AP Physics B Instructor: Mr. Nguyen Expectations: [failure to adhere to expectations will lead to detentions] • Be in your seat before the second bell rings. You are LATE if you are not IN YOUR SEAT by this time. Begin working on the warm-­‐up assignment, if there is one, by the time the bell has rung. • Come prepared EVERYDAY for class, including but not limited to pen, pencil, notebook, paper, textbook, homework. • Adhere to the dress code as outlined in the Student-­‐Parent Handbook. • Finish your food and drink outside of class. Use the restroom BEFORE coming to class. • RESPECT and SUPPORT everyone, including yourself (as described in the Expected Schoolwide Learning Results): keeping hands and feet to yourself, being positive towards one another, be considerate towards one another, exerting full effort into everything you do, keeping your school clean. • ASK FOR HELP IF YOU NEED IT! “The only stupid question is the one that is not asked.” I can be found in class for tutoring any day before school by appointment or after school from 2:20 – 3:00 p.m (Mon-­‐Thurs). Course Overview: AP Physics B is a yearlong, non calculus-­‐based survey course that includes topics in Newtonian Mechanics, Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Physics, Electricity and Magnetism, Waves and Optics, and Atomic and Nuclear Physics. Students will meet three times a week for 50 minutes and once a week for 100 minutes. The 100-­‐minute course will allow for laboratory experiments to be conducted when appropriate. This section of the course is designed to develop the investigative skills of the students, as well as promote problem solving and independent creative thinking. Textbook: Physics: Principles with Applications Sixth Edition by Douglas C. Giancoli Pearson Education, 2009 Supplemental Resource: Physics: A Laboratory Manual Eighth Edition by Om Puri, Patricia Zober, and G.Patrick Zober Pearson Custom Publishing, 2001 Classes: Classes where laboratory experiments are not conducted can include problem review, lecture (with demonstrations where applicable), real-­‐life applications, and assessments (tests or quizzes). The remaining time is used by students to start their new assignment, which usually involves the application of critical thinking skills in order to solve problems associated with the lecture/demonstration. Students are allowed to pair up and help each other. The instructor will circulate the class and assist the students. Grading Policy: • Assignments – 15% Assignments – both in class and at home – will be used to review the content matter discussed in class. These assignments will be given from the textbook, AP Released Exams, and ConcepTest Questions provided by the text. ConcepTest questions are used at the end of each lesson. These assignments will pose questions to the students as a class, provides them with time to think about the prompt and answer it individually, share and defend their answer with a classmate, and determine whether or not their stance was correct. All assignments are to be done in complete sentences with all work shown (where applicable). Assignments need to have first and last name, period, and date, as well as be stapled if multiple pages were used. Illegible assignments will not be given credit. The instructor reserves the exclusive right to determine the point values of each assignment.  Assignments are to be completed on time. They are to be turned in at the beginning of the period, or the designated time. Any work that is to be typed is to come in using Times New Roman, size 12 font with one inch margins (with the heading being single spaced). Failure to adhere to these guidelines will constitute a deduction of points.  If you’re absent, you have 1 week from the day you return to school to make up any work, quizzes, or tests for full credit. After the one week, you will not receive credit for the work.  IT IS THE STUDENT’S RESPONSIBILITY TO MAKE ARRANGEMENTS TO RECEIVE MAKE UP ASSIGNMENTS.  Aside from excused absences, late assignments will not be accepted.  Missing work due to unexcused absences may not be made up (as is stated in the Student-­‐
