Mr. Sullivan
Name ____________________________
AP World History
Date ___________________
Review – Periodization #5- Industrialization and Global Integration, c. 1750 to c. 1900
Key Terms:
Afrikaners
Battle of Adowa
Colonialism
Industrial Revolution
Nationalism
New Imperialism
Scramble for Africa
Sokoto Caliphate
Suez Canal
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Crimean War
Eastern Question
Greek Independence
Janissaries
Sick Man of Europe
Tanzimat
Young Ottomans
Young Turks
Bannermen
Clipper Ships
British East India Company (EIC)
Indian Civil Service
Maori
Most-Favored Nation Status
Opium War
Raj
Sepoys
Sepoy Rebellion
Treaty of Nanking
Taiping Rebellion
Declaration of the Rights of Man
Enlightenment
Estates General
Jacobins
Labor Unions
Liberalism
Mass Production
National Assembly
Nationalism
Positivism
Revolutions of 1848
Socialism
Separate Spheres
Victorian Age
Abolitionists
Confederate States of America
Creole
Declaration of Independence
Enlightenment
Free-Trade Imperialism
Gran Columbia
Haitian Revolution
Mexican-American War
Spanish-American War
Berlin Conference
Modernization
Palm Oil
South African War
Zulu
Extraterritoriality
Nationalism
Ulama
Aborigines
Durbars
Indentured Servants
Meiji Restoration
Nawab
Russo-Japanese War
Sino-Japanese War
Congress of Vienna
Division of Labor
Industrial Revolution
Laissez-Faire
Mechanization
Pan-Slavism
Slavophile
Steam Engine
American Revolution
Constitutional Convention
Empire of Brazil
Gens de Colour
Industrialism
Platt Amendment
Monroe Doctrine
You Should Be Able To:
1. Compare and contrast the ideologies and motivations distinguishing Old Imperialism
from New Imperialism
2. Explain how different African leaders and peoples interact with each other, and how
European nation’s relationship to African peoples change
3. Identify and describe the role the abolition of slavery and the continued growth of British
overseas trade played in the immigration to the Caribbean and elsewhere of peoples from
Africa
4. Identify and explain the motivations of the industrial nations to conquer new territories,
and describe the means they used to accomplish this
5. Explain why imperialists were drawn to the natural resources of Africa, and identify the
impact their presence on the continent had on the environment
6. Identify and explain the social, political, economic and religious effects of imperialism in
Africa
7. Explain how imperialism contributed to the growth and globalization of the world
economy
8. Explain why African trading empires continued to control most parts of eastern and
western Africa before the 1850s
9. Describe the moral pressure applied and the changes implemented in the global economy
that led to the end of the trans-Atlantic slave trade by 1867
10. Explain how imperialism and nationalism fed the desire of European nations for
increased influence in Africa by the 1870s
11. Explain how New Imperialism reshaped the continent of Africa as European countries
began exerting political, economic, and cultural control over their African colonies
12. Describe how in the “Scramble For Africa”, European nations carved up the continent
into remaining colonial possessions, with only Ethiopia and Liberia remaining
independent
13. Compare and contrast the ideologies and motivations distinguishing Old Imperialism
from New Imperialism
14. Identify and explain the motivations of the industrial nations to conquer new territories,
and describe the means they used to accomplish this
15. Explain how imperialism contributed to the growth and globalization of the world
economy
16. Identify and describe the benefits and drawbacks to the Ottoman Empire of the reforms
adopted during the Tanzimat period
17. Identify and explain how the Middle East changed as a result of World War I
18. Identify the social, political and economic challenges and setbacks faced by the Ottoman
Empire during the 19th century that contributed to its decline in power
19. Explain how the modernization reforms imposed in the Ottoman Empire failed to
address or advance the issues faced by women in the region
20. Explain the motivation and objectives of the proposed Eastern Question as a way to
mitigate the crisis created by the “sick old man of Europe”
21. Explain how the rise of the Young Turks and the subsequent nationalistic reforms led to a
crackdown on ethnic minorities and closer alignment with Germany on the eve of World
War I
22. Explain the impact of European imperialism on China
23. Explain how the British secured its hold on India, and identify and describe the colonial
policies that led to the beginnings of Indian nationalism
24. Explain how the forces of nationalism affected the major powers of Europe
25. Identify and describe the motivations of the industrial nations to conquer new territories,
and identify and explain the means they used to accomplish this
26. Identify and explain the social and cultural effects of imperialism in Asia
27. Explain how imperialism contributed to the growth and globalization of the world
economy
28. Explain how European colonialism directly and indirectly affected Asia as they attempted
to grow their imperial possession
29. Explain how Great Britain’s creation of an efficient bureaucracy reshaped India socially,
politically and economically
30. Explain how the Qing Dynasty in China was threatened by internal economic crisis and
rebellion and by increasing pressure to open up the nation to European colonial powers
31. Explain how after the Chinese Revolution of 1911 the nation was unable to unite under a
