WWI Aftermath HW Quiz
What agreement ended World War I?
What was Woodrow Wilson’s plan for creating
lasting peace in Europe after World War I?
3. Explain the most important part of Woodrow
Wilson’s plan.
4. What was the name of the panic that occurred
based on fears of a Communist revolution in the
United States?
5. Who was elected because he promised a “return to
normalcy”?
 Bonus (10 points): Which law ended the abuses of
the spoils system?
1.
2.
Guided Reading, pages 570-581
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1. What was the name of the treaty that ended WWI?
2. Which countries were represented in the “Big Four”?
3. What was the purpose of Wilson’s Fourteen Points?
4. What is national self-determination?
5. What part of the Fourteen Points is ultimately adopted?
6. Who is blamed for the war in the treaty?
7. What does the U.S. Senate do regarding the League of Nations?
8. Describe the state of the economy immediately following WWI.
9. Why were the Boston police fired instead of negotiated with?
10. How many steel workers went on strike, and why?
11. Why was there racial tension in northern cities following WWI?
12. During the Red Scare, who/what were Americans afraid of?
13. What did the Palmer Raids do?
14. Who won the election of 1920?
15. What did the Election of 1920 spell the end of?
Aftermath of World War I
Goal 6 and 8
Essential Idea
 The time after World War I was filled with
economic, racial, and political tension.
The “Big Four”
 The group: The “Big Four”
 Who? Leaders of the Allies (United States, Britain, France, and Italy)
 Purpose: Create a peace treaty to end World War I
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
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The Plan: The Fourteen
Points
Who suggested it:
Woodrow Wilson
Causes of War:
Militarism and Alliances
Solution:
Points 1-4 –
disarmament (opposite
of militarism), ending
secret agreements, free
trade
Points 5-13
• Cause of War:
Nationalism
• Solution:
• Points 5-13 –
allow borders
to be drawn
according to
ethnic and
national
identity
The 14th Point
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Cause of War:
Imperialism
Solution:
Point 14 – create a
League of Nations,
whose members
respect each others
territory and
independence
Treaty of Versailles
 The Plan: Treaty of
Versailles
 Who suggested it:
The other Allies,
especially France
It’s Germany’s Fault!
 Part of the Plan: War Guilt Clause
 Significance: Germany was officially blamed for the war
and ordered to pay $33 billion in reparations
Ignoring Most of the Fourteen Points
 Part of the Plan: Redraw European Borders
 Significance: ignored Wilson’s idea that borders should be
drawn according to nationalism
MLS#: 884669
The League of Nations
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Part of the Plan:
Create a League of
Nations
Significance:
This was the only part
of Wilson’s Fourteen
Points that the Treaty
of Versailles adopted
U.S. Doesn’t Join
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Who: Members of
Congress
Led by: Henry Cabot
Lodge
What they did:
Rejected the Treaty
of Versailles and
refused to join the
League of Nations
Fourteen Points
 Who are founding members that stay until the end?
 Who are never members?
 Who is the man?
 What does the bridge represent?
 What is the cartoonist saying about the United States?
Labor Problems
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Government Agency during the war: National
War Labor Board (NWLB)
What it had done: allowed unions to gain
power during the war to make sure that war
materials could be produced
Problems after the war: businesses tried to
get power back, leading to massive strikes
Boston Police Strike
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The event: Boston
Police Strike
What happens: 75%
of Boston’s police
went on strike
How it was resolved:
governor Calvin
Coolidge fired the
police and replaced
them
Coolidge said there is
“no right to strike
against public safety”
Soldiers Can’t Find Work
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What happens during the war: The Great Migration
What it was: 300,000 to 500,000 blacks moved to Northern
factories to get jobs left vacant by World War I soldiers
Problems after the War: Soldiers came home and wanted
their jobs
Chicago Race Riot
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The Event: Chicago Race Riot of 1919
What happened: Fighting erupted between blacks and white
for two weeks
How it was resolved: The National Guard was sent in the
restore order
38 people died and over 500 were injured
The Red Scare
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Events in Russia: Russian
Revolution – the “reds”
(Bolsheviks), led by Lenin,
overthrew the government and
created a communist country, the
Soviet Union
Events in America: Riots and
strikes across America created
instability and disorder
The Red Scare
 Nationwide Panic: The
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Red Scare
People were afraid
that the disorder would
lead to Communists
overthrowing the
United States
What does the Statue
of Liberty represent?
Who is the man behind
the statue?
What is he holding?
What is the message
of the cartoonist?
The Red Scare
 April- the postal service
intercepted over 30
packages containing
bombs
 May- Socialist leader
Eugene V. Debs is put in
jail
 Communists and socialists
held a violent riot in protest
The Red Scare
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June: Eight
bombs go off at
the same time in
eight cities
One damages the
house of the
Attorney General,
A. Mitchell Palmer
A. Mitchell Palmer
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New Agency: Palmer
establishes what
eventually becomes the
FBI (Federal Bureau of
Investigation)
The Palmer Raids
 The Palmer Raids:
federal agents began
raiding meetings
believed to be
attempting rebellions
 The government
detained thousands and
deported about 600
 Why controversial? The
raids ignored the right
to a search warrant and
to a lawyer
(unconstitutional?)
 The Palmer Raids
Election of 1920
 Effect of the Red Scare on Americans:
people were TIRED of the CHAOS
 The “Era” of the time: the Progressive
Era, a time of big changes to society
 In 1916, who
was the
Progressive
candidate?
 In 1916, which
area voted for
Wilson?
 In 1920, which
area has stopped
voting for the
Progressive
candidate (Cox)?
 What does this
mean for the
Progressive Era?
Returning to Normalcy
 Election of 1920: Warren
G. Harding campaigned
for a “return to normalcy”
(getting back to a simpler
time before Progressivism
and world wars)
 Effect: Harding won the
election, and the
Progressive Era ended