DIP-700-001-- DYNAMICS OF DIPLOMACY
(FINAL VERSION
Professor John D. Stempel
Office: Patterson Ofc. Twr, Rm. 449
rm.)
Telephone: 257-8261
E-mail: stempelj@email.uky.edu
Web: www.uky.edu/~stempel
-Fall 2010
Class Time: MONDAY 1-3:30,
Classroom: POT 420 (Van
Office Hours: Mon/Tues 9:15
12:00 AM, other times by
appointment
COURSE OVERVIEW -- Diplomacy, often called the second oldest
profession, has been a significant form of interaction between sovereign
entities since antiquity. It gradually became the primary form of
international discourse after the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, and
evolved in its classical European state-centric form well into the 20th
century. Post-World War II, Diplomacy assumed a somewhat different
shape in the bipolar perspective of the Cold War. After 1989 however,
Diplomacy again assumed new meanings and new forms, which lead
some to call it vital, while others consider it outmoded and archaic--cf:
the extreme American Primacy argument, post 9/11. This course will
set out the dynamics of Diplomacy, place it in the contemporary world,
and help you to begin practicing it.
We begin by exploring the historical evolution of diplomacy,
reviewing its origins then turning swiftly to the post-World War II period
as diplomatic practitioners adjusted to a more complex world--rapid
communication, faster transportation, bipolar political alliances and
growing transnational activity.
With the end of the Cold War,
diplomatic activity surged--while countries simultaneously cut back
their diplomatic establishments.
We then analyze the evolving
functions and organization of diplomacy, zeroing in on what diplomats
actually DO, including practical skill-building exercises.
From there, the course sketches links the behavior of diplomats
and the cross-cultural issues of talking with others, concluding with an
assessment of Diplomacy and diplomatic skills and what they mean for
the current international system and nations in it. Students will be
required to do independent probing on key analytical and policy
questions and will sharpen their oral and written skills, which are
2
absolutely critical to diplomatic and other organizational careers
anywhere. This will include mini-negotiations.
ATTENDANCE -- This is a seminar-style course, and participation will
be counted. All credit-earning members of the class should be present
for all sessions, especially ones at which they are presenting material
(see below). Just as in business, government, or politics, occasionally a
scheduled appointment must be missed. In case of such emergency, a
phone call, e-mail, message, note or post-it on the door, or some other
communication should precede an absence. You are responsible for
obtaining notes and information on a session you miss from a
classmate.
EXAMINATIONS AND GRADING -- There will be one test and three
practical exercises in this course. Graded activities will be performed
regularly in class. The following activities will constitute the evaluation
system:
Percent of grade
Seminar participation
Demarche
Memo of conversation
Midterm
Analytical briefing
Diplomacy exercise
10
15
20
25
20
10
per
per
per
per
per
per
cent
cent
cent
cent
cent
cent
frequency
every session
once per semester
once per semester
Oct. 26
once per semester
Nov. 30
Letter grades will be given for all exercises. However, the instructor
reserves the right to factor in improvement over time in calculating the
final grade. Late written work will be marked down 1/3 a grade a day
(B+ to B). Work over four days late will not be accepted and an “F” grade
assigned. Nonattendance at a scheduled presentation (without
acceptable excuse) will be graded “F”
REPRESENTATION -- Much of diplomacy requires understanding the
attitudes, culture, and politics of another society. With this in mind, at
the beginning of the course, each student will assume the role of a
diplomat in a foreign embassy in Washington. The principal written
assignments: memcons, demarches, analytical briefings etc., will be
made from the perspective of the country chosen. A list of countries
having significant relations with the United States appears on the
3
information handout each of you will receive. Please list first, second,
and third choices. No duplicate assignments will be made; a student
cannot choose his or her native country, otherwise, the choice is open.
DEMARCHE -- Beginning September 14 at the start of each class, one
or more of you (as necessary to complete the cycle), acting as the
deputy chief of your country’s embassy, will present to me, as U.S.
Undersecretary of State for Political (or Economic) Affairs, an issue
important to the country you represent. I will determine the order of
presentation by Sept. 7, and an additional informational handout will
be provided then. Your demarche should be 3-4 minutes. I will then
question you and react to your presentation, as in life.
MEMO OF CONVERSATION -- Once during the semester I, or someone
else, will make a presentation or give a press conference, for which you
will take notes and prepare a short memorandum of conversation, or
“memcon” to be sent in telegraphic form to your home Foreign Ministry.
More will be said about this later.
