Ph.D. Entrance Examination
Syllabus
for
Electronics
(Faculty of Science)
Subject: LINEAR ELECTRONICS: CONCEPTS, DEVICES AND CIRCUITS
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT 1
Filters
Fundamental and overview of filters, classification of filters, Butterworth filter, Band
pass filter, Band Rejection filter, All Pass filter, Universal All Pass filter, Designing
procedure for Universal Filter Integrated Chip, Types of Active filters, Digital filters,
Discrete functions, Sampling theorem, Frequency domain representation
UNIT 2
Introductions to Data Acquisition
Objectives of Data Acquisition System, Signal Conditioning, Single and Multi channel
DAS, Computer based DAS, Brief overview of Digital to Analog and Analog to Digital
Converters, Data Loggers, Electromechanical A/D Converter, and Digital Transducer.
UNIT 3
Analog to Digital Converters
ADC Characteristics, Integrating ADC, Successive Approximation ADC, ADCs for
Microprocessors, AD670 and ADC 0808/0809 Microprocessor-Compatible ADC,
Testing the AD670, Block diagram of ADC 0808/0809, Functional description, Flash
Converters, Frequency Response of ADCs
UNIT 4
Digital to Analog converters
DAC Characteristics, Digital to Analog Conversion Process, Voltage output DACs,
Multiplying DAC, DAC 0808 / DAC 0807/ DAC 0806 8-bit digital to analog converters
Block diagram, Connection diagram, Application hints, Test circuit, Typical application,
Microprocessor Compatibility, AD558 Microprocessor compatible DAC, Serial DACs.
Recommended Books:
1.
Electronic Instrumentation by H. S. Kalsi, Tata McGraw Hill Publication
2.
Operational Amplifier and Linear Integrated Circuits by Robert F. Coughlin and
Fredrick F. Driscoll, Pearson Education Publication
Reference Books:
1.
Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits by Ramakant A. Gayakwad, PHI
Publication.
2.
INTERSIL application hard book, GE solid State, 1988.
3.
Data Acquisition Liner Devices Data Book, National Semiconductor, 1989.
Subject: ADVANCE MICROPROCESSOR
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT 1
8086: Block diagram, functional description and pins details-addressing modes, complete
instruction set and assembler directives-interrupt processing
UNIT 2
Hardware details of 8088: CPU specifications, CPU pin descriptions, the 8284 clock
generator, the 8288 Bus controller, system timing diagrams, personal computer Bus
standards.
Memory System design: The 8088 address and data buses, bus buffering, accessing
memory, designing a memory address decoder, partial address decoding, generating wait
states, complete RAM/EPROM memory, dynamic RAM interfacing, Direct Memory
Access, Memory-Mapped I/O.
UNIT 3
Introduction to Programming 8086: Tackling a large programming assignment-writing
a software driver-data gathering searching data tables-string operations-sortingcomputational routines-control applications-number conversion-data structuretroubleshooting technique
Programming with DOS and BIOS function calls: Introduction-using the keyboardcontrolling the video display-controlling the speaker controlling the printer-using the
command line interface-additional applications troubleshooting technique
UNIT 4
Advance Programming: Using the EXTRN and PUBLIC directives-using macrosinstruction execution times working with interrupt vector-multitasking-memory
management-using the mouse-writing a memory resident program-protected mode
detection-interfacing C with assembly language-troubleshooting technique
Using DISK and FILES: Organization of floppy and hard disks-reading and writing disk
headers-directory function reading text filer-creating a text file-accessing an existing filemiscellanies file and disk function-troubleshooting technique.
