The examples below will introduce you to analogies.
Each analogy consists of two pairs of words.
Your job is to   make   the   second   pair   express   a   relationship   between   its   two   words   that   is   as   similar   as   possible   to   the
relationship between the words in the first pair .
For instance, in the analogy
STATE : GOVERNOR :: CITY : ___________________________
the best word to place in the blank would be MAYOR , because “mayor” names the highest elected official in a city just as “governor” names the highest elected official in a state.
Now fill the blanks in the analogies below with the most suitable word or pair of words from those that are listed
as choices.
1. SHEEP : LAMB :: CAT : ___________________________ 7. BOOKS : SHELVES :: SOCKS : _________________ a. Siamese b. fur c. puppy d. tiger e. kitten a. feet b. shoes c. threads d. drawers e. stockings
2. SOCCER : SPORT :: TEACHING : __________________ a. school b. classroom c. career d. report card e. math
3. MOUNTAIN : HILL :: POND : _______________________ a. water b. puddle c. snow d. pebble e. lake
4. LION : ROAR :: FROG : ___________________________ a. hop b. sing c. jump d. swim e. croak
5. WEALTH : PENNIES :: FEAST : ____________________ a. party hats b. crumbs c. Thanksgiving d. celebration e. cranberries
6. ADULT : YOUTH :: BLOSSOM : ___________________ a. thorn b. tree c. bud d. sprout e. garden
8. CAR : BUS :: CUP : ___________________________ a. glass b. water c. saucer d. faucet e. bucket
9. GOLD : GLITTER :: EYES : _____________________ a. look b. stare c. wink d. sparkle e. cry
10. DAY : YEAR :: PATCH : _______________________ a. jeans b. eye c. quilt d. plaid e. square
11. PREACHER : SERMON :: TEACHER : ____________ a. homework b. grade c. study d. lecture e. book
12. FLOOR : CARPET :: WINDOW : _________________ a. curtain b. pane c. shutter d. ceiling e. latch

13. FLURRY : BLIZZARD :: WHISPER : _______________ a. secret b. speech c. story d. scream e. answer
14. GARDEN : PLANTS :: MALL : ___________________ a. roses b. shops c. clothes d. pizza e. cars
15. COATS : CLOSET :: ___________________________ a. logs : cabin b. cushions : couch c. eggs : omelet d. spoons : drawer e. letters : mailbox
16. DOG : PAW :: ________________________________ a. spider : leg b. cat : claw c. elephant : toe d. goat : hoof e. duck : web
17. BULLET : RIFLE :: ____________________________ a. bow : arrow b. rope : noose c. fuse : dynamite d. stone : slingshot e. knife : sword
18. EXHAUST PIPE : CAR :: _______________________ a. faucet : sink b. handlebar : bicycle c. chimney : fireplace d. pillow : bed e. spigot : hose
19. MILDEW : WALL :: ___________________________ a. crumbs : floor b. rust : pipe c. picture : frame d. ash : fireplace e. dust : window
20. IGNITE : DAMPEN :: _________________________ a. plant : harvest b. inspire : discourage c. combine : separate d. laugh : cry e. accuse : defend
21. BOOK : CHAPTER :: _________________________ a. branch : tree b. animal : dog c. snake : worm d. door : window e. pie : wedge
22. TEASE : JOKES :: a. ski : mountain b. laugh : tears c. fall : stairs d. fight : swords e. applaud : prizes
23. MOON : CRATER :: a. hill : valley b. mountain : peak c. road : pothole d. saucer : bowl e. sun : halo
24. TANK : OIL :: a. box : marbles b. car : garage c. washing machine : clothes d. rock : quarry e. straw : milk
25. WORK : RECESS :: a. vacation : school b. headache : aspirin c. fight : truce d. crime : punishment e. music : horn
26. SOW : SEEDS :: a. eat : vegetables b. catch : fish c. spread : rumors d. mend : socks e. bake : bread
27. FIRE : LIGHT :: a. trip : plan b. car : start c. rumor : kill d. window : shut e. plate : wash
28. DIAMOND : FAKE :: a. song : off-key b. ruby : expensive c. dollar : counterfeit d. picture : copied e. bracelet : lost
29. DISEASE : VACCINATION :: ________________ a. flu : medicine b. dark curtains : sunlight c. gunshot : bulletproof vest d. rash : allergy e. cold : pneumonia
30. CLOTHES : PERSON :: a. flowers : garden b. windows : house c. bark : tree d. sails : ship e. shoes : store

ANALOGY FORMATS
Here are some of the kinds of relationships which analogies may express. Make up a second pair to match the first pair given in each example.
