Western Civilization – Unit 5 Study Guide
Nineteenth Century Europe; Congress of Vienna; Industrial Revolution; German & Italian unification
The following are items with which you should be familiar and about which you should be able to speak
intelligently in order to succeed on the forthcoming test. Study them well as you prepare; look them up if you are
unsure; ask if you cannot find out.
Dates
Battle of Waterloo =
Congress of Vienna =
The Year of the Liberal Revolutions =
Age of Reaction =
Italian unification with Rome =
Wars of German unification =
–
Years when Bismarck ran the show =
–
Beginning of Industrial Revolution = ca.
People
Napoleon Bonaparte
Louis Philippe = citizen king
Guiseppe Garibaldi
William (Wilhelm) I
William II
Karl Marx
Klaus von Metternich
Camillo di Cavour
Pope Pius IX – prisoner of Rome
Otto von Bismarck
Adam Smith
Eli Whitney
Terms and other items
Congress of Vienna
Nationalism
Liberalism
Restoration of monarchs (old order) post-Vienna
Balance of Power
Punishment of France
Quadruple Alliance (Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia) + Holy Alliance ---- the two were the UN of the day
Cracks in the system – 1) 1830 Revolution in France + 2) 1848-49 Revolutions all over Europe (all fail)
First attempt at unified Italy – 1848 fails
Second attempt at Italian unification eventually succeeds
German Confederation of 1815 (no more H.R.E.)
Zollverein, 1834
1848 liberal revolution in Germany fails – results?
Realpolitik, “Blood and Iron”
3 Obstacles to German unification (Aus., Fr., people)
Danish War, Seven Weeks War, Franco-Prussian War
Treaty of Frankfurt – punishment of France
Second Reich
Kulturkampf
Resignation of Bismarck
Agricultural Revolution
Industrial Revolution
Enclosure Movement (1700s)
Conditions favoring industrialization (3 FoPs + incentive)
Urbanization
Wealth of Nations (1776) & Communist Manifesto (1848)
Laissez Faire = Let it Alone
Entrepreneurs, owners, inventors vs. proletariat
Imperialism - colonies and raw materials
socialism and rise of proletariat
Labor unions as response to working conditions
other impacts of industrial revolution
Other things that you need to know for the test
1. Two major themes of the Post-Vienna Europe.
2. Two things that the Congress of Vienna wanted to make sure were stamped out.
3. Two revolutions that indicated the cracks in the system. Who fled the 1848 Revolution in Austria?
4. Two major efforts at unification of Italy and the leaders of each.
5. The way Bismarck manipulated countries to get his way in unifying Germany under Prussian rule. (Realpolitik.)
6. Did Bismarck like war since after all he fought three of them in 7 years?
7. Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England?
8. Where did the resources, labor and capital come from to industrialize England?
9. What are some good and bad effects of the Industrial Revolution?