Exercises Chapter 24 PSC1515
1. The only freshwater available on Earth ’s surface will be present in: a._________________________ b._________________________ c._________________________
2. The land that provides sources of water for rivers and for the streams that feed them is called the river’s _________________.
3. An accumulation of water that is used for water storage, flood control or to
generate electricity is called a(n) _______________.
4. Approximately what percent of the surface of the Earth is covered by the
oceans? _________%.
5. Indicate which of the following characteristics apply to which ocean: Pacific
Ocean (P), Atlantic Ocean (A), or Indian Ocean (I):
a. ______ The largest ocean b. _______The shallowest ocean
c . _______Surrounded by the “rim of fire”. d. _______ Contains a ridge through the middle.
e. _______ The smallest ocean
6. What are five major ions that are dissolved in sea water?
a._________ b. ________ c. _________ d. __________ e. _________
7. What are three factors that affect ocean waves formed by wind?
a.______________________
b.______________________
c.______________________
8. When the top of a wave moves faster than the bottom due to friction with the ocean floor near shore this results in a(n) ______________. This phenomenon occurs at the ________________.
9. The shape of a wave is ___________________. The height is called the _________________.
The high point is called the ___________ and the low point is called the _______________.
The distance between individual waves is called the _____________________.
10. As a wave gets closer to shore the wavelength __________________ and the wave height
(increases, decreases)
and the wave length ____________________.
(increases, decreases)
11. Match the following:
__ rip current a. accumulated water that moves parallel to the shore in the surf zone
__ undertow b. stream of water, bursts out against the waves and returns water to the sea.
__ longshore current c. water returns directly to the sea by moving beneath the breakers
12. Two types of currents are:
a.____________________ b._______________________
13. The three parts of the crust as you move away from the continent into the ocean are:
a. ______________________
b._______________________
c.________________________
Answers:
1. a. glaciers or snowcaps, b. ground water, c. rivers, streams and lakes
2. watershed 3. reservoir 4. 70% 5. P, A, P, A, I 6. Na + , Cl , SO
4
2, Mg 2+ , Ca 2+
7. wind speed, length of time the wind blows, the fetch
8. breaker, surf 9. circle, wave height, crest, trough, wave length
10. decreases, increases. 11. b, c, a 12. density currents and surface currents
13. continental shelf, continental slope, ocean basin