1. ANTONYMS rough : smooth ::
2. SYNONYMS annoyed : irritated ::
7.
8.
9.
10.
3.
4.
5.
6.
PART : WHOLE
WHOLE : PART
TOOL : ITS ACTION
TOOL USER : TOOL
TOOL : OBJECT IT’S USED WITH
CATEGORY : EXAMPLE
EFFECT : CAUSE
CAUSE : EFFECT brick : wall :: team : shortstop :: spoon : stir :: plumber : wrench :: chalk : blackboard :: sport : tennis :: success : hard work :: fan : breeze ::
11.
12.
13.
14.
INCREASING
DECREASING
ACTION
ACTION
:
:
INTENSITY
INTENSITY
THING ACTED
SUBJECT
UPON
PERFORMING ACTION worry : panic :: magnificent : good :: slice : bread :: rule : queen ::
15. OBJECT OR PLACE : ITS USER mall : shopper ::
16. NOUN : CLOSELY RELATED ADJECTIVE pasture : grassy ::
Here are three important things to remember when you think about analogies:
PARTS OF SPEECH.
If the words in the first pair express a “noun : adjective” or “verb : noun” or “adjective : adjective” relationship (for instance), the second pair should show the same relationship between parts of speech.
WORD ORDER.
If the first pair expresses a “tool user : tool” relationship (for instance), the second pair must express the same relationship in the same order (tool user first, tool second).
EXACTNESS.
Sometimes two or more of the given choices would make fairly good sense in the blank. When this happens, you should choose the word or pair of words that most exactly suits the relationship you’re expressing.

ANSWERS TO ANALOGIES 101 – SET E:
1. kitten
2. career
3. puddle
4. croak
5. crumbs
6. bud
7. drawers
8. bucket
9. sparkle
10. quilt
11. lecture
12. curtain
13. scream
14. shops
15. spoons : drawer
16. goat : hoof
17. stone : slingshot
18. chimney : fireplace
19. rust : pipe
20. inspire : discourage
21. pie : wedge
22. fight : swords
23. road : pothole
24. box : marbles
25. fight : truce
26. spread : rumors
27. car : start
28. dollar : counterfeit
29. gunshot : bulletproof vest
30. sails : ship

1.
2.
3.
SHEEP : LAMB :: CAT : KITTEN
A LAMB is a young SHEEP. In the same way, a KITTEN is a young CAT.
• SIAMESE is not the best answer because it is a breed of cat, not a young CAT.
• FUR is not the best answer because it is not a young CAT.
• PUPPY is not the best answer because it is not a young CAT.
• TIGER is not the best answer because it is not a young CAT.
SOCCER : SPORT :: TEACHING :: CAREER
This is a type : category analogy. SOCCER is a type of SPORT (category) as TEACHING is a type of CAREER (category).
§ SCHOOL is not the best answer because TEACHING is not a type of SCHOOL.
§ CLASSROOM is not the best answer because TEACHING is not a type of CLASSROOM.
§ REPORT CARD is not the best answer because TEACHING is not a type of REPORT CARD.
§ MATH is not the best answer because TEACHING is not a type of MATH.
MOUNTAIN : HILL :: POND : PUDDLE
This is an analogy based on decreasing intensity or size . A HILL is a smaller landform than a MOUNTAIN, as a PUDDLE is a smaller body of water than a POND.