ANALYTICAL BRIEFING -- Once during the semester, you will be given
a week’s notice and provided with designated material on which to
develop a one-to-two page paper analyzing the significance of the
material for the next class. You will also, when directed, give a TENminute oral presentation in the class to share your insights with your
fellow students, and direct discussion on the subject for an additional
few minutes. You will be graded on both your paper and your handling
of the discussion, the overall grade being a combination of the two.
SUBJECTS OF STUDY -- A detailed topical syllabus follows. Students
are expected to do the readings grouped under each seminar period
BEFORE the seminar discussion session. Readings not in the assigned
texts but listed below can be found in the holder marked with this
course name in the Student Room, Patterson Office Tower Rm. 469.
Many of the articles may be found in the Library’s Full Text Data Base.
The reserve list attached at the end of this syllabus is a major research
source for further study in this field. Additional materials will be
handed out during the semester. You should also keep abreast of
current diplomatic developments, especially in your country of
4
representation and others significant to it by reading a good daily
newspaper and a weekly news magazine.
SOURCE/TEXTBOOKS --available at bookstores or on line, or in the
case of my book, FROM ME DIRECTLY AT A REDUCED PRICE.
Jean-Robert Leguey-Feilleux, The Dynamics of Diplomacy, Lynne
Rienner, Publishers, 2009 (referred to below as DIPLOMACY)
Raymond Cohen, Negotiating Across Cultures, US Institute of Peace,
1999 (Referred to below as CULTURES)
Gordon Craig and Alexander George, Force and Statecraft: Diplomatic
Challenges of our time. Oxford Univ. Press, 2006 (referred to below as
FORCE)
Charles W. Freeman, The Arts of Power: Statecraft and Diplomacy, U.S.
Institute of Peace, (referred to below as ARTS)
Harold H. Saunders, Politics is about Relationships: A Blueprint for the
Citizen’s Century, Palgrave/Macmillan, 2005 (referred to below as
POLITICS)
Richard Solomon, et al, American Negotiating Behavior, U.S. Institute of
Peace, 2010 (referred to below as BEHAVIOR)
John D. Stempel, Common Sense and Foreign Policy. The Clark Group,
2008 (referred to below as SENSE) BUY THIS DIRECTLY FROM THE
AUTHOR AT REDUCED PRICE,
You are also expected to read the international section of a good
newspaper regularly, and take a student subscription to the Economist
magazine—for student-rate subscriptions use my professor number
4333 in the on-line subscription form.
Optional for increasing your depth:
5
George Herring, From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign Relations since
1776, Oxford University Press, 2008
Andrew Bacevich, The Limits of Power, Metropolitan Books, 2009
Roger Fisher, Getting to YES: Negotiating Without Giving In, Penguin
books, 1987
Carol Lancaster, Foreign Aid: Diplomacy, Development, Domestic Politics,
University of Chicago Press, 2007
Sir Ivor Roberts, Satow’s Diplomatic Practice, sixth edition, Oxford
University Press
Ian Shapiro, Containment, Princeton University Press, 2007
Paul Sharp, Diplomatic Theory of International Relations, Cambridge
University Press, 2009
James Fallows, Blind into Bagdad, Vintage Books, 2006
Rashid Khalidi, Resurrecting Empire: Western Footprints and America’s
Perilous Path in the Middle East, Beacon Press, 2004
Charles Duelfer, Hide And Seek: The Search for Truth in Iraq, Public
Affairs Press, 2009
James Turner Johnson and George Weigel, Just War and the Gulf War,
Ethics and Public Policy Center, 1991
SEMINAR TOPICS AND READINGS
Aug. 30
Up from Classical Diplomacy
ARTS, preface, intro and pp. 9-22, 69-74
DIPLOMACY, intro, ch. 1-5
FORCE, intro, chs 1-5
Herring, From Colony to Superpower, introduction, pp. 1-10 (box)
6
POLITICS, Preface, introduction, Chs. 1 and 2
SENSE, Ch. 1
Sept. 6 (LABOR DAY—NO class, but do readingsa for week)
Holsti, K. J., “Diplomacy,” (handout & in box)
DIPLOMACY, ch 6 and 7
SENSE, ch. 7
FORCE, chs 6 and 7
U.S. Department of State, short history (box in student room,
or Encyclopedia of Foreign Affairs in Van room)
Sept. 13 Communication, Negotiation & Representation--Verbal
and Symbolic
ARTS, pp. 105-140
DIPLOMACY, chs 7, 9 and 10
FORCE, ch. 8
Sharp, Paul, Diplomatic Theory of International Relations,
Introduction, pp. 1-14 (box)
Sept. 20 Information, Intelligence, & Public diplomacy
ARTS, pp 23-44
DIPLOMACY, Ch. 11
SENSE, Ch. 3
Ada Bozeman, Comparative Intelligence Studies, ch. 6 (box)
Stempel, Covert Action and Diplomacy, IJICI , vol. 20, No. 1
Sept. 27 Diplomacy and Power: Strategic Action
ARTS, pp. 45-52
FORCE, ch 9 & 12
POLITICS, ch. 4 & 5
ODOM, chs 2 and conclusion (box)
SENSE, ch. 2 and 7
Oct. 4
Force and Diplomacy
ARTS, pp 53-68
7
FORCE, ch 10,11 and conclusion
Joes, Anthony, Resisting Rebellion, prologue & chs 1, 2
(on reserve)
SENSE, ch. 6
Oct. 11
Bureaucracy and Diplomacy
DIPLOMACY, chs 6 & 8 (review)
Sharp, Paul “The Idea of Diplomatic Culture and its Sources,”
paper (handout)
Irving Janis, Groupthink, pp. 1-47, on reserve, (also in box)
POLITICS, Ch. 6 (applicability to the Middle East?)