Recommended Book
1. An introduction to the Intel family of microprocessors
By James L. Antonakos, Pearson Education Asia Publishers 2. Microprocessor and
peripheral Vol. I Microprocessor, Intel Corporation
Reference Books
1. The Intel microprocessors 8086/8085, 80186, 80286, 80386 and 80486 Architecture,
programming and interfacing by Barry B. Brey , PHI
2. Programming the 80286, 80386, 80486 and Pentium based personal computers by
Barry B. Brey, PHI
Subject: EM WAVES AND APPLICATIONS
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT 1
Maxwell’s Equations and EM Wave Propagation
Maxwell’s Equations: Introduction, Faraday’s Law, Transformer and Motional EMFs,
Displacement Current, Maxwell’s Equations in Final Forms, Physical meaning of Maxwell’s
equations*, Time varying potentials, Time Harmonic Fields
EM Wave Propagation: Introduction, Wave propagation in lossy dielectrics, plane waves in
lossless dielectrics, plane waves in free space, plane waves in good conductors, Power and
Poynting vector, Reflection of a plane wave at Normal incidence, reflection of a plane wave at
oblique incidence.
UNIT 2
Transmission Lines
Introduction, Types of Transmission Line*, Losses in Transmission Line*, Transmission Line
Parameters, Transmission Line Equations, Lossless line, Distortion less line, Input impedance of
Transmission Line, Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) and Power, Applications of Transmission Line*
UNIT 3
Waveguides
Introduction: Differential between Transmission Line and Waveguide, Rectangular Waveguides,
Physical meaning of different field configuration or patters, Transverse Magnetic (TM) Modes in
rectangular waveguide, Transverse Electric (TE) Modes in rectangular waveguide, Wave
Propagation in guide (concept of phase, group and medium velocities), Wave guide Resonators,
Quality factor of Resonators, Salient features of cavity resonators*, Advantages and
Disadvantages of waveguides*
UNIT 4
Radiation and Antennas
Introduction: Antenna Definition and Uses of antenna, Hertzian Dipole, Half Wave Dipole
antenna, Quarter Wave Monopole antenna, small loop antenna, Antenna Characteristics: Antenna
Patterns, Radiation Intensity, Directive Gain, Power Gain, Antenna arrays, Effective area and the
Friis equation, The Radar equation.
Recommended Book:
1.
Elements of Electromagnetics by Matthew N. O. Sadiku Oxford Publication (3rd
edition)
Reference Books:
1.
Electromagnetic Field Theory Fundamentals by Bhag Guru Cambridge Pub.
2.
Electromagnetics Fields* by T.V.S. Arun Murthy S.Chand Publications.
3.
Electromagnetic Waves by R K Shevgaonkar Tata McGraw Hill Publication
4.
Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Line* by G.S.N. Raju
Pearson Publications
5.
Electromagnetics with Applications by Kraus/Flesich, McGraw Hill Publication
6.
Engineering Electromagnetics by William H. Hayt TMH Publications
Subject: INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED MICROCONTROLLERS
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT 1
The 8051 Microcontrollers: Microcontrollers and Embedded processors, Overview of
the 8051 family, Pin description of the 8051, Addressing mode, Instruction set
8051 Assembly Language Programming: Inside the 8051, Introduction to 8051
assembly programming, Assembling and running an 8051 program, data types and
directives, 8051 flag bits, and the PSW register, 8051 register banks and stack
UNIT 2
I/O Port Programming: I/O programming; Bit manipulation
Timer/Counter Programming in the 8051
Programming 8051 timers, counter programming
UNIT 3
8051 Serial Communication: Basics of Serial communication, 8051 connection to
RS232, 8051 serial communication programming
Interrupt Programming
8051 interrupts, Programming timer interrupts, Programming external hardware
interrupts, Programming the serial communication interrupt, interrupt priority in the 8051
UNIT 4
8051 Interfacing Techniques: Interfacing an LCD to the 8051, Interfacing an ADC
sensors to the 8051, Interfacing keyboard to the 8051, Interfacing Stepper motor to the
8051, Interfacing a DAC to the 8051
Recommended Books
1.
“The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems” by Muhammed Ali Mazidi,
Janice Gillispe Mazidi. Pearson Education.
Reference Books
1.
The 8051 Microcontroller: Architecture, Programming” by K. J. Ayala, Pearson
Press.
2.
“Embedded Microcontroller” by Morton, Pearson Education.
