Kingdom Animalia
• All multicellular
• All heterotrophs
• No cell wall
Animal Cladogram
www.pearsonsuccessnet.com
Phylum Porifera (Sponges)
http://www.lpdatafiles.com/data/mso2003/SCUBA%20SPONGES.jpg
Sponges
http://www.ryanphotographic.com/images/JPE
GS/Sponges%20vertical.jpg
Cloud sponge
http://www.boydski.com/diving/photos/sponges/CloudSponge10.jpg
Glass spo
http://www.naturalsciences.org/education/deepsea/images/glass_sponge.jpg
http://www.shivanjaikaran.com/uploads/sponge_bob2.gif
http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis10v/week9/sponge.gif
Sponges
• Water flows through body cavity, pushed
by beating cilia
• Food is filtered from the water
• Oxygen enters by diffusion from the water
• Wastes leave by diffusion
• Reproduction is asexual (budding) or
sexual (fertilization within tissues)
Phylum Cnidaria
pronounced
nigh deer ee ah
or
nigh dare ee ah
Phylum Cnidaria
jellies
hydra
anemones
coral
www.eurekalert.org
Phylum
Cnidaria
http://www.medtogo.com/assets/i
mages/jellyfish.jpgb
www.glaucus.org
Fossil of a cnidarian
http://www.fossilmall.com/Fossil_Archive/Trace_Softbo
dy_Fossils/Cambrian_Cnidarian/DD6b.jpg
http://cache.eb.com/eb/imag
e?id=72139&rendTypeId=35
1. Jellies release egg
and sperm into water.
2. New larva swims
then attaches to
bottom.
3. Larva becomes a
polyp.
4. The polyp buds and
releases medusa
(jellies).
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Schleid
en-meduse-2.jpg/180px-Schleiden-meduse-2.jpg
Phylum
Cnidaria
http://www.funnypotato.com/images/animals
/jellyfish/red-jellyfish.jpg
Worms
• Phylum Platyhelminthes – flatworms
• Phylum Nematoda – round worms
• Phylum Annelida – segmented worms
Worms – 1. flat worms
planaria
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/images/
planaria.jpg
planaria
http://www2.kobeu.ac.jp/~mtsubaki/b561(planaria%20in%20situ).jpg
Worms – round worms
nematode – up to 90,000 in one rotting apple!
http://www.tolweb.org/tree/ToLimages/PHIL
_1448_lores1.250a.jpg
Worms – round worms
parasites – wash your hands after
handling dirt!
http://www.townenorth.com/images/rounds.jpg
You can get parasites from you dogs.
animalmedicalclinic.org/parasites_file
worms –
segmented
worms
earthworm
http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/966/5504512
4.JPG
worms – segmented
worms
tapeworms – up to 37 feet long in a human
http://web.gccaz.edu/~lsola/bio182/labreview/platyhelminthes/tapeworm.jpg
worms – segmented worms
leech
://www.chebucto.ns.ca/ccn/info/Science/SWCS/ZOOBENTH/leech.
jpg&imgrefur
Worms
• Carnivores or filter scavengers
• Reproduction is sexually or they are
hermaphrodites (can be both male and
female)
Phylum Mollusca
• Gastropoda: snail, slug, nudibranch, sea
hare, sea butterfly
• Bivalvia: clam, oyster, mussel, scallop
• cephalopods – nautilus, cuttlefish, squid,
octopus
Phylum Mollusca
http://www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/image/80808/Austrorhytida_capillacea_620.JPG
Class
Gastropods
-Contain
terrestrial
animals
-- have spiral
shells
http://z.about.com/d/animals/1/0/V/7/shutterstock_701650.jpg
Mollusca
Class Bivalvia
clams,
oysters,
scallops,
mussels
All are aquatic
http://mumbaifish.com/Shell%20Fish/Clams.jpg
Phylum
Mollusca
Class
Cephalopoda
Nautilus
All
marine
http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Tree_of_Life/PhylumMollusca/images/Nautilus-wpd.jpg
Mollusca
cuttlefish
cuttlefish
cuddling!
