Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Section 1: The
Essential Question:
How did the Hebrews defend
themselves __________
_______________________?
Early Hebrews
The Big Idea:
Originally desert nomads. The
Hebrews established a great nation
called _____________.
If you were there…You and your family are herders, looking for
large flocks of sheep. You grandfather is the leader of your tribe. One day
your grandfather says your whole family will be moving to a new country
where there is more food and water for your flocks. The trip will be long and
difficult.
How do you feel about moving to a far away land?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Main Ideas
 Abraham and Moses each ________________________
______________________________________________.
 Strong kings united _____________________________.
 Invaders conquered and ruled the Israelites_________
______________________________________________.
 _____________________________________society
made great contributions to their history.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Abraham and Moses Led their People
Between 2000 and 1500 BC, a new people appeared in Southwest Asia, they were
the Hebrews, ancestors of the Israelites. The Israelites were _________________.
Much of what is known about the Israelites comes
from accounts written by scribes on their early
history and the _______________________, their
religion. In time, these accounts became the
_____________________________.
The Hebrew Bible traces back to a man named Abraham. One day god spoke to
Abraham and told him to leave his land. God promised the new land would make his
people into a mighty nation. Moses left Mesopotamia and settled in Canaan. Later
many moved to Egypt perhaps because of famine in Canaan. As the Israelites lived
well in Egypt, The ___________, feared they would take over, so me made them slaves.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
The Exodus
According to the Hebrew Bible, A leader named __________
went to the Pharaoh and demanded that the Israelites be
_________. Moses claimed God told him to lead his people
out of Egypt. Soon a serious of plagues or disasters struck
Egypt. The Pharaoh was frightened by the plagues so he
_______________________________________________.
Overjoyed with this news, Moses led his people out of
Egypt in a journey back to Canaan called the ___________.
During their journey God gave Moses two stone tablets.
On the stone tablets was written the moral code known
as the ___________________________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Kings Unite the Israelites
In the mid 1000s BC the Philistines invaded the Israelites’ lands. The
Israelites' banded together to support a ___________________ that
would lead them.
________________was a sheep herder
that the Hebrew Bible tells us how he
slew the giant ____________. David
was admired for his military skills
and he used his support to become
king. King David established the
capital of Israel in ________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
David’s son, ______________took
the throne about 965 BC. Like his
father he was a strong king. He
expanded the kingdom. He built
the great temple to God
in______________________. This
temple became a symbol of the
Israelites ____________________.
Finding the Main Idea- Why did the Israelites unite under a king?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Invaders Conquer and Rule
After Solomon’s death about 930 BC, revolts broke out about who would
be the next king. Israel spit into two kingdoms, called _________________
__________________. The two kingdoms were defeated by the Assyrians
and the people of Israel dispersed. Later the __________________defeated
the Jews and Judah lasted no longer.
The Chaldeans destroyed Solomon’s temple and
forced the Jews to work as ____________. In the 50s
BC a people called the Persians conquered the
Chaldeans and let the Jews return to Jerusalem.
Many never took the opportunity to return. Others
scattered over other parts of the _______________
___________________________________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Invaders Conquer and Rule
Scholars call the dispersal of Jews outside of Israel and Judah the
_________________________________________.
Independence and Conquest
Tired of foreign rule, a Jewish family called the
__________________ led a successful revolt in the 160s BC. For
a hundred years the Jews were ruled by their own king until the
Jews were again conquered by the ______________. The
Romans heavily taxed the Jews. They had no respect for Jewish
religious beliefs. The Romans forced the Jews to worship the
____________________________. This was too much for the
Jews to bear so they called upon to revolt against the Romans.
Reading Check-Summarizing: How did Roman rule affect Jewish society?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Women in Israelite Society
Israelite society was dominated by
men. Women had to obey their
_____________________________. A
women could not choose her husband
or own property. Queen __________
and _______________ saved people
from their enemies. Other women
such as Miriam, became spiritual
leaders.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Section 2: Jewish
Essential Question:
How did the _________
defend themselves and
maintain their beliefs?
Beliefs and Texts
The Big Idea:
The central ideas and laws of ______________
are contained in sacred texts such as the
________________________.
If you were there…You live in a small town in ancient Israel. Some
people in your town treat strangers very badly. But you have been taught to
be fair and kind to everyone, including strangers. One day, you tell one of
your neighbors he should be kinder to strangers. He asks you why you feel
this way.
How will you explain your belief in kindness?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Main Ideas
 Beliefs in God, education, _________________________
anchor Jewish society.
 Jewish beliefs are listed in the _______________, the
Hebrew Bible, and the Commentaries.
 The ___________________ reveal many past Jewish
beliefs.
 The ideas of Judaism have __________________________
_____________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Jewish Beliefs Anchor Their Society
___________________
is the foundation upon
which the Jews base
their whole society. The
central ideas of Judaism
are beliefs in God,
________________,
justice, and obedience.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Belief in One God
Most importantly, Jews believe in one ________.
The belief in one god is called _________________ .
In an ancient world where most people worshipped many gods, the
Jews’ worship of only one God set them apart. This worship also
shaped Jewish society. The Jews believed that God had guided their
history through relationships with _________________________,
Moses and other leaders.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Belief in Education
Teaching the Jewish children the basics of Judaism has always
been important in Jewish society. Older boys, not girls, studied
with professional teachers to learn their religion. Even today,
education and study are ___________________________________.
