Answer, Key – Homework 10 – David McIntyre This print-out should have 22 questions, check that it is complete. Multiple-choice questions may continue on the next column or page: find all choices before making your selection. The due time is Central time. Chapter 26 problems. 001 (part 1 of 1) 0 points A parallel-plate capacitor is charged by connecting it to a battery. If the battery is disconnected and the separation between the plates is increased, what will happen to the charge on the capacitor and the electric potential a cross it? 1. The charge increases and the electric potential decreases. 2. The charge decreases and the electric potential increases. Q smaller. Thus the new potential V 0 = 0 is C larger. 002 (part 1 of 2) 5 points Given: A capacitor network is shown below. 14 µF 20 µF a b 7 µF 116 V Find the equivalent capacitance Cab between points a and b for the group of capacitors. Correct answer: 15.2353 µF. Explanation: Given : C1 C2 C3 EB 3. The charge and the electric potential increase. 4. The charge decreases and the electric potential remains fixed. 5. The charge and the electric potential decrease. 1 C1 a = 14 µF , = 20 µF , = 7 µF , and = 116 V . C2 C3 6. The charge remains fixed and the electric potential increases. correct 7. The charge and the electric potential remain fixed. 8. The charge increases and the electric potential remains fixed. 9. The charge remains fixed and the electric potential decreases. Explanation: Charge is conserved, so it must remain constant since it is stuck on the plates. With the battery disconnected, Q is fixed. C=² A d A larger d makes the fraction smaller, so C is b EB The capacitors C1 and C2 are in series, so ¶−1 µ 1 1 Cs = + C1 C2 C1 C2 = . C1 + C 2 Cs is parallel with C3 , so Cab = Cs + C3 C1 C2 = + C3 C1 + C 2 (14 µF) (20 µF) = + 7 µF 14 µF + 20 µF = 8.23529 µF + 7 µF = 15.2353 µF . Answer, Key – Homework 10 – David McIntyre 003 (part 2 of 2) 5 points What charge is stored on the 7 µF capacitor on the lower portin of the parallel circuit? Correct answer: 812 µC. Explanation: Since Cs and C3 are parallel, the same potential EB = V is across both, so = 812 µC . 68 µF 35 µF 004 (part 1 of 2) 5 points Four capacitors are connected as shown in the figure. c µF 1 2 97 V b 8 Find the capacitance between points a and b. Correct answer: 128.107 µF. Explanation: Given : C1 C2 C3 C4 E = 21 µF , = 35 µF , = 68 µF , = 84 µF , = 97 V . and C2 a b C3 EB d C2 C4 b C3 C4 C23 = 1 1 1 + C2 C3 C2 C3 = C2 + C 3 (35 µF) (68 µF) = 35 µF + 68 µF = 23.1068 µF . Cab = C1 + C4 + C23 = 21 µF + 84 µF + 23.1068 µF = 128.107 µF . 005 (part 2 of 2) 5 points What is the charge on the 35 µF uppercentered capacitor? Correct answer: 2241.36 µC. Explanation: The voltages across C2 and C3 , respectively, (the voltage between a and b) are Vab = V23 = 97 V , and we have c C1 C1 a The total capacitance Cab between a and b can be obtained by calculating the capacitance in the parallel combination of the capacitors C1 , C4 , and C23 ; i.e., F 4µ d A good rule of thumb is to eliminate junctions connected by zero capacitance. Q The definition of capacitance is C ≡ . V The series connection of C2 and C3 gives the equivalent capacitance q3 = C 3 V = (7 µF) (116 V) a 2 Q23 = Q3 = Q2 = Vab C23 = (97 V) (23.1068 µF) = 2241.36 µC . 006 (part 1 of 2) 0 points Answer, Key – Homework 10 – David McIntyre Two capacitors of 21 µF and 4.1 µF are connected parallel and charged with a 131 V power supply. Calculate the total energy stored in the two capacitors. Correct answer: 0.215371 J. Explanation: CV2 2 = C1 + C2 . 