“Rogue State Department,” Foreign Affairs, July/Aug 2003 (box)
Oct. 18
Political and Economic reporting and Influence
ARTS, pp 45-52
FORCE, ch 6, (review)
Stempel, Inside the Iranian Revolution, ch. 14 (box)
DIPLOMACY, Ch. 8
Oct. 25
MIDTERM
*******************************************************************
MIDTERM EXAM DURING THIS PERIOD
********************************************************************
Nov. 1
Multilateral Diplomacy, Aid, and Sub-national Actors
DIPLOMACY, chs 2, 3
Muldoon, Multilateral Diplomacy. Chs 2, 4 (Box)
FORCE, ch 4 (review)
State Action in a Global Framework, Dag Ryen (box)
POLITICS, ch. 7
Nov. 8
Negotiation and Conflict Resolution in Diplomacy
BEHAVIOR, Chs. 1-3, and 6
Der Derian, James, Antidiplomacy, preface & ch. 1.8, (box)
SENSE, ch. 1 (review) and 6
Stempel, “The American View of Negotiation”
8
Nov. 15
Crisis Management and the World Community
BEHAVIOR, Chs 6,7,9,
CULTURES, Chs 1-5
POLITICS, Ch. 10
Putnam, Robert, “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics:
The logic of two-level games,” International Organization,
Summer 1998 (box).
Nov. 22
Cross Cultural Diplomacy
BEHAVIOR, Chs. 13,14,15
CULTURES, 6-10
DIPLOMACY, CH. 12
Nov. 29
Practice Diplomacy
Problems as assigned.
Dec. 6
Whither the World and Diplomacy?
Stempel, Common Sense Ch. 8
Hendrikson, Alan K. ”The Future of Diplomacy: Five Prospective
Visions” (box)
“Roles of Diplomats in the Modern World” (Box)
Note: A list of useful Internet sites for you to begin building your
own collection.
Diplomacy: useful Internet reference sites
Council of Foreign Relations (New York)
http://www.cfr.org/thesource/
Foreign Affairs Literature
http://www.foreignaffairs.org/envoy/
9
U.S. Institute of Peace Highlights
http://www.usip.org/
Virtual Diplomacy Fact Sheet
http://198.5.6.201/oc/virtual_dipl.html
Peace and security integrated Internet guide
http://www.cfcsc.dnd.ca/links/
U.S. Dept of State Home page
http://www.state.gov/
The Electronic Embassy
http://www.embassy.org/
Middle East Institute
http://www.mideasti.org/
National Security Website
http://www.nationalsecurity.org/
Defense Link
http://www.dtic.mil/defenselink/
Economic Growth Data
http://www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/datasets.htm
Business demographics
http://www.unc.edu/courses/kenan/App_Dem/index.htm
International Studies Assn Site
http://www.isanet.org/
American Diplomacy
http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/
Center for International Science and Technology Policy
http://www.gwu.edu/~cistp/
Center for Science and International Affairs
http://ksgweb.harvard.edu/csia/
10
Defense Science & Technology
http://www.dtic.mil/dstp/
Institute for Biotechnology Information
http://www.biotechinfo.com/
National Defense University
http://www.ndu.edu/
Science, Technology and Public Policy
http://ksgweb.harvard.edu/iip/stpp.html
Israeli intelligence Briefings
http://www.debka.com/