• WATER is not the best answer because it is not a smaller body of water than a POND.
• SNOW is not the best answer because it is not a smaller body of water than a POND.
• PEBBLE is not the best answer because it is not a smaller body of water than a POND.
• LAKE is not the best answer because it is not a smaller body of water than a POND. (LAKE : POND would fit the analogy.)
4.
LION : ROAR :: FROG : CROAK
The sound a LION makes is a ROAR. The sound a FROG makes is a CROAK.
• HOP is not the best answer because it is not the sound a FROG makes.
• SING is not the best answer because it is not the sound a FROG makes.
• JUMP is not the best answer because it is not the sound a FROG makes .
• SWIM is not the best answer because it is not the sound a FROG makes.
5.
WEALTH : PENNIES :: FEAST : CRUMBS
WEALTH is having lots of money ; the smallest unit of money is PENNIES. A FEAST is having lots of food ; the smallest unit of food is CRUMBS.
• PARTY HATS is not the best answer because it is not the smallest unit of food.
• THANKSGIVING is not the best answer because it is not the smallest unit of food.
• CELEBRATION is not the best answer because it is not the smallest unit of food.
• CRANBERRIES is not the best answer because it is not the smallest unit of food.
6.
ADULT : YOUTH :: BLOSSOM : BUD
A YOUTH grows into an ADULT, as a BUD grows into a BLOSSOM.
• THORN is not the best answer because a THORN does not grow into a BLOSSOM.
• TREE is not the best answer because a TREE does not grow into a BLOSSOM.
• SPROUT is not the best answer because a SPROUT does not grow into a BLOSSOM. A SPROUT typically grows into a plant, not necessarily a BLOSSOM
• FLOWERS is not the best answer because a GARDEN does not grow into a BLOSSOM.

7.
BOOK : SHELVES :: SOCKS : DRAWERS
BOOKS are stored on SHELVES, as SOCKS are stored in DRAWERS.
• FEET is not the best answer because SOCKS are not stored in or on FEET.
• SHOES is not the best answer because SOCKS are not stored in or on SHOES.
• THREAD is not the best answer because SOCKS are not stored in or on THREAD.
• STOCKINGS is not the best answer because SOCKS are not stored in or on STOCKINGS.
8.
CAR : BUS :: CUP : BUCKET
This analogy is based on increasing size or capacity . A BUS holds more people than a CAR, as a BUCKET holds more liquid than a CUP.
• GLASS is not the best answer because a GLASS does not necessarily hold more liquid than a CUP.
• WATER is not the best answer because WATER does not hold more liquid than a CUP.
• SAUCER is not the best answer because a SAUCER does not hold more liquid than a CUP.
• FAUCET is not the best answer because a FAUCET does not hold more liquid than a CUP.
9.
GOLD : GLITTER :: EYES :: SPARKLE
When light shines on GOLD, it GLITTERS. In a similar way, when light shines on EYES, they can SPARKLE.
• LOOK is not the best answer because when light shines on EYES, they do not LOOK.
• STARE is not the best answer because when light shines on EYES, they do not STARE.
• WINK is not the best answer because when light shines on EYES, they do not WINK.
• CRY is not the best answer because when light shines on EYES, they do not CRY.
10.
DAY : YEAR :: PATCH :: QUILT
This is a part : whole analogy. A DAY is a single part of a YEAR (whole), as a PATCH is a single part of a QUILT (whole).
• JEANS is not the best answer because a PATCH is not a single part of JEANS.
• EYE is not the best answer because a PATCH is not a single part of an EYE.
• PLAID is not the best answer because a PATCH is not a single part of a PLAID.
• SQUARE is not the best answer because a PATCH is not a single part of a SQUARE.
11.
PREACHER : SERMON :: TEACHER : LECTURE
A SERMON is a speech given by a PREACHER. A LECTURE is a speech given by a TEACHER.