Parent Handbook).  Lab experiments will be announced in advanced. Proper preparation, including a basic write up (if asked), will be needed in order to participate in the experiment. ALL LAB QUESTIONS ARE TO BE TYPED.  MISSED LAB EXPERIMENTS WILL BE GIVEN A SPECIFIC DATE TO MAKE-­‐UP. FAILURE TO SHOW UP ON SAID MAKE-­‐UP DATE WILL CONSTITUTE 0 FOR THAT LAB  NO EXTRA CREDIT WILL BE GIVEN. • Labs – 20% Lab experiments will consist of both guided and open-­‐ended experiment. Guided experiments will provide students with a pre-­‐developed procedure where students will be responsible for gathering and analyzing data. Open-­‐ended experiments will provide students with an objective and a list of equipment. Students will be responsible for designing their own procedure, data gathering, and data analysis. The allotted class time will be used to conduct the experiment and record pertinent data in groups of two or three (experiments will be typically conducted on 100 minute block days). The experiment can occur in the form of a hands-­‐on laboratory experiment or a virtual laboratory experiment (simulations will use http://phet.colorado.edu). Data analysis will need to be completed at home, along with a detailed report. Typed reports will be submitted for evaluation and should include a statement of the problem, an hypothesis, a discussion or outline of the procedure carried out, the data recorded, a discussion of how the data was analyzed, a conclusion including error analysis and topics for further study. When returned, the students are to keep all their lab reports together in a notebook/binder in case the college of their choice requires evidence, artifacts or documentation prior to awarding college credit for physics. • Quizzes – 25% Quizzes may contain questions and/or problems from the homework, the reading assignments, and/or recently covered or previously learned material. • Tests – 20% Tests will be conducted after each unit of material. Each test consists of: 1. Multiple-­‐choice questions 2. Free-­‐response problems 3. Lab-­‐based questions: may include questions on labs done in class or questions on a lab that was not performed in class • Final – 20% A cumulative exam will be given at the end of each semester. Grading: Points are assigned for all work: homework, class work, labs, projects, tests, and quizzes. Your letter grade for each assignment is determined by the percentage of points earned (compared to the total points) according to the grading scale: 95% -­‐ 100% A 73% -­‐ 76% C 90% -­‐ 94% A-­‐ 70% -­‐ 72% C-­‐ 87% -­‐ 89% B+ 67% -­‐ 69% D+ 83% -­‐ 86% B 63% -­‐ 66% D 80% -­‐ 82% B-­‐ 60% -­‐ 62% D-­‐ 77% -­‐ 79% C+ 00% -­‐ 59% F Note:  The instructor retains the right to make changes, additions, and deletions to the course policies during the course of the year. In the event changes are made, students and parents will be notified.  The instructor reserves the right to use turnitin.com for any written assignments.  All disciplinary policies found in the Student-­‐Parent Handbook of Mary Star of the Sea High School will be strictly enforced, which includes but it not limited to policies regarding tardiness and cheating.  For further clarification of discipline and attendance policies, please refer to the Student-­‐Parent Handbook of Mary Star of the Sea High School. Course Syllabus: I.
Newtonian Mechanics (10 weeks) A. Unit 1: Kinematics i. Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension (CH2) 1. Reference Frames and Displacement 2. Average Velocity 3. Instantaneous Velocity 4. Acceleration 5. Motion at Constant Acceleration 6. Falling Objects 7. Graphical Analysis of Linear Motion ii. Kinematics in Two Dimensions; Vectors (CH3) 1. Vectors and Scalars 2. Addition of Vectors – Graphical Methods 3. Subtraction of Vectors, and Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar 4. Adding Vector by Components 5. Projectile Motion 6. Solving Problems Involving Projectile Motion 7. Projectile Motion is Parabolic 8. Relative Velocity iii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT 1. Physics 500 & Incline Planes: to study velocity and uniformly accelerated motion 2. Catapult: to investigate the independence of horizontal and vertical components of motion; to adjust the angle a projectile is launched in order to predict the landing point of that projectile B. Unit 2: Newton’s Laws of Motion i. Dynamics: Newton’s Laws of Motion (CH4) 1. Force 2. Newton’s First Law of Motion 3. Mass 4. Newton’s Second Law of Motion 5. Newton’s Third Law of Motion 6. Weight – The Force of Gravity; and the Normal Force 7. Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws: Free Body Diagrams 8. Applications Involving Friction, Inclines ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT 1. Force and Mass: to investigate the relationship of mass and force on an accelerating system 2. Impact Speed: to estimate the speed of a falling object as it strike the ground C. Unit 3: Work, Energy, Power i. Work and Energy (CH6) 1. Work Done by a Constant Force 2. Work Done by a Varying Force 3.
