A human rights-based approach to reducing child mortality and morbidity
A snapshot of World Vision’s contribution
INTRODUCTION
This brief is submitted to the Human Rights Council (HRC) pursuant to the resolution A/HRC/27/31, which
outlines a technical guidance for state and non-state actors on the application of a human rights-based approach
to the implementation of policies and programmes to reduce and eliminate preventable mortality and morbidity
of children under 5 years of age.1
The technical guidance report was developed by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
(OHCHR), in close partnership with the World Health Organisation (WHO), governments, non-state actors
and civil society. World Vision played a role in shaping the technical guidance report by providing input and
consultation on best practices and programming in reducing and eliminating mortality and morbidity of children
under 5 years of age.
2015 was a crucial year in setting priorities and objectives related to children’s health and well-being with the
adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the updated Global Strategy for Women’s,
Children’s and Adolescents’ Health in September 2015. World Vision believes that sustainable development
starts and ends with healthy, nourished and well-educated children free from all forms of violence – and the
SDGs represent an unprecedented opportunity to get us there within this generation.
In line with the Every Women Every Child movement and priorities, World Vision is wholeheartedly committed to
ending preventable child and maternal deaths by 2030 and in 2015 announced a new commitment to invest $3
billion between 2016 and 2020 for improving sustainable health programming, humanitarian emergency
responses, operational research and advocacy at all levels.2 This builds on a previous $1.5bn commitment from
2010 to 2015 for health, nutrition, HIV and AIDS, water, sanitation and hygiene, in alignment with the Every
Woman Every Child movement’s priorities. The 2010-2015 commitment was independently assessed, and was
exceeded by $500 million.
Improving maternal, infant and young child nutrition is a high priority for World Vision, as shown through a
global financial commitment at the 2013 Nutrition for Growth Summit of USD $1,187 million for the period
2013-2020.3 Of this, World Vision committed to investing ‘USD $403 million for nutrition-specific interventions,
and USD $784 million for nutrition-sensitive interventions.’4
World Vision is committed to ensuring access to quality essential health and nutrition services for the most
vulnerable and marginalised children, as well as empowering communities and giving leverage to their voice.
Kevin Jenkins, CEO and President of World Vision International, was recently appointed to the United Nations
1
"Technical Guidance on the Application of a Human Rights-based Approach to the Implementation of Policies and Programmes to Reduce and Eliminate
Preventable Mortality and Morbidity of Children under 5 Years of Age." UNGA A/HRC/27/31, June 30, 2014, 3. https://documents-ddsny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G14/071/24/PDF/G1407124.pdf?OpenElement.
2
"World Vision International - All Commitments." World Vision. Accessed March 18, 2016. http://everywomaneverychild.org/commitments/allcommitments/world-vision-international.
3
"Nutrition for Growth Commitments: Executive Summary." Nutrition for Growth, Beating Hunger through Business and Science: 37.
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/207274/nutrition-for-growth-commitments.pdf.
4
Ibid, Nutrition for Growth Commitments, p. 37
1
Secretary General’s High Level Advisory Group for Every Woman Every Child, after having served on the
Commission on Information and Accountability for Women’s and Children’s Health in 2011.5 World Vision
acknowledges the necessity and value of human rights based approach to reducing preventable child mortality
and morbidity, and is fully committed to addressing determinants of child health and nutrition by focusing on
health programming, advocacy, accountability and by empowering children’s participation in decision-making.
Followed by an example set up by the HRC technical guidance report, the following sections showcase World
Vision’s work in addressing preventable mortality and morbidity of children under five, using a human rights
based approach, and are split into three parts: legal and policy environment, health services, and community level
interventions.
LEGAL AND POLICY ENVIROMENT
World Vision’s Child Health Now campaign
Since the launch in 2009, World Vision has been running Child Health Now, a global advocacy campaign to end
preventable child mortality in more than 35 low-income countries and at the global level. The campaign
leverages World Vision’s unique network which allows joint advocacy action from the local to the national to
the global level.
All country offices implementing the Child Health Now campaign include strategies and key objectives linked to
various international frameworks related to maternal, newborn and child health, such as Every Women Every