• HOMEWORK is not the best answer because it is not a speech given by a TEACHER.
• GRADE is not the best answer because it is not a speech given by a TEACHER.
• STUDYING is not the best answer because it is not a speech given by a TEACHER.
• BOOK is not the best answer because it is not a speech given by a TEACHER.
12.
FLOOR : CARPET :: WINDOW : CURTAIN
A CARPET covers a FLOOR, as a CURTAIN covers a WINDOW.
• PANE is not the best answer because it does not cover a WINDOW.
• SHUTTER is not the best answer because while a SHUTTER covers a WINDOW, it covers a WINDOW on the outside of a house. CURTAIN is a better answer because it covers a WINDOW on the inside of a HOUSE the way a
CARPET covers the FLOOR on the inside of a house.
• CEILING is not the best answer because it does not cover a WINDOW.
• LATCH is not the best answer because it does not cover a WINDOW.

13.
FLURRY : BLIZZARD :: WHISPER : SCREAM
This is an analogy based on increasing intensity . A FLURRY is a small amount of snow, while a BLIZZARD is a large amount of snow. In a similar way, a WHISPER is a sound with small volume, while a SCREAM is a sound with large volume.
• SECRET is not the best answer because it is not a sound with large volume.
• SPEECH is not the best answer because it is not a sound with large volume.
• STORY is not the best answer because it is not a sound with large volume.
• ANSWER is not the best answer because it is not a sound with large volume.
14.
GARDEN : PLANTS :: MALL : SHOPS
In a GARDEN, there are usually many different kinds of PLANTS. In a MALL, there are usually many different kinds of
SHOPS.
• ROSES is not the best answer because there are not many different kinds of ROSES in a MALL.
• CLOTHES is not the best answer because although there can be many different kinds of CLOTHES in a MALL, a
SHOP or store is the basic unit of a MALL. Some SHOPS may sell CLOTHES.
• PIZZA is not the best answer because there are not necessarily many different kinds of PIZZA in a MALL.
• CARS is not the best answer because there are not many different kinds of CARS in a MALL. (PARKING LOT :
CARS would fit the analogy.)
15.
COATS : CLOSET :: SPOONS : DRAWER
COATS are typically stored in a CLOSET, as SPOONS are typically stored in a DRAWER.
• LOGS : CABIN is not the best answer because LOGS are not stored in a CABIN.
• CUSHIONS : COUCH is not the best answer because CUSHIONS are part of a COUCH; they are not stored in a
COUCH.
• EGGS : OMELET is not the best answer because EGGS are not stored in an OMELET; they are an ingredient in an
OMELET.
• LETTERS : MAILBOX is not the best answer because LETTERS are not stored in a MAILBOX.
16.
DOG : PAW :: GOAT : HOOF
The foot of a DOG is called a PAW. The foot of a GOAT is called a HOOF.
• SPIDER : LEG is not the best answer because LEG is not the foot of a SPIDER.
• CAT : CLAW is not the best answer because the foot of a CAT is paw, not CLAW.
• ELEPHANT : TOE is not the best answer because the foot of an ELEPHANT is not TOE.
• DUCK : WEBBING is not the best answer because WEBBING is only part of the foot of a DUCK.
17.
BULLET : RIFLE :: STONE : SLINGSHOT
A BULLET is shot from a RIFLE. In the same way, a STONE is shot from a SLINGSHOT.
• BOW : ARROW is not the best answer because a BOW is not shot from an ARROW. (ARROW : BOW would fit the analogy.)
• ROPE : NOOSE is not the best answer because a ROPE is not shot from a NOOSE.
• FUSE : DYNAMITE is not the best answer because a FUSE is not shot from DYNAMITE.
• KNIFE : SWORD is not the best answer because a KNIFE is not shot from a SWORD.
18.
EXHAUST PIPE : CAR :: CHIMNEY : FIREPLACE
Fumes from a CAR are released through the EXHAUST PIPE. In a similar way, fumes from a FIREPLACE are released through the CHIMNEY.