Mollusca
octopus
http://onemansblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2006/12/octopus.jpg
Mollusca
squid
http://www.newscientist.com/data/images/ns/cms/dn12315/dn12315-1_500.jpg
Phylum Mollusca
• Herbivores, carnivores, filter feeders or
parasites
• External fertilization or hermaphrodites
Phylum Arthropoda
•segmented body
•jointed appendages
•exoskeleton made of chitin
•the largest phylum in the Animal
Kingdom with more than a million
described species making up more
than 80% of all described living
species.
Phylum Arthropoda
•
•
•
•
•
trilobites
arachnids
horseshoe crabs
centipedes
millipedes
•insects
•brine shrimp
•lobster
•crab
•shrimp
• trilobites
• arachnids
• horseshoe
crabs
• centipedes
• millipedes
•insects
•brine
shrimp
•lobster
•crab
•shrimp
www.edugraphics.net/.../arthropods_poster.jpg
Arthropods
Phylum Arthropods
• Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores
(parasites)
• External fertilization or
internal fertilization
Class Arachnida
• Scorpions, spiders, ticks, mites
• All terrestrial
• 4 pairs of walking legs
Class Crustacea
•
•
•
•
•
Lobster, crabs, pill bugs
Mostly aquatic except for pill bugs
Have gills
Segmented appendages
Skeleton made of chitin
Class Chilpoda
• centipedes
• Fast moving carnivores
• One pair of legs per segment
• Segmented appendages
Class Diploda
• Millipede
• 2 pairs of legs per segment
• Segmented appendages
Class Insecta
• All terrestrial
• Head, thorax and abdomen
• Small bodies, usually can fly, tough
exoskeleton, metamorphosis, reproduce
rapidly, and have mutually beneficial
relationships (plants and insects need
each other for pollination and food )
Phylum Echidnodermata
• sea stars
• sea lily
• brittle star
• sand dollar
• sea urchin
Phylum Echidnodermata
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/16cm05/1116/33-37-EchinodermsCollage.jpg
Phylum Echidnodermata
http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/biog105/labs/deuts/media/echinowatervasc.jpg
Phylum Echinoderms
• 5 part radial symmetry
• Filter feeders
• External fertilization
Phylum Chordata
At some stage in its life, has a
•hollow nerve chord- becomes and
spinal chord
•notochord – functions like a backbone
(replaced by backbone in verterbrates)
•Pharyngeal pouches (gills, we have
them as embryos)
•Tail beyond anus
•Bilateral symmetry
What makes a Chordate a
Chordate?
Notochord
Muscle segments
Tail
Hollow
nerve cord
Anus
Mouth
Pharyngeal pouches
chordata
•Lancets
•Tunicates
•lampreys
•jawless fish
•cartilaginous fish
•bony fish
•amphibians
•reptiles
•birds
•mammals
Chordate Cladogram
Birds
Amphibians
Fishes
Nonvertebrate
chordates
Invertebrate ancestor
Reptiles
Mammals
Class Chondrichthyes
• Non-vertebrates
• Cartilaginous fish
• Rays, skates, sharks
• All marine
Class Osteichthyes
• Vertebrates – bony fish
• Lung fishes, ray-finned fishes
and common fishes
• Marine and fresh water
• Swim bladders
Class Amphibia
• Vertebrates
• Frogs, slamanders, toads,
• Need to live near water to lay eggs
• Transitional tetrapods – live in water and
then on land
• Larvae are gill breathing, adults are lung
breathing
Class Reptilia
• Vertebrates
•
•
•
•
Crocodiles, alligators, snakes, turtles
Eggs have a hard shell
Aquatic and terrestrial
Ectothermic – cold blooded
Class Aves
•
•
•
•
•
Vertebrates
Birds
Hollow bones for flight
Lay eggs with hard shells
Homeothermic – warm blooded
Class Mammalia
• Vertebrates
•
•
•
•
•
Wolves, kangaroos, bears, bats, us
Give live birth to offspring (except platypus)
Feed young with milk
Have hair
Endothermic – warm blooded
Class Mammalia
Phylum Chordata
Homework (10 points)
For each Chordate:
• 2 Examples • 3 Characteristics
• 1 picture - drawing