Child (EWEC), Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) and the Abuja Declaration on health financing. A document to
support integration of these global frameworks was produced early in 2014 and includes guidance on human
rights mechanisms, including the Universal Periodic Review.6
Child Health Now has been influential in facilitating policy change and policy implementation in areas that
contribute directly to Every Woman Every Child, in line with MDGs 1c, 4, 5 and 6. Internal Child Health Now
progress reports show that the campaign has – in partnership with NGOs, community groups and government
ministries – made a significant contribution towards the realisation of 208 policy changes that will lead to
improved health of mothers and children.7 Below are a couple of recent examples from 2015 and 2016 grouped
under four broad objectives:
Increasing budget for maternal and child health: In Niger, World Vision initiated and led a coalition to
hold the government accountable for ensuring effective implementation of the free health care policy which
grants all children under 5 access to free health care. A bottleneck study by the coalition showed that the late
reimbursement from central government to health facilities undermine the ability of the health system to
provide free care. After agreeing to address this, during a validation workshop of the bottleneck study in June
2015, the government paid 50% of their total debt to health facilities in October 2015, allowing health facilities
to continue providing free care to children under five.
5For
more detail: http://www.everywomaneverychild.org/news-events/news/1291-un-secretary-general-announces-members-of-the-high-level-advisorygroup-for-every-woman-every-child
6
For more detail: http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/Using%20Global%20Frameworks%20for%20National%20Impact.pdf
7
Ibid, Nutrition for Growth Commitments, p. 24
2
Improving accountability for health service delivery: In Ghana,
children and communities across Ghana were engaged in rallies and
community events during World Vision’s Global Week of Action
popular mobilization in 2015. Children shared petitions with
recommendations to improve child health with local decision makers.
In response to community demands the local authorities renovated a
community-owned health centre and deployed 7 additional health staff
and started constructing another health centre which was promised
but not yet built. These changes will improve access to and quality of
health care for more than 50.000 vulnerable children in rural Ghana.
Reducing barriers to demand for health: As a result of World
Vision Mali’s previous engagement to advocate for Universal Health
Coverage (UHC) in Mali, the Government of Mali invited the World
Vision campaigns coordinator to join the committee tasked with
developing a roadmap and an operational plan for rolling out UHC in
Mali by 2018. UHC will help overcome financial and geographical
barriers to health care access for children in Mali. Through the work
of the committee, World Vision has contributed to the development
of a number of critical decisions and policies regarding UHC roll out,
which will greatly improve access to health care access in Mali,
particularly for the most vulnerable, once implemented.
In 2015 World Vision’s Global
Week of Action (GWA) saw
supporters, members of the
public and communities came
together to take 20.4 million
actions in support of a common
message, calling on world
leaders to stop at nothing to
‘get to zero’ and end
preventable child deaths!
Spread across more than 70
countries and reached through
36,000 events, the campaign
week delivered not only widereaching awareness but deep
political impact and local
engagement.
Preventing disease and malnutrition: In Uganda, World Vision
focused on advocating for increased national budget for life saving medicines and supplies. A national budget
advocacy strategy for life-saving commodities was developed with support from Ministry of Health and the
Uganda Civil Society Coalition for RMNCH. Increased funding means all children in the country have increased
access to these life-saving medicines and equipment which will reduce preventable deaths across the country.
Furthermore, World Vision advocated for a rollout of the Uganda Nutrition Action Plan (UNAP) by developing
a communication strategy that was launched by the Prime Minister in September 2015. World Vision’s role was
to bring together partners in nutrition under the umbrella of the Uganda Civil Society Coalition for Scaling Up
Nutrition. The roll out of the plan will ensure proper implementation of the UNAP which will benefit all
children in the country.
Tactics and approaches utilised within the Child Health Now campaign have included:
Partnerships, alliances and coalitions: for instance, engaging in more than 20 national Scaling Up
Nutrition Civil Society Alliances
Lobbying and direct engagement with decision makers: for instance, coordinated engagement with
government representatives in 31 countries to influence the adoption of the Every Newborn Action Plan at
the World Health Assembly