3 4.78 µF a 5.6 µF b 13.8 µF 17.1 V U= Cparallel Each capacitor has voltage V, so 1 (C1 + C2 ) V 2 2 1 = (21 µF + 4.1 µF) (131 V)2 2 = 0.215371 J . U= 007 (part 2 of 2) 0 points What potential difference would be required across the same two capacitors connected in series in order for the combination to store the same energy as in the first part? Correct answer: 354.359 V. Explanation: When in series the equivalent capacitance is C1 C2 C1 + C 2 (21 µF) (4.1 µF) = 21 µF + 4.1 µF = 3.43028 µF . Cseries = Ceq V 02 , we have 2 s 2U V0 = Ceq s 2 (0.215371 J) 106 µF = · 3.43028 µF 1F = 354.359 V . Since U = 008 (part 1 of 7) 2 points Given: A capacitor network is shown in the following figure. What is effective capacitance Cab of the entire capacitor network? Correct answer: 16.3788 µF. Explanation: Given: C1 C2 C3 EB = 4.78 µF , = 5.6 µF , = 13.8 µF , = 17.1 V . and C1 a C2 C3 b EB C1 and C2 are in series with each other, and they are together are parallel with C3 . So C1 C2 + C3 C1 + C 2 (4.78 µF) (5.6 µF) + 13.8 µF = 4.78 µF + 5.6 µF Cab = = 16.3788 µF . 009 (part 2 of 7) 2 points What is the voltage across the 5.6 µF upper right-hand capacitor? Correct answer: 7.87457 V. Explanation: Since C1 and C2 are in series they carry the same charge C1 V1 = C 2 V2 , Answer, Key – Homework 10 – David McIntyre and their voltages add up to V , voltage of the battery V1 + V 2 = V C2 V2 + V2 = V C1 C2 V2 + C 1 V2 = V C 1 V C1 V2 = C1 + C 2 (17.1 V)(4.78 µF) = 4.78 µF + 5.6 µF = 7.87457 V . 010 (part 3 of 7) 2 points If a dielectric of constant 4.18 is inserted in the 5.6 µF top right-hand capacitor (when the battery is connected), what is the electric potential across the 4.78 µF top left-hand capacitor? Correct answer: 14.2003 V. Explanation: Given : κ = 4.18 . When the dielectric is inserted, the capacitance formerly C2 becomes C20 = κ C2 , 4 = (13.8 µF)(17.1 V) = 235.98 µc 0 Q1 = Q02 0 = C12 V = (3.96943 µF)(17.1 V) = 67.8772 µc . When we remove the dielectric, the sum of the charges stays the same, and the voltages on C3 and on C12 (where C12 is the equivalent capacitance of C1 and C2 in series) are equal to each other Q001 + Q003 = Q01 + Q03 Q001 Q00 = 3. C12 C3 Therefore Q01 + Q03 C3 1+ C12 67.8772 µc + 235.98 µc = 13.8 µF 1+ 2.57881 µF Q001 = = 47.8416 µc . and the new voltage across C1 is V10 V C20 = C1 + C20 κ V C2 = C1 + κ C 2 (4.18)(17.1 V)(5.6 µF) = 4.78 µF + (4.18)(5.6 µF) = 14.2003 V . 011 (part 4 of 7) 1 points If the battery is disconnected and then the dielectric is removed, what is the charge on 4.78 µF top left-hand capacitor? Correct answer: 47.8416 µc. Explanation: Immediately before the battery was disconnected the charges on the capacitors had been Q03 = C3 V 012 (part 5 of 7) 1 points What is now the voltage drop across the 5.6 µF top right-hand capacitor? Correct answer: 8.54315 V. Explanation: Q002 C2 Q00 = 1 C2 47.8416 µc = 5.6 µF V200 = = 8.54315 V . 013 (part 6 of 7) 1 points What was the energy stored in the system Answer, Key – Homework 10 – David McIntyre before the dielectric was removed? Correct answer: 0.00259798 J. Explanation: The total capacitance of the system before the dielectric was removed had been 0 0 Cab = C12 + C3 = 3.96943 µF + 13.8 µF = 17.7694 µF so the energy stored in the system was 1 0 2 C V 2 ab = 2597.98 µJ U0 = = 0.00259798 J . 