Bill Generation and Payment through Mobile”,
International Journal of Computer Science and
Network (IJCSN) Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2012
www.ijcsn.org ISSN 2277-5420
[6] Kumar Chaturvedula .U.P, “RFID Based
Embedded System for Vehicle Tracking and
Prevention of Road Accidents”, International
Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT) Vol. 1 Issue 6, August - 2012 ISSN:
2278-0181
[7] Parvathy A, Venkata Rohit Raj Gudivada,
Venumadhav Reddy M, Manikanta Chaitanya.G,
“RFID based exam hall maintenance system”,
IJCA Special Issue on “Artificial Intelligence
Techniques - Novel Approaches & Practical
Applications” AIT, 2011
I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 11, 47-54
54
Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and RFID Technology
[8] Rubananth, T.Kavitha, “GSM based RFID
approach to Automatic Street Lighting system”,
journal of theoretical and applied information
technology 30th april 2012. Vol. 38 no.2, ISSN:
1992-8645.
Authors’ Profiles
S.Valarmathy is working as
Associate
Professor
in
the
department of electronics and
communication
engineering,
V.M.K.V. Engineering College,
Salem. She has received M.Sc., in
Applied Electronics from Cheran
arts and science, Bharthiyar
University, Coimbatore in 2002 and M.E in Advanced
Communication Systems from V.M.K.V. Engineering
College, Vinayaka Missions University, Salem 2006.
She has 6 international journals published. Her area of
research interests includes image processing and
embedded system.
interests include embedded systems and networks
communication
G.Ramachandran is working as
Assistant
Professor
in
the
Department of Electronics and
Communication
Engineering,
V.M.K.V. Engineering College,
Salem. He has received M.Sc
degree in Applied Electronics from
PSG Arts and Science College, Coimbatore and
M.Tech in VLSI Design from SRM University,
Chennai 2009. His area of research interests include
embedded systems and networks communication.
R.Ramani is working as Assistant
Professor in the Department of
Electronics and Communication
Engineering, V.M.K.V. Engineering College, Salem. He has received
B,E degree in Electronics and
Communication Engineering from
GCE, Salem, Anna University,
Chennai in 2006 and M.E in Communication Systems
from Sona college of technology, Salem, Anna
University, Chennai in 2008. He has 6 international
journals published. His area of research interests
includes image processing and embedded systems.
Fahim Akhtar was studied in the
department of ETCE at. V.M.K.V.
Engineering
College,
Vinayaka
Missions University, salem, India.
His area of research interest in VLSI,
Embedded systems and PCB
designing
S.Selvaraju is working as Associate
Professor in the department of
Electronics and Communication
engineering, V.M.K.V. Engineering
College, Salem. He has received B.E,
in electronics and communication
engineering from Kongu Engineering
College, affiliated to Bharthiyar University,
Coimbatore in 1989 and M.E in Applied Electronics
from V.M.K.V.Engineering College, affiliated to Anna
University, and Salem 2005. His area of research
Copyright © 2013 MECS
I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 11, 47-54