Community empowerment and local-level advocacy: for instance, the Citizen Voice and Action
approach and the Citizens’ Hearings model
Popular mobilisation: for instance, World Vision’s Global Week of Action, contextualised in over 70
countries to demonstrate public commitment to reducing preventable child deaths
3
Media and communications for public influence: for instance, World Vision’s ‘memory quilt’
roadshow in Uganda, which collected family memories of over 1,100 children who had died from
preventable causes; the memory quilt also travelled to Geneva for the 2014 World Health Assembly
Children’s and youth participation: for instance, ensuring effective engagement of child and youth
delegates at international fora.
Promoting accountability for child rights through human rights mechanisms
World Vision has been submitting alternative reports to human rights mechanisms, including the Universal
Period Review (UPR) and reports to the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) on a regular basis. World
Vision country offices submit reports either alone or as part of NGO coalitions. During 2015, World Vision in
Sierra Leone and Niger submitted reports related to improving maternal and child health and nutrition ahead of
their countries’ UPR in January 2016. The World Vision Niger advocacy lead was present in Geneva during the
pre-sessional briefing to share recommendations from their alternative report with missions present at the
briefing, and with Niger’s ambassador in Geneva in a private meeting. World Vision Niger has led the forming of
a civil society coalition made up by all organisations from Niger present in Geneva during the pre-sessional
which will follow up on implementation of Niger’s UPR recommendations on an ongoing basis.
HEALTH SERVICES
World Vision’s Community Health Workers programme (CHW)
Amongst many interrelated determinants of under 5 child mortality, critically low health workforce density plays
a key role. Community Health Workers are particularly
critical in reducing child mortality, as they extend essential
World Vision is supporting health
reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health services to
communities, and to those living in remote rural areas.
programmes in 14,837 Rwandan
World Vision is investing in Community Health Workers
programmes that aim to strengthen existing health structures,
to train and support health community workers and enable
functioning health systems. By supporting national
governments and local communities, World Vision’s CHW
programs includes support for community case management
of childhood illness, community based management of acute
malnutrition, community prevention of mother to child
transmission of HIV and integrated reproductive, maternal and
child health behaviour change counselling.8 World Vision has
pursued building lasting partnerships in order to endorse
harmonization of CHW programming and ‘to enable
8
communities as part of multistakeholder efforts to scale up the
national government’s CHW initiative.
Latest reports suggest that 75 per cent
of these communities currently have
CHW programming as a major activity,
with three CHWs per community.
World Vision’s work supports a
performance based payment system
for CHWs supported through
government and NGO funding which is
what makes it sustainable over the
long term.
"Supporting Community Health Workers." World Vision International. 2015. http://www.wvi.org/health/chw.
4
community health workforces that are sustainable, functional and effective.’9
In its commitment to the Every Newborn Action Plan in 2014 World Vision committed to ‘strengthen maternal
and newborn care within [its] CHW programmes to reach 100,000 CHWs in 40 countries by 2020.’10
A 2015 census shows that World Vision is supporting approximately 220,370 Community Health
Workers in 48 countries. This is more than double compared with World Vision’s commitment to the Every
Newborn Action Plan in 2014. However, the real number is likely to be even higher, since some country offices
with large CHW programmes did not submit their results on time to be included in the census.
COMMUNITY BASED ACTION
World Vision’s citizen empowerment and social accountability approaches
Citizen engagement and participation, including empowering children and ensuring their participation in decisionmaking, requires that governments take part in ‘enabling environment for citizen engagement and develop
capacity to ensure that duty-bearers can fulfil their obligations and that rights-holders have the knowledge that
allows them to claim their rights.’11 In the context of high under 5 mortality and morbidity, active participation in
decision making requires parents and other relevant stakeholders to engage with health practitioners and have
enough information to make an informed decision about child’s health.12
World Vision engages in a variety of programmes and initiatives that foster citizens’ and children’s engagement in
decision making such as the well-established Citizen Voice and Action approach and the more recent Citizen’s
Hearings methodology. Most social accountability programmes are integrated with other World Vision initiatives
