Understand Bay Area Problems
Bay Area Faults
Earth
Material
Transportation
routes
BART
Landslides
Liquefaction
Flooding
Fires
1906
Kobe, 1995
1989, Loma Prieta
In addition:
• Power outages: (10 days in New Orleans)
• Loss of immediate emergency services
• Loss of local communication
Hayward fault earthquake
• Potential of a M7
earthquake
• 2 ½ million people live
in close proximity
• Unconsolidated
sediments and bay
mud
• Transportation lines
• Directly through urban
areas
Catastrophe
• Is partially defined when the disaster is so
large that all forms of emergency plans fail
• Innovative and non-linear ideas are needed
• Government cannot always respond in this
manner
• Martial law-1906 earthquake
• “Looters” apprehended while victims were
without help- Katrina
Katrina
• August-December 16,000 people
displaced
• 1000 schools gone
• 41/2 million cubic yards of debris
• 815 million dollars of public assistance
• 10 days for PG&E to reestablish service
• People tend to help
each other
• Government is afraid
of losing control
• Looters: shoot to kill
Government Assistance-Recovery:
1906 earthquake
Breakfast, March 11th, 1933
2000 Sailors and Marines helped in the aftermath
San Simeon
Earthquake
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Mw 6.5
12/22/03
Reverse fault
Hypocenter: 12 miles
MM VIII
2 fatalities
San Simeon Earthquake
• Declared a state emergency –December
27th
• Federally eligible funds for rental
assistance and home repairs- $68 million
• Small business bureau- $5 million
• OES- dealing with Southern Ca firestorm
and Homeland Security
• 2500 people visited FEMA centers
San Simeon Earthquake
• Need for Mutual Aid
Resources to coordinate
money distribution
• Cell-phone compliance
with building code
• Improve building codes
• URM structures must
post sign warning of
danger
Search and Rescue
• Urban Search and
Rescue system
• 27 teams
• Funded by FEMA
• Each team has 62
specialists
• medical personnel,
structural engineers,
canines
Search and Rescue
• Trained and certified
• know how to safely go
into collapsed
structures and
systematically search
an area
• locate trapped people
and let the handler
know
Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
• A state, local or tribal government shall
develop a plan and submit the plan to
the Federal government for approval
ABAG’S Local Hazard Mitigation
Plan
• Public policies: potential
hazards
• Fulfill the requirements of the
Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
• Funded by FEMA
Recovery in the United States
• Federal Government-Homeland
Security and Federal Emergency
Management Agency
• State Government- Office of Emergency
Services
• Local Government- County and City
Federal Government
• Federal Government-Homeland Security and
Federal Emergency Management Agency
• President declares the area a national disaster
• Distributes emergency money and accepts
applications for low cost loans
• May work with up to 28 other federal agencies
– Department of energy
– Small business bureau
– Department of agriculture
Federal Government
• Provides the initial emergency response
through its service agencies
• Activates the Emergency Operations
Center and the Emergency Operations
Plan
• Coordinates the response with public and
private organizations
• Activates mutual aid
State Government
• Reviews and evaluates the local situation
• Determines whether the situation is
beyond the capability of the State to
handle
• Proclaims a state of emergency
• Requests Federal assistance
State Government
• Office of Emergency Services
• Disaster response- gathering of accurate
disaster damage data for the Governor
and President
• Recovery- help direct funds and help
where needed
• 6 regions
• Emergency training
Office of Emergency Services
• San Jose
PREPARED
• Local chapter of state
agency to provide
education, training
and support to
individuals and
emergency response
teams
The Red Cross
• Chartered by Congress in 1905
• national and international relief
• disaster relief includes shelter, food, health
and mental health services
• assistance is given to help people resume
their normal activities
• provides blood
American Red Cross
• Feeds emergency workers
• helps people outside a disaster area
obtain information about individuals
located within a disaster area
• relies on volunteers
• education and preparation
• responds to more than 67,000
disasters/year
Human impact
Personal messages posted on van
at Emergency Center.
Loma Prieta earthquake, 1989
Photo credit: C.E.
Meyer, U.S.
Geological Survey
Recovery: developing countries
• Dependent on international aid: private
and government organizations
• Sumatra earthquake and tsunami, 2004
• Pakistan earthquake, 2005
• China earthquake, 2009
• Haiti earthquake, 2010
• Chile earthquake, 2010
Evaluation of Structures
Turning off the gas
• Turn the valve with a
wrench or special tool
• The off position
shows the valve
perpendicular to the
pipe
• turn 1/4 of a turn
Personal Preparedness
• Emergency plans
• Eliminate non-structural hazards
• Prepare emergency supplies: home and
car
• Understand possible hazards in Bay
Area depending on location of epicenter
• Understand hazards at locations
• Understand possible scenarios: work;
school; home
• Know what to do when shaking ends
Thank-you, for a great
semester!
• Know where the nearest fault is at home,
work or school
• Be aware of the surroundings, at all times
• Have an emergency route planned back to
home before the earthquake occur
• Communicate an emergency plan with family
members or roommates
• Have food, water and medical supplies on
hand
• Best wishes to survive the next earthquake!