single government
32. Explain how Japan was able to limit the influence of the European and American colonial
powers and become a strong, modernized, and industrial imperialist power itself
33. Explain how nationalism is the natural response to imperialism and attracted support
from the intelligentsia
34. Explain how the costs associated with the imperial wars combined with the revolutionary
thought in the Enlightenment challenged the authority of monarchs and religion in
Europe
35. Identify and explain the underlying causes and trigger events of the French Revolution
36. Identify and explain the immediate and long term effects of the French Revolution on
France, Europe and the world
37. Explain how revolution in one country helped incite revolution elsewhere
38. Identify the causes of the Industrial Revolution and explain the immediate and long term
impact on Europe and the world
39. Identify the key innovations that increased productivity and drove industrialization
40. Describe the impact of these industrial changes on society and the environment of the
industrializing nations
41. Explain how the Industrial Revolution influenced the rise of new economic and political
ideas
42. Describe the new relationship between the industrialized world and the nonindustrialized world as a result of the Industrial Revolution
43. Explain how the Russian Empire maintained its status as both a European power and a
great Asian land empire
44. Identify new technologies and industries appearing between 1850 and 1900, and explain
how they affected the world economy
45. Explain the changes experienced in societies of the industrial countries during this era
46. Explain how the rise of industrialization contributed to the formation and growth of the
socialist and labor movements
47. Explain why the French Revolution produced a conservative reaction throughout Europe,
leading traditional elites to actively suppress radical movements
48. Describe how European industrialization linked the global economy, as trade in raw
materials and manufactured goods increased in all parts of the world by the end of the
19th century
49. Explain how the rise of nationalism in the 19th century led to the birth and unification of
several new nations based on nationalistic fervor
50. Explain how this nationalistic fervor helped set the world on the path to war by 1914
51. Explain how nationalism transformed from a revolutionary to a conservative ideology
52. Explain how the costs associated with the imperial wars combined with the revolutionary
thought in the Enlightenment challenged the authority of monarchs and religion in
Europe
53. Identify and explain the underlying causes and trigger events of the America Revolution
54. Identify and explain the immediate and long term effects of the American Revolution on
the United States, Latin America and the world
55. Explain how revolution in one country helped incite revolution elsewhere
56. Compare and contrast the ideologies and motivations distinguishing Old Imperialism
from New Imperialism
57. Identify and describe the role the abolition of slavery and the continued growth of British
overseas trade played in the immigration to the Caribbean and elsewhere of peoples from
Africa
58. Identify and explain the motivations of the industrial nations to conquer new territories,
and describe the means they used to accomplish this
59. Explain how and why the American Revolution created the first constitutional democracy
and influenced revolutionary movements throughout the world
60. Explain the forces leading to the creation of limited political democracy in which only a
minority of the population participated in the Americas
61. Explain why independence came to Latin American nations in the 19th century, but the
creation of stable successful governments was difficult
62. Explain how the process of industrialization resulted in a North America that
manufactured goods and a Latin America that supplied the raw materials for these
consumer goods
63. Identify and describe the new social and economic challenges faced by Latin America and
the social reform movements that rose to face the challenges
64. Explain why the United States became the dominant economic and political force in the
Americas and began building and empire after its victory in the Spanish-American War
65. Identify and explain the underlying causes and trigger events of the revolutions for
independence in Latin America
66. Identify and describe the major political challenges faced by the Western Hemisphere
nations in the 19th century
67. Explain how economic modernization and the effects of abolition, immigration, and the
women’s rights change the nations of the Western Hemisphere
Frequently Asked Exam Questions:
 Be able to compare colonial wars and fiscal crisis in different empires as part of the
analysis of empire development
 Study how changes in social structure led to revolution in the 18 th & 19th centuries
 Compare the Haitian Revolution with the French Revolution
 Factors leading to he rise of nationalism
 The transformative effects of the Industrial Revolution are an important topic for the AP
course
 Understand how the Industrial Revolution influenced changes in social structure
 Understand the changes in gender roles that developed as part of the Industrial
Revolution
 Be familiar with the impact and limitations of political reform movements in the 19th
century
 Latin American independence movements are important to understand
 Changes in social structure, such as abolition of slavery, are important concepts to