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Kinetic Energy, and the Work-­‐Energy Principle Potential Energy Conservative and Nonconservative Forces Mechanical Energy and Its Conservation Problem Solving Using Conservation of Mechanical Energy Other Forms of Energy; Energy Transformations and the Law of Conservation of Energy 9. Energy Conservation with Dissipative Forces: Solving Problems 10. Power ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT On a Roll: to investigate the relationship between the stopping distance and height from which a ball rolls down an incline D. Unit 4: Systems of Particles, Linear Momentum i. Linear Momentum (CH7) 1. Momentum and Its Relation to Force 2. Collisions and Impulse 3. Conservation of Energy and Momentum in Collision 4. Elastic Collisions in One Dimension 5. Inelastic Collisions 6. Collisions in Two or Three Dimensions ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Tailgated by a Dart: to estimate the speed of an object by applying conservation of momentum to an inelastic collision E. Unit 5: Circular Motion and Rotation i. Circular Motion; Gravitation (CH5) 1. Kinematics of Uniform Circular Motion 2. Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion 3. Highway Curves, Banked and Unbanked 4. Nonuniform Circular Motion ii. Rotational Motion (CH8) 1. Angular Quantities 2. Constant Angular Acceleration 3. Rolling Motion (without Slipping) 4. Torque 5. Rotational Dynamics; Torque and Rotational Inertia 6. Rotational Kinetic Energy 7. Angular Momentum and Its Conservation 8. Vector Nature of Angular Quantities iii. Static Equilibrium; Elasticity and Fracture (CH9) 1. The Conditions for Equilibrium 2. Solving Statics Problems iv. Vibrations and Waves (CH11) 1. Simple Harmonic Motion 2. Energy in the Simple Harmonic Oscillator II.
3. The Period and Sinusoidal Nature of SHM v. LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS Hooke’s Law: to investigate the affect of mass on the displacement of a spring F. Unit 6: Oscillations and Gravitation i. Vibrations and Waves (CH11) 1. Simple Harmonic Motion 2. Energy in the Simple Harmonic Oscillator 3. The Period and Sinusoidal Nature of SHM 4. The Simple Pendulum 5. Damped Harmonic Motion 6. Forced Vibrations; Resonance ii. Circular Motion; Gravitation (CH5) 1. Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation 2. Gravity Near the Earth’s Surface; Geophysical Applications 3. Satellites and “Weightlessness” 4. Kepler’s Laws and Newton’s Synthesis iii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS Pendulum Lab: to investigate the relationship between length and amplitude on the period of a pendulum Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Physics (4 weeks) A. Unit 7: Fluid Mechanics i. Fluids (CH10) 1. Phases of Matter 2. Density and Specific Gravity 3. Presure in Fluids 4. Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure 5. Pascal’s Principle 6. Measurement of Pressure; Gauges and the Barometer 7. Buoyancy and Archimedes’ Principle 8. Fluids in Motion; Flow Rate and the Equation of Continuity 9. Bernoulli’s Equation ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Sink or Swim: to introduce Archimedes’ principle and the principle of flotation B. Unit 8: Temperature and Heat i. Heat (CH14) 1. Heat as Energy Transfer 2. Internal Energy 3. Specific Heat 4. Calorimetry – Solving Problems 5. Latent Heat 6. Heat Transfer: Conduction 7. Heat Transfer: Convection 8. Heat Transfer: Radiation ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT III.
