Device Cooperation for M2M Communications
IEEE 802.16 Presentation Submission Template (Rev. 9)
Document Number:
IEEE C802.16p-10/0004r1
Date Submitted:
2010-11-04
Source:
Kyujin Park, HanGyu Cho, Jin Lee, Kiseon Ryu, JinSam Kwak
Email: {kyujin.park, hg.cho} @lge.com
LG Electronics
Re:
Project Planning Committee's Session #69 WG Closing Plenary Report (IEEE 802.16ppc-10/0014)
Venue:
IEEE Session #70
Base Contribution:
IEEE 802.16ppc-10/0011r2
Purpose:
To be discussed and adopted by TGp.
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Preliminaries - What is device cooperation?
WWAN link (e.g. 802.16m)
WWAN BS
WWAN link
D2D link
 Device cooperation is a technique to exploit D2D(Device-to-Device) link in
addition to the existing WWAN link for the following benefits.
• Capacity enhancement
• Reduction of power consumption
 Related terminologies
• Source device: The end device whom the data traffic to the BS is generated
from or the data traffic generated from the BS is targeting for
• Cooperative device: The device who helps the source device(s) in UL or the
BS in DL by relaying or co-transmitting data and control information
• Network lifetime: Duration of time until the first node (device) failure due to
battery depletion
Preliminaries - Device cooperation modes
 Mobile relaying
•
A cooperative device performs the functionality of a RS(Relay Station). A cooperative device
forwards the data of a source device to the BS. For example, the source device send data traffic to
the cooperative device through D2D link at T1, and the cooperative device send it to the BS at T2
as shown in Fig. 1. Additionally, a concept of group anchor where an anchor device collects data
traffic from multiple source devices and forwards it to the BS, can be another example of mobile
relaying.
 Cooperative transmission
•
Both of a cooperative device and a source device transmit data traffic of a source device to the BS.
In this mode, the data traffic of the source device is shared with the cooperative device through
the D2D link transmission in advance, and then the shared data traffic is transmitted to the BS
from the source and cooperative device jointly. For example, the source device send data to the
cooperative device at T1, and both of the source and cooperative devices transmit the data to the
BS simultaneously at T2 as shown in Fig. 2.
Cooperative device
Cooperative device
T2
T2
T1
T1
BS
BS
T2
Source device
(a) Mobile relaying
(b) Group anchor
Fig. 1. Mobile relaying
Source device
Fig. 2. Cooperative transmission
Motivation
 IEEE 802.16p PAR scope
• This amendment specifies IEEE Std 802.16 medium access control (MAC)
enhancements and minimal orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)
Physical Layer (PHY) modifications in licensed bands to support ① lower power
consumption at the device, ② support by the base station of significantly
larger numbers of devices, efficient support for small burst transmissions, and
improved device authentication.
 For ① and ②, device cooperation is promising for M2M from the perspective of
 M2M requirements
• Low power consumption at the device
• Cost-effective M2M device
 M2M features
•
•
•
Low or no mobility
Time tolerant data transmission
Infrequent small data transmission
 M2M applications
•
•
Smart Grid
Sensors (e.g. disaster, climate, flood, trash can, etc.)
 More specifically,
 Mobile relaying can be beneficial for ①
 Group anchor can be beneficial for ① and ②
Motivation
 In this contribution, we assume that
① Device cooperation among M2M devices is considered only for fixed M2M devices(i.e.
M2M devices with no mobility).
② The application scenario of device cooperation is mainly focused on UL case to reduce
M2M device transmit power consumption. The necessity of device cooperation for DL
case is FFS.
Advantages of M2M Device Cooperation
① To increase network lifetime by resolving unbalanced power consumption among
fixed M2M devices
•
•
For fixed M2M devices, the energy consumption and relevant battery lifetime of each M2M device
will be different depending on the geometry of the devices even if the M2M devices are same type
of devices (with same battery equipped) which are deployed by a same user(or service provider)
because of the difference of path-loss and relevant Tx power required.
The energy required for UL transmission of given data traffic will be much higher for cell-edge
M2M devices than near-cell M2M devices and the battery of cell-edge M2M devices will be depleted
much faster. Therefore, the battery of cell-edge M2M devices needs to be replaced much
frequently comparing with the near-cell M2M devices and it can be undesirable for M2M
users(services providers).
L1
Near-cell M2M device
L2
IEEE 802.16p BS
L1 << L2
L1 : pathloss between near-cell M2M device and BS
Cell-edge M2M device
L2: pathloss between cell-edge M2M device and BS
Advantages of M2M Device Cooperation
① To increase network lifetime by resolving unbalanced power consumption among
fixed M2M devices (cont’d)
•
Device cooperation can be a candidate solution for this power unbalancing among fixed M2M
devices deployed by a same user(service provider) as shown in the following figure.
L1
L3
Near-cell M2M device
L2
IEEE 802.16p BS
L1, L3 << L2
Cell-edge M2M device
L1 : pathloss between near-cell M2M device and BS
7
L2: pathloss between cell-edge M2M device and BS
L3: pathloss between near-cell and cell-edge M2M devices
Advantages of M2M Device Cooperation
② Battery lifetime extension for battery-limited M2M devices
•
•
Device cooperation can be also exploited for battery lifetime extension for battery limited M2M
devices. As an example, a nearby M2M device with power source can relay the UL transmission of
battery-limited M2M device which result in path-loss gain and reduced power consumption for UL
transmission for the battery-limited M2M device.
A group anchor device which may have a power source can also gather the data traffics of nearby
battery limited M2M devices and forward them to the BS.
M2M device with power source
X
IEEE 802.16p BS
Battery-limited M2M device
8
Advantages of M2M Device Cooperation
③ Support of larger number of M2M devices
•
Group anchor can enable efficient group control and data transmission of multiple M2M devices
④ Efficient power usage from device perspective
•
•
Device cooperation using multi-RAT would require more power consumption on the source and
cooperative devices than the single-RAT device cooperation because of the multi-RAT operation.
Moreover, IEEE 802.11 WLAN is based on the contention based multiple access scheme which is
not so power-efficient.
Therefore, single-RAT device cooperation will be more appropriate for the purpose of reducing
device power consumption efficiently.
⑤ Cost effectiveness from device perspective
•
A device supporting single-RAT device cooperation does not require multi-RAT modems.
Proposed Text on IEEE 802.16ppc-10/0011r2
[Insert the following text in Section 3 of IEEE 802.16ppc-10/0011r2 ]
-Device collaboration: A technique where a certain device helps the other device’s
transmission
[Insert the following text in Section 6.1 of IEEE 802.16ppc-10/0011r2 ]
-6.1.5 The 802.16p system shall support device collaboration without defining a
new 16p pier-to-pier connection
[Replace fig. (a) in Section 5.4 of IEEE 802.16ppc-10/0011r2 with the following
figure]
- 5.4 802.16p M2M Reference System Architecture
MNO (Mobile Network Operator)
Access Service
Network
IEEE 802.16
Non M2M
device
Non IEEE
802.16
M2M device
IEEE 802.16
M2M device
R1
R1
M2M
Server
IEEE
802.16 BS
IEEE 802.16
M2M device
R1
R1
IEEE 802.16
M2M device
Connectivity
Service Network
M2M
Service
Consumer