ARAUZ, FERNANDO
DE GRACIA, KATHERINE
FRESA, SIMEON
IBARRA, ANA
VARGAS, MANUEL
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
GENERALITIES
RESPIRATORY
TRACT
UPPER TRACT
LOWER TRACT
SPECIFIC
FUNCTIONS
MECHANISM
OF BREATHING
RESPIRATORY
DISEASES
1. WHAT IS THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?
2. WHICH ORGANS COMPOSE IT?
3. WHICH IS THE MAIN FUNCTION OF
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?
RESPYRATORY SYSTEM
1.
2.
DEFINITION AND FAST VIEW
RESPIRATORY TRACT´S ANATOMY
a)
b)
3.
SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
4.
GAS EXCHANGE
VOCALIZATION
DEFENSE
EXCRETION
pH REGULATION
PULMONARY VENTILATION
a)
b)
5.
UPER TRACT
LOWER TRACT
EXTERNAL RESPIRATION
INTERNAL RESPIRATION
RESPIRATORY DISEASES
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
COMMON COLD
RHINITIS
PHARYNGITIS
PNEUMONIA
ASTHMA
Upper
Respiratory
Tract
Structure
Functions
Nasal
cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Functions
Anatomy
Anatomy
Anatomy
Interesting
facts
Functions
Structure
upper
lower
Function
Driving area (filter,
heat, humidify the
air and brings it to
the lungs)
Respiratory tract
(tissue inside the
lungs where gas
exchange occurs
Function 1: produce
mucus
Resonance chambers
for sound when we
talk.
Function 2:
Heating,
humidification and
filtration of inhaled
air.
Coated with
skeletal
muscle and
mucosa
Funnel
shaped
canal.
• 13 cm long
• Through
passage of
air and
food
It is divided into
three regions:
nasopharynx
oropharynx and
laryngopharynx
The most
important
arytenoid
(influence
changes in
position and
tension of the
vocal folds).
Connect the
laryngopharynx
to the trachea.
Made up of 9
pieces of
cartilage
ALVEOLUS
TRACHEA
BRONCHEOLES
LUNGS
BRONCHI
LARYNX
20 HIALINE
CARTILAGE
RINGS
2- 2.5 cm
DIAMETER
TRACHEA
CARRYING AIR
BRONCHI
10-11 cm
LENGTH
1. Trachea
2. Main bronchus
3. Lobar bronchus
4. Segmental bronchus
5. Bronchiole
6. Alveolar duct
7. Alveolus
ESSENTIAL
RESPIRATORY
ORGAN
2 TISSUE SACS
LUNGS
THE RIGTH IS
BIGGER THAN
LEFT
TRANSPORT
OXYGEN FROM
THE ATMOSPHERE
2 LOBES
MEDIASTINE
3 LOBES
TO INCREASE
THE
EXCHANGE
AREA
ELASTIC
FIBERS
IT ARE
CONNECTED
TO
ALVEOLAR
CONDUCT
HERE TAKE
PLACE THE
GAS
EXCHANGE
1) Gas exchange
2) Vocalization
3) Excretion
4) Defense
5) pH regulation
1) It provides oxygen to the bloodstream
and removes carbon dioxide
2) It enables sound production or vocalization as
expired air passes over the vocal cords.
3) It assists in abdominal compression during
urination, defecation, and childbirth.
4) It enables protective barriers, like the coughing
and sneezing, to keep the air ways free of
strange agents.
5) CO2 reacts with H2O into the organism to
become bicarbonate which prevents a state
of acidosis in the body.
Pulmonary
Ventilation
Internal
respiration
External
respiration
Gas
Transport
• The air should enter and exit to
the lung.
• Is a mechanical process.
• Is renamed respiration
Back
• Gas exchange
take place to
between to
alveoli and
pulmonary blood
What
happens?
Differences
• Carbon dioxide:
dark red blood
• Oxygen: scarlet
river
• Oxygen
uptake by
hemoglobin
Back
oxygen and carbon
dioxide
travel
through the blood
Gas
transport
oxygen
binds
to
hemoglobin
mo
lecules,
carbon dioxide is
transported in plasma
as
bicarbonate ion
Back
gas exchange must
be
made
between
blood
and tissue cells.
Back
COLD
Symptoms
Rhinitis
Infectious
Nonallergic
Allergic
Acute and
chronic
bacterial
infection
Runny nose that
is not due to
allegy
Allergy by
polen, animal
dander, dust,
etc
Rhinorrhea,
cough,
congestion,
headache
Inflammatory
Non-inflammatory
Itching,
swelling, mucus
production
Associated with
Infectious agents
Typical symptoms
Typical symptoms
Treatment