• FAUCET : SINK is not the best answer because fumes from a SINK are not released through a FAUCET.
• HANDLEBAR : BICYCLE is not the best answer because fumes from a BICYCLE are not released through a
HANDLEBAR.
• PILLOW : BED is not the best answer because fumes from a BED are not released through a PILLOW.
• SPIGOT : HOSE is not the best answer because fumes from a HOSE are not released through a SPIGOT.

19.
MILDEW : WALL :: RUST : PIPE
When water corrodes a WALL, it produces MILDEW. When water corrodes a PIPE, it produces RUST.
• CRUMBS : FLOOR is not the best answer because CRUMBS are not produced when water corrodes a FLOOR.
• PICTURE : FRAME is not the best answer because PICTURE is not produced when water corrodes a FRAME.
• ASH : FIREPLACE is not the best answer because ASH is not produced when water corrodes a FIREPLACE.
• DUST : WINDOW is not the best answer because DUST is not produced when water corrodes a WINDOW.
20.
IGNITE : DAMPEN :: INSPIRE : DISCOURAGE
This is an analogy based on opposing actions and the second pair of the term undoes the action of the first term. To start a fire, you IGNITE it; to stop a fire, you DAMPEN it. In a similar way, to encourage someone or something is to INSPIRE, while to not encourage is to DISCOURAGE.
• PLANT : HARVEST is not the best answer because HARVEST is not the opposite of PLANT; HARVEST is an action that comes after PLANT.
• COMBINE : SEPARATE is not the best answer because you cannot always undo (or SEPARATE) things that have been COMBINED (e.g., cocoa powder and milk).
• LAUGH : CRY is not the best answer because although they are opposites, CRY does not undo LAUGH.
• ACCUSE : DEFEND is not the best answer because although they are opposites, DEFEND does not undo ACCUSE.
21.
BOOK : CHAPTER :: PIE : WEDGE
This is a part : whole analogy where the second term of the pair is a division of the first term. A CHAPTER is a division of a
BOOK as a WEDGE is a division of a PIE.
• BRANCH : TREE is not the best answer because TREE is not a division of BRANCH.
• ANIMAL : DOG is not the best answer because DOG is not a division of ANIMAL.
• SNAKE : WORM is not the best answer because WORM is not a division of SNAKE.
• DOOR : WINDOW is not the best answer because WINDOW is not a division of DOOR.
22.
TEASE : JOKES :: FIGHT : SWORDS
This is an analogy based on action : tool . When you TEASE, you may use JOKES as weapons. In a similar way, when you
FIGHT, you may use SWORDS as weapons.
• SKI : MOUNTAIN is not the best answer because MOUNTAIN is not a weapon you use to SKI.
• LAUGH : TEARS is not the best answer because TEARS are not a weapon you use to LAUGH.
• FALL : STAIRS is not the best answer because STAIRS are not a weapon you use to FALL.
• APPLAUD : PRIZES is not the best answer because PRIZES are not a weapon you use to APPLAUD.
23.
MOON : CRATER :: ROAD : POTHOLE
A CRATER is a hole in the surface of the MOON. In a similar way, a POTHOLE is a hole in the surface of a ROAD.
• HILL : VALLEY is not the best answer because VALLEY is not a hole in the surface of a HILL.
• MOUNTAIN : PEAK is not the best answer because PEAK is not a hole in the surface of a MOUNTAIN.
• SAUCER : BOWL is not the best answer because BOWL is not a hole in the surface of a SAUCER.
• SUN : HALO is not the best answer because HALO is not a hole in the surface of a SUN.
24.
TANK : OIL :: BOX : MARBLES
A TANK is a container used to store OIL. A BOX is a container used to store MARBLES.
• CAR : GARAGE is not the best answer because a CAR is not a container used to store a GARAGE.
• WASHING MACHINE : CLOTHES is not the best answer because a WASHING MACHINE is not a container used to store CLOTHES.