Heat Mixes: to predict the final temperature of objects at different temperatures, which get mixed C. Unit 9: Kinetic Theory and Thermodynamics i. Temperature and Kinetic Theory (CH13) 1. Atomic Theory of Matter 2. Temperature and Thermometers 3. Thermal Equilibrium and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 4. Thermal Expansion 5. The Gas Laws and Absolute Temperature 6. The Ideal Gas Law 7. Ideal Gas Law in Terms of Molecules: Avogadro’s Number 8. Kinetic Theory and the Molecular Interpretation of Temperature ii. The Laws of Thermodynamics (CH15) 1. The First Law of Thermodynamics 2. Thermodynamic Processes and the First Law 3. The Second Law of Thermodynamics – Introduction 4. Heat Engines 5. Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics 6. Order to Disorder 7. Unavailability of Energy; Heat Death iii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Boyle’s Law: to investigate the relationship between pressure and volume in terms of gases Electricity and Magnetism (8 weeks) A. Unit 10: Electrostatics i. Electric Charge and Electric Field (CH16) 1. Static Electricity: Electric Charge and Its Conservation 2. Electric Charge in the Atom 3. Insulators and Conductors 4. Induced Charge; the Electroscope 5. Coulomb’s Law 6. The Electric Field 7. Field Lines 8. Electric Fields and Conductors ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Electric Fields: to explain some basic properties of electric fields created by positive and negative charges, as well as the basic effects on charges in electric fields B. Unit 11: Conductors, Capacitors, Dielectrics i. Electric Potential (CH17) 1. Electric Potential Energy and Potential Difference 2. Relation Between Electric Potential and Electric Field 3. Equipotential Lines 4. The Electron Volt, a Unit of Energy 5. Electric Potential Due to Point Charges 6. Potential Due to Electric Dipole; Dipole Moment 7. Capacitance ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Capacitor Experiment: to improve familiarity with capacitors and describe what happens when the physical characteristics of a parallel plate capacitor are changed C. Unit 12: Electric Circuits i. Electric Currents (CH18) 1. The Electric Battery 2. Electric Current 3. Ohm’s Law: Resistance and Resistors 4. Resistivity 5. Electric Power 6. Power in Household Circuits 7. Alternating Current ii. DC Circuits (CH19) 1. EMF and Terminal Voltage 2. Resistors in Series and in Parallel 3. Kirchhoff’s Rules 4. EMF’s in Series and in Parallel 5. Circuits Containing Capacitors in Series and in Parallel 6. Circuits – Resistor and Capacitor in Series iii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT 1. Ohm’s Law: to investigate the relationship between resistance, current, and voltage 2. Series & Parallel Circuits: to investigate the relationship between the setup of series/parallel circuits and the current flow in these different types of circuits D. Unit 13: Magnetostatics i. Magnetism (CH20) 1. Magnets and Magnetic Fields 2. Electric Currents Produce Magnetic Fields 3. Force on an Electric Current in a Magnetic Field; Definition of B 4. Force on an Electric Charge Moving in a Magnetic Field 5. Magnetic Field Due to a Straight Wire 6. Force Between Two Parallel Wires ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Magnets: to explore the interactions between a compass and a bar magnet; to investigate the relationship between a magnet and its magnetic field E. Unit 14: Electromagnetism i. Electromagnetic Induction and Faraday’s Law (CH21) 1. Induced EMF 2. Faraday’s Law of Induction: Lenz’s Law 3. EMF Induced in a Moving Conductor 4. Changing Magnetic Flux Produces an Electric Field 5. Electric Generators IV.