on health, nutrition and water, sanitation and hygiene and aligned with national level advocacy initiatives,
including the Child Health Now campaign.
Community monitoring of health services: Citizen Voice in Action (CVA)
Community monitoring of health services is an evidence-based approach, which has had significant impact. In an
influential randomised control trial (RCT) done by Bjorkman and Svansson, a community monitoring of services
intervention reduced child mortality by 33% and increased births in clinics by 58%.13 This 2009 study has been
repeated and its long-term efficacy established in 2014 in the same health clinics in Uganda.14 Based on this
study, World Vision has estimated that across 10 countries where it is currently undertaking community
monitoring of services in health, the lives of 76,000 children could be saved.
World Vision has introduced 227 health and nutrition related social accountability initiatives in
more than 40 countries.
9
Ibid, p.1
10
Ibid, p.1
11
Ibid, Technical Guidance Report, p. 7
12
Ibid, p. 7
13
Bjorkman M and Svensson J, 2009. Power to the People: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment on Community Based Monitoring in Uganda.
Quarterly Journal of Economics.
14
Ibid, Bjorkman Mand Svensson J, 2009
5
World Vision calls its approach to community monitoring
of services Citizen Voice and Action (CVA). This is a longterm empowerment approach, which employs civic
education, participatory activities such as community
services scorecards and social audits, non-confrontational
dialogue and advocacy to ensure health service standards
are met.15
In a review of 10 CVA evaluations, and 27 CVA case
studies from 10 countries, results in health include:
Significant increases of the number of health staff in
local clinics and health posts
Improvement in availability of essential drugs including
in the most challenging environments such as South
Sudan where drugs were being stolen
Increase in facility based birth delivery
Reduced clinic and hospital waiting times
Increased immunisation coverage
Improved attitude by nursing staff, encouraging greater
access to clinics by women
New incentive systems for doctors to visit remote
areas
CVA cross country impact
Citizen Voice and Action equips
communities to drive systemic change. For
example, communities in Kenya used CVA
evidence to persuade government to
reform the law governing local
government’s use of discretionary funds.
The Armenian government responded to
CVA evidence and pressure by creating new
incentives for doctors to visit the most
vulnerable rural areas. And Brazilian CVA
practitioners have mobilized a national
network of youth who monitor policies at
all levels of government. These experiences
exemplify World Vision’s power to catalyse
constructive, community-driven
movements across broad geographic areas
using the evidence the citizen generated
data that the approach supports.
A significant issue inhibiting health care access across many
countries is the negative attitude of health staff, who are
often overworked and underpaid. Many community members have shared their view that health staff are
impolite and insensitive, which deters women from coming back to seek medical assistance.16 The
implementation of social accountability programmes in various countries has resulted in more patients seeking
health services because of the better-quality relationships between health workers and patients.17
In a 2016 sample of 6 countries undertaking this approach in more than 200 health clinics, results included:
15
The scorecard is a methodology that facilitates communities to come up with, usually qualitative, priority indicators for ongoing monitoring of a health
clinic and proposals to support improvements to the indicators. The social audit is a simple matrix which identifies national standards based on individual
country policy documents and technical guidelines as they relate to sub-national health services such as essential drug lists, staffing numbers and
qualifications, infrastructure. Frontline services staff identify the reality against the standards and the reasons for the constraints in meeting the standards.
The information collected through the scorecards and social audits is shared in town hall meetings with all stakeholders and key duty bearers with
responsibility for health clinic functioning. Together, the community, frontline service providers and government officials and local politicians come up
with a plan for improving the service at the clinic.
16
Cant, Sue, 2013. "Citizen Voice and Action - Civic Demand for Better Health and Education Services." World Vision, published on World Bank, Global
Partnership for Social Accountability Knowledge Portal.
17
Ibid, Cant, Sue, 2013
6
Service improvements, such as better sanitation, new infrastructure such as maternity wards and improved
relations between staff and patients, are documented in 69 clinics in Cambodia (benefiting an estimated
74,000 children), 87 clinics in Bangladesh and 79 clinics in Kenya
After community lobbying efforts, increases in staffing in 5 of the countries ranged from an additional staff
