Name______________________________
Unit 2 Classification (chapter 18) Test Review






Know how to read/interpret a cladogram.
Read Miller and Urey’s experiment
Read Germ theory and Koch’s postulates
Know similarities and differences between viruses and living cells.
Be able to give examples of organisms in each of the 6 kingdoms.
Must study from notes, handouts, assignments Use Notes (6 kingdom chart) and textbook to complete
this test review.
1. The science of grouping organisms on the basis of their similarities is called Taxonomy
2. The practice of using two word names for scientific names is known as Binomial Nomenclature.
3. The scientific name consists of what two parts? genus and species
4. Write the name CANIS LUPUS correctly. Canis lupus
5. A dichotomous key gives a list of choices that lead to the name of an organism being identified.
6. Derived characteristics are used to generate a cladogram, a diagram that shows relationships among
groups of organisms in terms of evolution.
7. Traditional classification considered only physical characteristics and structural similarities of
organisms for classifying them.
8. The modern taxonomists study the following characteristics of organisms to determine relationships
among organisms.
Structural similarities, DNA, Biochemical similarities, Embryological development, Reproductive
potential, Evolutionary history.
9. List the 7 levels of taxonomy, from largest (most inclusive) to smallest.
a. Kingdom
e.Family
b. Phylum
f. Genus
c. Class
g. Species
d. Order
10. Complete the chart below.
Domain
Kingdom
Archaea
Archaebacteia
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Fungi, Protista,
Plantae and Animalia.
Eukarya
11. Organisms that do not contain a nucleus are called prokaryotic
Organisms that DO contain a nucleus are called Eukaryotic
12. An organism that can produce its own food is known as a(n) Autotroph
An organism that must obtain food is known as a(n) Heterotroph
13. In what Kingdom do we find most eukaryotes that are either heterotrophic or autotrophic? Protista
14. A new organism was discovered. It has no nucleus and lives in a high-temperature pool. To what
kingdom does it belong? Archaebacteria
15. Another new organism was found nearby. It is a heterotroph, has a cell wall, and gets nutrients from
decomposing matter. To what kingdom does it belong? Fungi, or Eubacteria
16. Another organisms was found that is an autotroph and has no nucleus. To what kingdom does it
belong? Eubacteria (it is cyanobacteria – which can photosynthesize)
17. Scientists have found that humans and yeasts have similar genes for the assembly of certain proteins.
Similar genes are evidence of common ancestry.
18. Which of the following are sister taxa?
 D&E
 B&C
 A&D
 C&D
19. Cladograms
 In the cladogram above which species are sister taxa?
a) Lizard and Chicken
b) Chipmunk and Cougar
 Which species have an amnion (a membrane around an embryo)?
Lizard, Chicken, Chipmunk and Cougar

According
to the
above
cladogram,
did the
chicken
evolve from
the lizard?
No
20. The kingdom Animalia contains many different organisms. Which organism(s) does (do) not have
tissues? Sponge
21. According to the cladogram above, which is (are) correct?
i.
ii.
iii.
salamanders and lizards are sister taxa
lizard evolved from salamanders
lizards, hamsters, and chimpanzees have claws
A. i
B. ii
C. iii
D. i and ii
E. i and iii
F. ii and iii
G. i, ii, and iii
22. If two organisms are similar and can produce fertile offspring, they are probably members of the same
species.
23. What phylum are the classes Reptila and Mammalia in? Chordata
24. Organisms, such as humans, that get their body heat from metabolism are called endothermic.
Reptiles, amphibians, etc that have to use the outside environment to maintain their temp are
ectothermic.
25. Earth’s early atmosphere contained little or no oxygen gas . Cyanobacteria, single-celled prokaryotic
produced oxygen, as an end product of photosynthesis.
26. Using the cladogram below, Determine which two organisms are most closely related.
Reptiles & Birds
27. According to this cladogram, what is a characteristic that birds and living reptiles have that mammals,
amphibians and fish do not?
2 holes in skull behind eye
28. What is the one characteristic that all of these organisms share?
backbone
KINGDOM
PHYLUM
CLASS
ORDER
FAMILY
GENUS
SPECIES
HUMAN
Animalia
Chordate
Mammal
Primates
Hominidae
Homo
sapiens
CHIMPANZEE
Animalia
Chordate
Mammal
Primates
Pongidae
Pan
troglodytes
HOUSE CAT
Animalia
Chordate
Mammal
Carnivora
Felidae
Felis
domestica
LION
Animalia
Chordate
Mammal
Carnivora
Felidae
Felis
leo
HOUSEFLY
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insect
Diptera
Muscidae
Musca
domestica
29. Look at the table above, Which organism is most closely related to the chimp? human
The lion is most closely related to the House cat
30. The graph shown here looks at how mutations
occur at a fairly constant rate. This is called a
Molecular clock
31. Viruses are not considered to be alive according
to the current definition of life? What
characteristics of life do they not show? Cannot
reproduce outside host
A. worms
B. plankton
C. mushrooms
D. E. coli
E. thermophiles
F. prokaryote
G. eukaryote
H. heterotroph
I. autotroph
J. unicellular
K. multicellular
L. has cell wall
M. no cell wall
N. algae
O. dandelion
P. squid
Q. spinach
32. Matching
E,F, H, I, J,L Archaebacteria
D,F, H, I , J, L Eubacteria
B, G,I,K,L,N, Protist
C, G, H, J, K, L, Fungi
G, I, K, L, O, Q Plantae
A, G, H, K, M, P Animalia
33. What procedure did Koch use to identify the cause of a disease?
 Infectious agent must be present in every case of the disease
 Infectious agent must be extracted from an diseased individual, isolated from all other microorganisms, and grown independently in laboratory culture
 The cultured infectious agent, must create the same disease when introduced into a healthy test
individual of the same species
 The supposed infectious agent must be extracted from the test individual and shown to be the same
microorganism
34. Using the dichotomous key below, identify the organism Virginia bluebell
(Hint: All the plants have blue or purple flowers with five petals that are fused together).
35.
More practice:
What are the 6 kingdoms of life?
1. Eubacteria
2. Archaebacteria
3. Protista
4. Fungi
5. Plantae
6. Animalia
Find out kingdom in which the following organisms belong? (Use flipchart available on the website)
1. Mushrooms and yeast - Fungi
2. Most photosynthetic autotrophs - Plantae
3. Homo sapien - Animalia
4. Organism that have wall of chitin - Fungi
5. Invertebrates and vertebrates - Animalia
6. Organisms that live in extreme conditions, at deep ocean vents and hot springs - Archaebacteria
7. Protozoans and brown, yellow, green and red algae - Protista
8. Ferns, shrubs, grasses, trees - Plantae
9. A sea sponge - Animalia
10. Bacteria and blue-green algae - Eubacteria
11. Mammalia & Reptilia - Animalia
12. Mosses - Plantae
13. Mold and mildew - Fungi
14. Paramecium, Amoeba - Protist
15. Single-celled and multi-celled organisms- Fungi & Protista