Justice and Righteousness
The Jews believed in ________________________in
dealing with other people. This includes helping the
poor, sick and the orphans. Jews are also expected
to be fair in business dealings.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Observance of Religious Moral Law
Jews believe that God gave them laws to follow. The most important
Jewish laws are the___________________________. The Jews believe
this is only part of Jewish law. Jews believe that Moses recorded a whole
system of Jewish laws called ____________________. Mosaic law guided
Jews’ daily lives. For example, Mosaic law governed how people prayed
and celebrate holidays. The laws forbid the Jews to work on holidays or
the _______________, the seventh day of the week. Mosaic laws
determined the rules for eating food and preparing food. For example,
Jews can not eat pork or shellfish. Many Jewish communities today
follow strict Mosaic law.
Reading Check-What are the most important beliefs in Judaism?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Texts List Jewish Beliefs
The laws of Judaism are described in several sacred texts, or
writings
Ancient Jews recorded their laws and history in five books called
the _____________________, the most sacred text of Judaism.
Readings from the Torah are central to Jewish religious services
today in every _____________________or Jewish house of worship.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
The Hebrew Bible
The __________ is the first part of group of writings
called the Hebrew Bible Tanakh (tah-NAHK.) The
second part is made up of eight books that describes the
messages of Jewish prophets.
____________ are people who are said to receive messages from
God to be _____________________
__________________________________________.
The final part of the Hebrew Bible is eleven books of poetry, songs,
lessons, and history. The final part also contains proverbs and
short expressions of ________________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Commentaries
For centuries scholars have studied the bible. Because some laws
were hard to understand, the scholars wrote commentaries to help
explain them.
Commentaries about everyday life from the
bible are contained in the ______________.
Will you join the rebellion? Why or why not?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Scrolls Reveal Past Beliefs
The _______________________
were writings by the Jews 2,000
years ago. The scrolls contained
prayers, commentaries, letters, and
passages from the Hebrew Bible.
Readings from ___________ helped
historians find about the
__________ Jews during this time.
Reading Check- What did the Dead Sea Scrolls contain?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Judaism and Later Cultures
For centuries Judaism has influenced many cultures.
Judaism helped shape the largest religion in modern
society, __________________. Jesus’ teachings were
based on the Jewish religion. The first people to adopt
_____________ were descendants from Abraham and
followed the Jewish religion. The Ten
___________________ became a guide to many
people in running the way they should live. Helping
the needy through charity was a concept largely
based on ____________________ teachings.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Section 3: Judaism
Essential Question:
How did the ____________
defend themselves and
maintain their beliefs?
Over the Centuries
The Big Idea:
Although many Jews were forced out of ____________
by the Romans, shared beliefs and customs helped the
Jews maintain their _____________ .
If you were there… Foreign soldiers have taken over your
homeland forcing you to obey their laws. So, some people are urging you to
stand up and fight for freedom. But your conquerors come from a huge,
powerful __________. If your people revolt, you have little chance of winning.
Will join the rebellion? Why or why not?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Main Ideas
 Revolt, defeat, and migration led into great changes
in _______________________.
 Because Jews settled in different parts of the world,
two ________________________formed.
 Jewish traditions and ____________ days celebrate
_______________________ and religion.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Revolt, Defeat, and Migration
The Jews in Jerusalem had grown tired of foreign rule. Many
Jews thought they could revolt and re-create the kingdom of
Israel.
A group of Jews called the ____________, led the Jews in a revolt
against the Romans.
The Jews lost the battle and the Romans burned
down the ____________________. After the temple
was destroyed the Jews surrendered and became
Roman ________________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Results of the Revolt
The Romans killed many of the Jews as
punishment and took the surviving Jews to
Rome to be slaves. Some Jewish people
escaped and moved to other Jewish
communities outside of _________________
in the Roman empire. A second revolt against
the Romans, buy the Jews was crushed by the
______________. Any Jews caught in the city
were killed so the Jews ______________
throughout the Mediterranean.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Migration and Discrimination
Without a temple, ____________, or religious
_______________, took on an important role in
guiding the Jews in their religious lives.
Rabbis shaped how Judaism was practiced for the next few
centuries. Over the centuries, Jews moved out of the
______________________region to other parts of the world. Jews
were ________________________against by many other religious
groups. They eventually settled in Asia, Russia, and much later the
United States. As you read earlier, this dispersal around the word
was called the _______________________.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Traditions and Holy Days
The Jews felt that by celebrating holidays it
would help them understand and celebrate their
history.
Chanukah (Hanukkah)
A Jewish tradition that honors the rededication of the second
temple during the revolt of the ______________________________.
According to a legend, the Maccabees didn’t have enough ______ to
perform the rededication ceremony of the temple. Miraculously, the
oil they had-enough to burn on day- burned ___________ full days.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Passover
More important than Chanukah, ________________was a time the
Jews remember the ________________,
the journey of the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt.
According to Jewish tradition, the
Israelites left so quickly that the
bakers didn’t have time to let their
bread rise. Therefore Jews only eat
___________________ on Passover.
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
High Holy Days
The _______________________are the two most
sacred of all Jewish holy days.
They take place in September and October. The first holiday is
__________________________, the Jewish New Year. The second holiday,
____________________, in which Jews ask for forgiveness from their
sins. On Yom Kippur, Jewish people fast for an entire day. Modern day
Jews hold services for these holidays in a _________________ during
these holy days.
Reading Check- Finding Main Ideas-What name is given to the two most
important Jewish Holy Days?
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.
Flag of Israel
Common Core Standard: Reading Informational Texts R.I.8.2, Key Ideas and Details. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its
development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text.