member to more than a doubling of staff numbers across clinics. In less than a year, one DRC health clinic
appointed a doctor and 2 qualified nurses to support the existing 4 unqualified staff.
Citizen Hearings
In 2015, along with White Ribbon Alliance, Save the Children, and the International Planned Parenthood
Foundation, World Vision created a forum for community participation, called Citizens’ Hearings, which enables
constructive dialogues between community members, faith leaders, children and government representatives for
the purpose of empowering citizens and holding national representatives accountable.18 In 2015 more than 100
Citizens’ Hearings took place in more than 20 countries which resulted in recommendations being shared with
national representatives and other political and religious leaders. In addition, the outcomes of the Citizens’
Hearings were presented at an event at the 2015 World Health Assembly (WHA) and are included in the
updated Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health as an input into the national and
global accountability framework.
Along with its partners, World Vision has been organizing Citizens’ Hearings all around the world, including
taking the lead to facilitate hearings in conflict, emergency and restricted context such as Niger, Mauritania, Mali
and Sierra Leone. Some of the areas discussed in the hearings include accountability mechanisms, commitments
to women’s, children’s and adolescents’s health, proposed SDG targets, citizens’ participation and citizens’ direct
experiences with health systems.19
For example, after the concluded Citizens’ Hearings in Malawi, the government made a commitment to
promote active citizen participation, and tools to track government accountability and implementation of
policies related to women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health.20
In Uganda, World Vision managed to mobilise more than 400 community members for each of the 11 hearings.
The hearings produced several recommendations outlining clear priorities on social accountability and improved
access to health services for mothers, children and adolescents, which were subsequently presented at the
National Citizens’ Hearing that was broadcasted on national television.21
In Ghana, World Vision organised a local hearing for more than 350 participants, where the participants raised
several issues on access to healthcare, irregular visits by healthcare workers and the lack of healthcare facilities
in local communities.22 Citizens also highlighted the lack of immunization coverage, poor maternal health policy
and a lack of essential drugs. As a result of the Citizens’ Hearing, the Ghanaian Minister of Health made a
18
Woods, Katy, and Abigail Casey. "Nothing About Us, Without Us: Citizens' Voices for Women's, Children's and Adolescents' Health." September 2015.
http://static1.squarespace.com/static/54d0f2c0e4b081a66404a5fb/t/560273e3e4b03fc4a33c4c80/1443001714114/FULL_REPORT_WEB.pdf.
19
Ibid, Woods, Katy, and Abigail Casey, p. 10
20
Ibid, p. 10
21
Ibid, p. 11
22
Ibid, p. 31
7
commitment to include all unmet MDG goals into the SDGs in order to properly address under 5 mortality, and
a lack of essential services for mothers and newborns.23
In Sierra Leone, World Vision consulted more than 800 citizens on Women's, Children's and Adolescent's
Health and education, sanitation and water, in the context of the Ebola recovery. Citizens’ hearings took place at
both community level and national level and recommendations from local hearings were shared at the national
level hearings and brought to the attention of national decision makers.
‘Children’s rights to health’ workbooks
Following the adoption of the General Comment number 15 on the United Nations Convention on the Rights
of the Child, World Vision International decided to create a child-friendly health workbook, in order to facilitate
child participation and understanding of children’s rights. The workbook is set up as an interactive tool through
which children can learn advocacy, accountability and how to become active community participants.24
The workbook incorporates elements of CVA, in order to further boost social accountability and active
participation of all community members. The workbook can be used for educational purposes, for advocacy and
for monitoring and evaluation of public services. Using child-friendly language, the workbook includes definitions
of various UN bodies, it outlines children’s rights and it provides a checklist with different performance
indicators. Overall, the workbook is intended for widespread use, by individual or groups, with no affiliation to a
particular programme or initiative.
Children voices in the global consultation on the sustainable development
World Vision has engaged in various ways at the global and national level to ensure children’s voices are heard
in the Post-2015 Intergovernmental Negotiations on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Consulting vulnerable children on the draft SDGs: World Vision engaged in two children’s consultation
processes on the SDGs during 2015.