Subject: FUNDAMENTAL OF COMPUTER HARDWARE
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT 1
The visible PC and BIOS
The Visible PC
How the PC works: Input, Processing, Output, Storage, The Art of the PC Technician
Essential Tools of the Trade and ESD Avoidance: Tools of the Trade, Avoiding
Electrostatic Discharge, Results of Electrostatic Discharge, Anti static Tools
Recognize the Major components of a PC, Connectors: DB, DIN, Centronics, RJ, BNC,
Audio, USB, FireWire, Sound cards, video cards, network cards, keyboard, mouse,
modem, printer, joystick
(Book: PC Hardware by Michael Meyers)
BIOS
BIOS Basics, Motherboard ROM BIOS: ROM Hardware, ROM shadowing, ROM chip
types, ROM BIOS Manufacturers, BIOS Hardware/Software
Upgrading the BIOS: where to get your BIOS update, determine your BIOS version,
Checking the BIOS date, Backing Up Your BIOS, Backing Up Your BIOS setup (CMOS
RAM) setting, Upgrading a Flash BIOS
CMOS setup specifications, Plug and Play BIOS: PnP device IDs and ACPI.
(Book: Upgrading and Repairing PCs by Scott Mueller)
UNIT 2
Video and Audio Hardware
Video
CRT and LCD Displays: CRT Monitors, LCD Displays, Common Features, Power
Conservation
The Video Card: Modes, Resolution, Color Depth, and Memory Requirements,
Accelerated Graphics Port, Graphics Processor, Video memory
Installing and configuring Video software: Drivers, Using the Display Applet, Working
with drivers and 3-D Graphics
Troubleshooting Video: External adjustments, Internal Adjustments, Common Monitor
Problems, Video and CMOS
Audio
How sound works in a PC: sound capture basics, recorded sound formats, playing sounds,
MIDI, other file formats, video, applications, streaming media
Getting the right sound card: processor capabilities, speaker support, recording quality,
jacks, extra features, audio cables, speakers
Installing a sound card: Physical installation, installing drivers, installing sound
programs, installing applications
Troubleshooting Sound: Hardware Problems, Configuration Problems, Application
Problems, Sound card Benchmarking.
(Book: PC Hardware by Michael Meyers)
UNIT 3
Building/Upgrading systems
System components: Case and Power supply, Processor, Motherboard, Memory, HDD,
Removable storage, Input Devices, Video card and display, audio hardware, accessories
Hardware and Software resources, System assembly and disassembly
Motherboard Installation: Installing CPU and Heat Sink, Installing Memory modules,
mounting motherboard in the case, connecting the power supply, connecting I/O and
other cables to the motherboard, Installing the drivers, Installing a video card, Installing
additional expansion cards, replacing the cover and connecting external cables, System
startup, Installing the operating system, Troubleshooting Installation.
(Book: Upgrading and Repairing PCs by Scott Mueller)
UNIT 4
PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance
PC Diagnostics, Diagnostics Software: The Power-on Self Test, Peripheral Diagnostics,
Operating system diagnostics, Commercial diagnostics software, Free/User supported
diagnostics
The Boot Process: The Hardware boot process (operating system independent), The DOS
boot process, The Windows 9x/Me Boot process, Windows 2000/XP startup, Windows
Vista/7 startup
PC Maintenance Tools: Hand tools, safety, test equipment, special tools
Preventive Maintenance: Active preventive maintenance procedures, Passive preventive
maintenance procedures, Troubleshooting Tips and Techniques.
(Book: Upgrading and Repairing PCs by Scott Mueller)
Recommended-Book:
1. “Upgrading and Repairing PCs” by Scott Mueller Publisher: QUE (Pearson
Education) 19th Edition (December 2009).
2. “PC Hardware” by Michael Meyers, Scott Jernigan. TMH Edition.
Reference-Books:
1.
2
3.
“Troubleshooting, Maintaining and Reparing PCs” by Stephen J. Bigelow,
TMH
“PC Upgrade and Maintenance Guide”, Minasi, BPB publication.
“Hardware Bible” by W. L. Rosch, Techmedia Publication.