6. Back EMF and Counter Torque; Eddy Currents 7. Transformers and Transmission of Power 8. Inductance ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Induced Currents: to explain situations that give rise to a current induced in a loop of wire; to investigate what situations give rise to a current induced in a loop of wire and the factors that influence the amount of current induced Waves and Optics (4 weeks) A. Unit 15: Wave Motion i. Vibrations and Waves (CH11) 1. Forced Vibrations; Resonance 2. Wave Motion 3. Types of Waves; Transverse and Longitudinal 4. Energy Transported by Waves 5. Reflection and Transmission of Waves 6. Interference; Principle of Superposition 7. Standing Waves; Resonance 8. Refraction 9. Diffraction ii. Sound (CH12) 1. Characteristic of Sound 2. Intensity of Sound: Decibels 3. The Ear and Its Response; Loudness 4. Sources of Sound: Vibrating Strings and Air Columns 5. Interference of Sound Waves; Beats 6. Doppler Effect 7. Shock Waves and the Sonic Boom iii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT 1. Wave Motion: to investigate the relationship between frequency, amplitude and wavelength in a wave 2. Speed of Sound Lab: to use the principles of resonance to determine the speed of sound B. Unit 16: Physical Optics i. The Wave Nature of Light (CH24) 1. Waves Versus Particles; Huygen’s Principle and Diffraction 2. Huygen’s Principle and the Law of Refraction 3. Interference – Young’s Double-­‐Slit Experiment 4. The Visible Spectrum and Dispersion 5. Diffraction by a Single Slit or Disk 6. Diffraction Grating 7. The Spectrometer and Spectroscopy 8. Interference by Thin Films 9. Polarization ii. Electromagnetic Waves (CH22) V.
1. Light as an Electromagnetic Wave and the Electromagnetic Spectrum iii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Diffraction: to investigate the effect of interference on the amplitude of a wave C. Unit 17: Geometric Optics i. Light: Geometric Optics (CH23) 1. The Ray Model of Light 2. Reflection; Image Formation by a Plane Mirror 3. Formation of Images by Spherical Mirrors 4. Index of Refraction 5. Refraction: Snell’s Law 6. Total Internal Reflection; Fiber Optics 7. Thin Lenses; Ray Tracing 8. The Thin Lens Equation; Magnification 9. Combination of Lenses ii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Curved Mirrors: to investigate the image formed by each type of curved mirror when the object is placed at a variety of locations Atomic and Nuclear Physics (2 weeks) A. Unit 18: Atomic Physics and Quantum Physics i. Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atom (CH27) 1. Discovery and Properties of the Electron 2. Plank’s Quantum Hypothesis; Blackbody Radiation 3. Photon Theory of Light and the Photoelectric Effect 4. Compton Effect 5. Photon Interactions; Pair Production 6. Wave-­‐Particle Duality; The Principle of Complementarity 7. Wave Nature of Matter 8. Early Models of the Atom 9. Atomic Spectra: Key to the Structure of the Atom 10. The Bohr Model 11. de Broglie’s Hypothesis Applied to Atoms ii. Quantum Mechanics of Atoms (CH28) 1. Quantum Mechanics – A New Theory 2. The Wave Function and its Interpretation; the Double Slit Experiment 3. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 4. Philosophical Implications; Probability Versus Determination 5. Quantum-­‐Mechanical View of Atoms 6. Quantum-­‐Mechanics of the Hydrogen Atom; Quantum Numbers 7. Complex Atoms; The Exclusion Principle iii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Photoelectric Effect: to demonstrate an understanding of DC circuits and causes/effects of changes to circuits B. Unit 19: Nuclear Physics i. Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity (CH30) 1. Structure and Properties of the Nucleus 2. Binding Energy and Nuclear Forces 3. Radioactivity 4. Alpha Decay 5. Beta Decay 6. Gamma Decay 7. Conservation of Nucleon Number and Other Conservation Laws 8. Calculations Involving Decay Rates and Half-­‐Life ii. Nuclear Energy; Effects and Uses of Radiation (CH31) 1. Nuclear Reactions and the Transmutation of Elements 2. Nuclear Fission; Nuclear Reactors 3. Fusion iii. LABORATORY EXPERIMENT Decay: to investigate the affects of alpha, beta, and gamma decay on molecules