• ROCK : QUARRY is not the best answer because ROCK is not a container used to store QUARRY.
• STRAW : MILK is not the best answer because STRAW is not a container used to store MILK.

25.
WORK : RECESS :: FIGHT : TRUCE
RECESS is a break from WORKING. In a similar way, a TRUCE is a break from FIGHTING.
• VACATION : SCHOOL is not the best answer because SCHOOL is not a break from VACATION. (SCHOOL :
VACATION would fit the analogy.)
• HEADACHE : ASPIRIN is not the best answer because ASPIRIN is not a break from a HEADACHE.
• CRIME : PUNISHMENT is not the best answer because PUNISHMENT is not a break from CRIME.
• MUSIC : HORN is not the best answer because HORN is not a break from MUSIC.
26.
SOW : SEEDS :: SPREAD : RUMORS
When you SOW SEEDS, you spread or scatter them. In a similar way, RUMORS grow when they are SPREAD.
• EAT : VEGETABLES is not the best answer because you do not spread or scatter VEGETABLES to EAT them.
• CATCH : FISH is not the best answer because you do not spread or scatter FISH to CATCH them..
• MEND : SOCKS is not the best answer because you do not spread or scatter SOCKS to MEND them.
• BAKE : BREAD is not the best answer because you do not spread or scatter BREAD to BAKE it.
27.
FIRE : LIGHT :: CAR : START
When you LIGHT a FIRE, you start it or get it going. In a similar way, when you START a CAR, you get it going.
• TRIP : PLAN is not the best answer because to PLAN a TRIP is not the same as to start a TRIP.
• RUMOR : KILL is not the best answer because you do not KILL a RUMOR to get it going.
• WINDOW : SHUT is not the best answer because you do not SHUT a WINDOW to get it going.
• PLATE : WASH is not the best answer because you do not WASH a PLATE to get it going.
28.
DIAMOND : FAKE :: DOLLAR : COUNTERFEIT
If a DIAMOND is not real, it is called FAKE. In a similar way, a DOLLAR that is not real is called COUNTERFEIT.
§ SONG : OFF-KEY is not the best answer because a SONG that is not real is not called OFF-KEY.
§ RUBY : EXPENSIVE is not the best answer because a RUBY that is not real is not called EXPENSIVE.
§ PICTURE : COPIED is not the best answer because a PICTURE that is not real is not called COPIED. (PICTURE
: FORGERY would fit the analogy.)
§ BRACELET : LOST is not the best answer because a BRACELET that is not real is not called LOST.
29.
DISEASE : VACCINATION :: GUNSHOT : BULLETPROOF VEST
A VACCINATION is intended to provide protection from DISEASE. In a similar way, a BULLETPROOF VEST is intended to provide protection from a GUNSHOT.
§ FLU : MEDICINE is not the best answer because MEDICINE is used to treat FLU, not provide protection from the
FLU. (FLU : FLU SHOT would fit the analogy.)
§ DARK CURTAINS : SUNLIGHT is not the best answer because SUNLIGHT does not provide protection from
DARK CURTAIN. (SUNLIGHT : DARK CURTAINS could fit the analogy.)
§ RASH : ALLERGY is not the best answer because ALLERGY does not provide protection from a RASH.
§ COLD : PNEUMOIA is not the best answer because PNEUMONIA does not provide protection from a COLD.
30.
CLOTHES : PERSON :: SAILS : SHIP
CLOTHES are made of cloth and adorn a PERSON. In a similar way, SAILS are made of cloth and adorn a SHIP.
• FLOWERS : GARDEN is not the best answer because FLOWERS are not made of cloth.
• WINDOWS : HOUSE is not the best answer because WINDOWS are not made of cloth.
• BARK : TREE is not the best answer because BARK is not made of cloth.
• SHOES : STORE is not the best answer because while SHOES can be made of cloth, their purpose is to protect feet, not adorn a STORE.