Subject: CIRCUIT SIMULATION USING PSPICE
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT 1
CIRCUIT DISCRIPTION AND DC ANALYSIS:
Element values, nodes, circuit elements, sources, types of analysis, output variables,
PSPICE output commands, format of circuit files, format of output files, Examples of
SPICE simulations, Graphical Input Files, Resistors, Modelling of Elements, Operating
Temperature, Independent Sources, Dependent Sources, Dc output variables, Types of
Output, Types of Dc Analysis.
AC AND TRANSIENT ANALYSIS:
Capacitors and inductors, modelling of transient sources, transient sources, transient
output variables, transient output commands, transient response, switches, AC output
variables, Independent AC sources, AC analysis, Magnetic Elements, Transmission
Lines, Multiple analyses.
UNIT 2
ADVANCE SPICE COMMANDS AND ANALYSIS:
Behavioural modelling, .SUBCKT (sub circuit), .ENDS (end of sub circuit), .FUNC
(Function), .GLOBAL (Global), .INC (Include File), .LIB (Library File), .NODESET
(Nodeset), options, .PARAM (parameter), Fourier Analysis, Noise Analysis, .SENS
(Sensitivity Analysis), .STEP (Parametric Analysis), .DC (Dc parameter Sweep), Monte
Carlo Analysis, DEV/LOT Device and Lot Tolerances, Sensitivity/Worst-Case Analysis.
SEMICONDUCTOR DIODES AND BJT ANALYSIS:
Diode Characteristics, Analysis of Diode Circuits, Diode Model, Diode Statement, Diode
Parameters, Examples of Dc, Ac and Transient Analysis, BJT Model, BJT statements,
BJT Parameters, Examples.
UNIT 3
FET AND OP-AMP CIRCUITS ANALYSIS
Junction Field-Effect Transistors, JFET Parameters, Examples of JFET Amplifiers,
MOSFET, Some MOSFET Parameters, Examples of MOSFET Amplifiers, Gallium
Arsenide MESFETs, Dc Linear Models, Ac Linear Models, Nonlinear Macromodel.
UNIT 4
DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUITS ANALYSIS
Digital Devices and Nodes, Digital Primitives, Digital Gates and Timing Models, Flip –
Flops and Latches, Pullup and Pulldown, Delay Line, Stimulus devices, digital input and
output, examples of digital logic circuit.
Recommended Book
1) Spice for circuits and electronics using PSPICE
by M.H. Rashid PHI second edition
Subject: ELECTRONICS TECHNIQUES
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT 1
USING PCB DESIGNING SOFTWARE:
Run the software - initial settings - preparation of schematics - using library facility and creating
library symbols - preparing layouts - auto routing - printing the designed document
HARDWARE DEBUGGING TOOLS:
 Logic state analyzer
 In circuit emulator (working and use of above tools)
UNIT 2
TRANSFORMER BASICS:
 PRINCIPLE OF POWER TRANSFORMER DESIGN:Transformer on no load - hysteris loss - ramnant flux density - induced EMF and eddy
currents - turns ratio - Volt Sec product -- stacking factor - transformer on load - leakage
flux - equivalent circuit.
 POWER HANDLING CAPACITY OF A TRANSFORMER:Voltage equation - power handling capacity - empirical formula for choice of core of a
power transformer - window utilization factor - transformer polarities and dot
convention - testing for polarity
UNIT 3
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING:
 DESIGN WITH EXAMPLE: Introduction - basic equation - window utilization factor - factors affecting efficiency winding - winding resistance - calculations for iron loss temperature rise and thermal
design - shielding of transformer - one design example
 MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Winding - bifilar winding - core assembly - termination - electrical tests
impregnation
UNIT 4
SURFACE MOUNT DEVICES:
Advantages of SMDs, components, SMD production techniques, PC Board Layout, soldering
techniques, Automatic components placement unit.
Recommended Books:
1.
Understating pcb designing software by dr. H. N. Pandya
2.
Design and technology of low power transformer and inductor by Dr. N.
Radhekrishanan and Dr. S.r. Bhat cedt - i.i.sc bangalore
3.