understand
 Be able to discuss the causes and the effects of demographic changes in various regions
 Be prepared to discuss the impact of new technology on the development of nations
 The environmental changes brought about by migrations and the development of
industry are important topics to understand
 Be familiar with the reforms of the Ottoman Empire, but don’t spend time memorizing
the names of military and political leaders
 Be prepared to compare empires such as the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire
 Be prepared to discuss the impact of outside forces on China in the 19th century
 Nationalism in Africa is an important point for the course
 Understand the effects of slavery in various parts of the world and be prepared to discuss
the end of the slave trade in Africa
 Be sure to understand the expansion of European colonialism and imperialism into all
region of the world
 It important to be able to compare Pan-Africanism and the Indian National Congress
 The transformative effects of new technology on societies are an important topic
 Be able to discuss the environmental impact of 19th century migrations and urban
development
 Ideas about gender and changes in gender structure, such as work patterns, are possible
topics on the essay portion of the exam
 Political dissent and alternative political views are covered on the exam
 Be prepared to discuss the various nationalist movements
 Be familiar with Social Darwinism for the multiple choice section of the exam, but don’t
worry about characteristics of individual philosophers such as Herbert Spencer
 The rise of Western imperialism is an important topic on both the multiple choice section
and the essay section of the exam
 Be able to compare the colonial administrations of African colonies with the colonial
administrations of Indian and Asian colonies
 Be able to discuss examples of successful rejection of imperialism, such as Ethiopia
 Patterns of world trade and the impact of changes in world trade are reoccurring topics
on the AP Exam
AP Exam Tip (Especially for Essays):
 The end of the Atlantic Slave Trade did not mean the end of the slave trade, instead, it
commenced the growth of the slave trade in Africa as African led trading companies in
West Africa and clove plantations in East Africa enslaved thousands of their fellow
Africans throughout the 19th century. Slavery in Africa increasingly took on features of
the oppressive slave societies that had developed in the Western Hemisphere and was not
abolished in Ethiopia until 1932
 The term nationalism often leads to thoughts about how it affected western nations, but
the building of national identity can also be seen in the actions taken by African nations








like Egypt and Ethiopia during the 19th century (construction of Suez Canal, defeat of
Italian troops in Ethiopia, etc.)
Do industrialization and westernization give women more rights? – in the western world
it has resulted in demands of equal treatment, pay and access to political rights, however,
in the Ottoman Empire narrowed the role of some women and did not lead to new
economic opportunities and a decline in political rights , and led to women’s loss of power
over inheritance and property
One of the most important skills in AP World History is the ability to recognize global
patterns and processes, such as industrialization and analyze their effects in various
regions
Nations and groups in Asia and Africa did not become independent in the late 19 th
century, but the dream of nationalism was providing the basis for movements that would
confront colonialism in the 20th century
Comparing how India, China and Japan reacted to foreign influence can help you
understand the growing impact of the west on Asia in the 19th & early 20th centuries –
India (had several regional powers struggling for control), China (the Qing dynasty
retreated to an isolationist stance), Japan (used western ideas and technology to develop
an industrial economy)
Being able to make global comparisons is an essential skill and the impact of
industrialization makes for an interesting global comparison – although industrialization
occurred first in Europe its impact was global (this is a popular multiple choice and free
response topic on the AP World History Exam)
Industrialism had a number of effects on European women in the 19th & early 20th
centuries by creating separate spheres for men and women both at work and at home
(initially, it also limited the economic and political rights of women) – how does the
expansion of industrialism affect women in other regions of the world
Economic and demographic changes are often linked in history – as industrialism
occurred in the 19th & early 20th centuries in the Americas, the proliferation of
manufacturing centers increased demand for raw materials – and additional labor – for
manufacturing leading to millions of immigrants coming to the United States, Canada,
Argentina, Chile and Brazil from Europe (mostly) and Asia (less) leading to increased
urbanization
Old Imperialism by which European powers played an indirect role primarily as traders
in Africa and Asia began to change in the late 19th century as the industrial nations of
Europe began to take political, economic and cultural control of vast regions in Africa and
Asia in what is called New Imperialism or neo-colonialism – for an essay question that
deals with New Imperialism, consider contrasting it with the earlier forms of colonialism
in the Americas