The Global Movement for Children in Latin America and the Caribbean, of which World Vision is a
member (along with UNICEF, SOS Children’s Villages, Child Fund, Plan International and Save the Children)
developed a child-friendly version of the Open Working Group proposal for the SDGs and specific targets.
The child-friendly version was designed to help children and young people better understand the 17
proposed goals and to enable them to express their views. More than 1,000 children and young people
took part in a consultation process on the SDGs, using the child-friendly version, supported by the Global
Movement for Children member organisations in 10 countries in Latin America.
In June 2015 World Vision facilitated consultation with more than 900 children and young people on the
draft SDG Declaration, as part of a global online consultation organized by UNICEF and the “World We
Want initiative. World Vision’s consultation was done in rural locations in 7 countries - Central African
Republic (CAR), Ghana, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Zambia. More than 300 internally
displaced children were consulted on the SDGs in child-friendly spaces in CAR.
23
Ibid, Ibid, Woods, Katy, and Abigail Casey, p. 31
24
World Vision International. "Measuring Health, a Workbook for Children." World Vision International, 2016, 2.
http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/Health final Workbook.pdf.
8
The multi-stakeholder ‘the World We Want’ children’s consultation was conducted online which limited
the participation opportunities for the most vulnerable children that the SDGs aim to reach. Within that
context the World Vision consultations were recognized as valuable since they were among the few offline
consultations with children from rural communities, including from fragile, emergency and conflict settings.
World Vision’s consultation is highlighted in the final report which was shared with UN Member States
before the final SDG negotiations.
Amplifying children’s voices during the SDG negotiations in New York: World Vision and a group of
child-focused agencies organised a side event presenting the outcomes of the children’s SDG consultation during
the third session of the Post-2015 Intergovernmental Negotiations on Sustainable Development Goals and
Targets that took place in New York in March 2015. The event was an opportunity to present the outcomes of
the consultations and featured two child representatives, Maria Antonia from Brazil and Rodrigo from Chile. In
response to the comments from Maria Antonia and Rodrigo, the Permanent Mission of Brazil to the UN
reaffirmed Brazil’s support for the inclusion of children in the Post-2015 Development Agenda and pointed out
the fact that the SDGs can be translated into child-friendly language means that the agenda is ‘not too big’ to be
implemented. The Permanent Mission of Chile to the UN thanked Rodrigo for speaking up about children’s
aspirations and affirmed children’s engagement in the post-2015 process.25
25
A full event report, including pictures, can be found on the UN website at
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/6861summary1.pdf.
9
References
Bjorkman M and Svensson J, 2009. Power to the People: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment on Community Based
Monitoring in Uganda. Quarterly Journal of Economics.
Cant, Sue, 2013. "Citizen Voice and Action - Civic Demand for Better Health and Education Services." World Vision:
https://docs.google.com/a/graduateinstitute.ch/file/d/0B01TNkdJ61czcVhlUUt1dzN0ODg/edit.
Expanding World Vision’s Impact Through Community Health Workers, A Global Census." Sustainable Health World Vision
International, February 2016, 1. Accessed February 2016. http://wvi.org/sites/default/files/CHW Global Census
Report-FINAL-electronic.pdf.
"Nutrition for Growth Commitments: Executive Summary." Nutrition for Growth, Beating Hunger through Business and Science:
37. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/207274/nutrition-for-growthcommitments.pdf.
"Supporting Community Health Workers." World Vision International. 2015. http://www.wvi.org/health/chw.
"Technical Guidance on the Application of a Human Rights-based Approach to the Implementation of Policies and
Programmes to Reduce and Eliminate Preventable Mortality and Morbidity of Children under 5 Years of Age."
UNGA A/HRC/27/31, June 30, 2014, https://documents-ddsny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G14/071/24/PDF/G1407124.pdf?OpenElement.
Woods, Katy, and Abigail Casey. "Nothing About Us, Without Us: Citizens' Voices for Women's, Children's and
Adolescents' Health." September 2015.
http://static1.squarespace.com/static/54d0f2c0e4b081a66404a5fb/t/560273e3e4b03fc4a33c4c80/1443001714114/FU
LL_REPORT_WEB.pdf.
"World Vision International - All Commitments." World Vision. Accessed March 18, 2016.
http://everywomaneverychild.org/commitments/all-commitments/world-vision-international.
World Vision International. "Measuring Health, a Workbook for Children." World Vision International, 2016,
http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/Health final Workbook.pdf.
10
Online resources:


Every Woman Every Child, 2015 http://www.everywomaneverychild.org/news-events/news/1291-un-secretary-generalannounces-members-of-the-high-level-advisory-group-for-every-woman-every-child
Child and Youth Participation in Health Programming, 2014, case study of Bolivia, Cambodia and Ethiopia
https://www.wvcentral.org/community/cpr/Featured%20Resource/Case%20Study_Participation%20in%20Health%20Pro
gramming_Bolivia%20Cambodia%20Ethiopia.pdf

Child and Youth Participation Strategic direction, 2015-20
https://www.wvcentral.org/community/cpr/Featured%20Resource/Strategic%20Direction%20Child%20and%20Youth%2
0Participation%202015.pdf

Using global Frameworks for National Impact - Guidelines for in-country advocates on maternal, newborn and child
health http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/Using%20Global%20Frameworks%20for%20National%20Impact.pdf

Child well-being and gender equity http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/Child_Well-being_and_Gender.pdf

Global Citizen hearing report,
http://static1.squarespace.com/static/54d0f2c0e4b081a66404a5fb/t/560273e3e4b03fc4a33c4c80/1443001714114/FULL_
REPORT_WEB.pdf

Measuring Health Workbook, http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/Health%20final%20Workbook.pdf

Commitments count for EWEC, iERG report http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/iERG%20Report-Elec-R4.pdf

WV’s commitment to Global strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescent’s Health
http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/World%20Vision's%20EWEC%20commitments.pdf

Children well-being annual report, 2014 http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/World%20Vision%20Child%20WellBeing%20Annual%20Report%20-%20Cambodia%202014.pdf

Children well-being reference guide, 2014 http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/ChildWell-beingReferenceGuide.pdf

WV’s Gender equality study, 2014

http://www.worldvision.org/sites/default/files/pdf/Gender-Equality-Study-2014-Executive-Summary.pdf

http://wvi.org/sites/default/files/WVA_Gender%20Equality%20Study%202014.pdf

Channels of Hope http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/CoH%20Gender%20marketing%20flyer.FY16.pdf

Children as partners in development, 2015 http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/Post2015%20Policy%20Brief%202_Child%20participation.pdf

Reaching the world most vulnerable children, policy brief, 2015
https://www.worldvision.jp/about/item_img/13_01_en.pdf

Global Frameworks for National Impact
http://www.wvi.org/sites/default/files/Using%20Global%20Frameworks%20for%20National%20Impact.pdf
11