Manual for logan and pcice of esa, bangai.ore
Reference Books:
1.
Printed circuit board by Dr. H. N. Pandya
University granth nirman board gujarat state
Reference:
Semiconductors: Technical information and characteristic data for students.
Semen's Aktiengesellschft Publication.
Subject: ADVANCE COMPUTER HARDWARE
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT 1
Microprocessor and Memory
PC components: Introduction
Microprocessor History, PC Processor Evolution,16-bit to 64-bit Architecture Evolution
Processor Specifications: Data I/O Bus, Address Bus, Internal Registers, Processor
Modes
Processor Features: System Management Mode (SMM), Superscalar Execution, MMX
Technology, Dynamic Execution, Dual Independent Bus Architecture, Hyper Threading
Technology, Multicore Technology
Overview of Processor Socket and slot types, Math Coprocessor, Overview of current
processors, Processor cooling and overclocking overview
Memory Basics: ROM, DRAM, Cache Memory: SRAM
RAM Types and Performance: Fast page Mode DRAM, Extended Data Out RAM(EDO),
SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, DDR2 SDRAM, DDR3 SDRAM, RDRAM
Memory modules, SIMMs, DIMMs and RIMMs (Physical Memory),Memory Banks,
RAM upgrades, The system Logical Memory Layout.
UNIT 2
Motherboard and I/O Buses
Motherboard Form Factors: obsolete form factors, ATX and other modern form factors
What is the chipset, Roles of Chipset in motherboard, Traditional North/South Bridge
Architecture, Hub Architecture, Features and block diagram of current chipset, Super I/O
chip, Overview of System Resources: Interrupts, DMA channels, I/O port addresses
System Bus Types, Functions and Features, The Processor Bus (FSB), Calculating
Processor Bus Speeds
Overview of different I/O Buses: The ISA Bus, The Micro channel Bus, The EISA bus,
Local Buses ( VESA, PCI, PCI Express, AGP)
Motherboard selection criteria (knowing what to look for)
UNIT 3
Magnetic Storage Principle and Hard Disk Drive
Magnetic storage, History of Magnetic storage, How Magnetic Field are used to store
data
Read/Write Head Designs: Ferrite, Metal-in-Gap, Thin Film, Magneto-Resistive Heads,
Giant-Magneto Resistive Heads
Data Encoding Schemes: FM encoding, MFM encoding, RLL encoding, Encoding
scheme comparisons, Partial-Response, Maximum-Likehood Decoders, Areal Density
Hard Disk Storage: Definition of a Hard Disk, Hard Drive Advancement, Form Factors
overview
Hard Disk Drive Operation: The ultimate HDD analogy, Tracks and Sectors, Disk
Formatting
Overview of Basic Hard Disk Drive Components: Hard Disk Platters, Recording Media,
R/W Heads, Head Actuator Mechanisms, Air Filters, Spindle Motors, Logic Boards,
Cables and connectors, Configuration Items.
UNIT 4
Optical Storage : CD and DVD
Optical Technology: Introduction
CD-Based Optical Technology: CDs A brief History, CD construction and Technology,
Mass-Producting CDs, Drive Mechanical Operation, Overview of writable CDs
DVD: DVD history, DVD construction and Technology, DVD capacity (sides and layers)
Introduction of Blu-ray disc and HD-DVD, Overview of optical disc file systems
Optical Drive Performance Specifications: CD data transfer rate, CD drive speed, DVD
drive speed, access time, Buffer/Cache, DMA, Interface, Loading Mechanism and other
drive features.
Recommended-Book:
1. “Upgrading and Repairing PCs” by Scott Mueller Publisher: QUE (Pearson
Education) 19th Edition (December 2009).
Reference-Books:
1.
“Troubleshooting, Maintaining and Reparing PCs” by Stephen J. Bigelow,
TMH
2
.“PC Upgrade and Maintenance Guide”, Minasi, BPB publication.
3.
“PC Hardware” by Michael Meyers, Scott Jernigan. TMH Edition.
4.
“Hardware Bible” by W. L. Rosch, Techmedia Publication.