014 (part 7 of 7) 1 points What is the energy stored in the system after the dielectric was removed? Correct answer: 0.00281856 J. Explanation: Since the battery is disconnected, the total charge is conserved: Q00 = Q0 0 = Cab V = (17.7694 µF)(17.1 V) = 303.857 µc . Therefore, the energy stored is Q002 U = 2 Cab = 2818.56 µJ 5 3. The capacitance decreases. 4. The charge on the capacitor plates decreases. 5. The electric field between the capacitor plates increases. Explanation: Since the capacitor is isolated, the charge on the capacitor plates remains the same. On the other hand, the capacitance is increased by introducing a dielectric. Therefore, from Q V = , the potential difference across the C capacitor is decreased. 016 (part 1 of 1) 0 points A parallel plate capacitor is attached to a battery which maintains a constant potential difference of V between the plates. While the battery is still connected, a glass slab is inserted so as to just fill the space between the capacitor plates. V V The stored energy will 1. remain the same. 2. increase. correct 00 = 0.00281856 J . 015 (part 1 of 1) 0 points A sheet of mica is inserted between the plates of an isolated charged parallel-plate capacitor. Which of the following statements is true? 3. decrease. Explanation: The energy stored in the capacitor is given by Q2 κC 2 U= = V 2 κC 2 Without the glass, the stored energy is U0 = 1 CV2 2 1. The potential difference across the capacitor decreases. correct After inserting the glass, it becomes 2. The energy of the capacitor does not change. U= 1 κC V 2 2 Answer, Key – Homework 10 – David McIntyre Since κ > 1, the stored energy will increase. 017 (part 1 of 6) 2 points A parallel-plate capacitor has a plate area of 105 cm2 and a plate separation of 2.25 mm. A potential difference of 5.87 V is applied across the plates with only air between the plates. The battery is then disconnected, and a piece of glass (κ = 8.53) is inserted to completely fill the space between the plates. What is the capacitance before the dielectric is inserted? Correct answer: 4.13195 × 10−11 F. Explanation: Given : ²0 = 8.85419 × 10−12 C2 /N m2 , A = 105 cm2 , and d = 2.25 mm . The capacitance before the dielectric is inserted is ²0 A ¡d ¢ 8.85419 × 10−12 C2 /N m2 (105 cm2 ) = (2.25 mm) C1 = = 4.13195 × 10−11 F . 018 (part 2 of 6) 2 points What is the capacitance after the dielectric is inserted? Correct answer: 3.52456 × 10−10 F. Explanation: Given : κ = 8.53 . The capacitance after the dielectric is inserted is κ ²0 A d (8.53) (²0 ) (105 cm2 ) = (2.25 mm) C2 = = 3.52456 × 10−10 F . 019 (part 3 of 6) 2 points 6 What is the charge on the plates before the dielectric is inserted? Correct answer: 2.42546 × 10−10 C. Explanation: Given : V = 5.87 V . The charge on the plates before the dielectric is inserted is given by Q1 = C 1 V = (4.13195 × 10−11 F) (5.87 V) = 2.42546 × 10−10 C . 020 (part 4 of 6) 2 points What is the charge on the plates after the dielectric is inserted? Correct answer: 2.42546 × 10−10 C. Explanation: The charge on the plates doesn’t change after the dielectric is inserted, so it is given by Q2 = Q1 = 2.42546 × 10−10 C . 021 (part 5 of 6) 1 points What is the potential difference across the plates before the dielectric is inserted? Correct answer: 5.87 V. Explanation: The potential difference across the plates before the dielectric is inserted is given by V1 = V = 5.87 V . 022 (part 6 of 6) 1 points What is the potential difference across the plates after the dielectric is inserted? Correct answer: 0.688159 V. Explanation: The potential difference across the plates after the dielectric is inserted is given by V2 = V 5.87 V = = 0.688159 V . κ 8.53