Subject: FIBER OPTICS
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT 1
Overview of Optical Communication Systems: Historical Development, Elementary idea about
optical fiber transmission link, Advantages and disadvantages of Fiber Communication Systems,
Overview of Optics: The nature of light, Optical basic laws, Wave theory of light, Polarization
of light, Characteristics of optical fibers: Optical Fiber modes and configuration, Wave
propagation in multimode and single-mode optical fibers, Attenuation, Dispersion
UNIT 2
Fiber Material and Fabrication
This unit covers propagation in multimode and single-mode fibers, coupling into and out of
fibers, fiber material and various fabrication methods.
Coupling into and out of fibers: Fiber to Fiber Joints, Fiber Splicing, Optical Fiber Connectors,
Fiber material and fabrication: Various types of Fiber Materials, Various methods of Fiber
Fabrication
UNIT 3
Optical Source and Detectors
Optical Source: Review of Semiconducting Physics, Energy Bands, Intrinsic and Extrinsic
Material, The pn Junctions, Band-gaps, Light-Emitting Diodes, Modulation capability, Transient
response, Semiconductor Losses, LASER Diodes: Structure and Threshold conditions,
Temperature Effects, Source Linearity and Reliability and Quantum Efficiency, Optical
Detectors: PIN photo detector, Avalanche photodiode, Noise consideration, Response time,
Depletion layer photocurrent, Avalanche multiplication noise, materials used in APDs.
UNIT 4
Optical Fiber Measurements
Attenuation Measurement: Cutback method, Optical Time Domain Reflectometer, Fiber fault
location, Time Domain Dispersion Measurements, Frequency Domain Measurements. Refractive
Index Profile Measurement: End reflection technique, Transmitted near field scanning method,
Refracted near filed technique, Interferometer of optical source characteristics, Response time,
Distortions.
Recommended Book
l.
Optical Fiber Communications by Gerd Keiser, McGraw-Hill Publication.
2.
Optical Fiber Communications: Principles and Practice by John M. Senior, Pearson
Education Publication
Reference Book:
1.
Fiber Optic Communication by D. C. Agarwal, S. Chand Publication
2.
Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics by R. P. Khare, Oxford Publication.
3.
Fiber Optics through Experiments by Shenoy, Khijwania, Ghatak and Pal, Viva
Publication.
Subject: MICROWAVE ELECTRONICS
Weighted in Ph.D. Entrance Exam.: 10 Marks
UNIT l:
Introduction, definition of microwave, characteristic features, application of microwave
UNIT 2:
Generation of microwave by vacuum tube - limitation of conventional tubes klytron
amplifier-reflex klystron oscillator, magnetrons-traveling wave tubes
UNIT 3:
Generation of microwave by solid state devices, bipolar transistor field effect transistors,
gunn oscillator, avlanche diode, oscillator, IMPATT & TRPATT mode of operation
parametric amplifiers.
UNIT 4:
Microwave integrated circuit design, introduction, hybrid microwave integrated circuits
(HMIC), monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), MIC materials, substrate
material, conductor material, dielectric materials, resistive filMS, types of mics,
microwave monolithic integrated circuits (MMIC'S).
UNIT 5:
Waveguide and waveguide component, concept of waveguide, advantage of hollow wave
guide, reflection from a metal surface, field pattern obtained by oblique reflection, higher
order modes, waveguide dimensions, impedance matching elements, waveguide short
circuit, tees and magic tee, phase shiftless, attenuators, matched terminators, waveguide
slotted section, PIN diodes, PIN diode switches
UNIT 6:
Microwave measurement techniques, standing wave measurements, impedance
measurement, cavity resonator, cavity σ. frequency measurements and calibration
techniques, dielectric measurments.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
l. MICROWAVE DEVICES AND CIRCUITS
S. Y. LIAO, PHI
2. INTRODUCTION TO MICROWAVE THEORY AND MEASURMENTS
L.A. LANCE TMH
3. RADIO FREQUECY AND MICROWAVE ELECTRONICS
M.M. RADMANESH PEARSON