Diffusion, Osmosis, Cellular Respiration &
Photosynthesis
Passive Transport
 Particles move from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration.
 NO ENERGY REQUIRED TO MAKE THIS WORK
 AKA diffusion
Diffusion
 Particles travel from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration.
 This process does not require any energy from
the cell.

http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_diffusion_works.
html
Osmosis
 A special kind of diffusion: Diffusion of
water
 Diffusion of water through the cell
membrane that is so important that it has
its own special name.

http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_osmosis_works.html

http://www.indiana.edu/~phys215/lecture/lecnotes/diff.html
More Osmosis…
 Water moves from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration.
 See the picture on page 85
Osmosis and the Blood Cell
p.85
 Putting the blood cell
in pure water without
salts makes water move
INTO the cell by
osmosis. The cell will
look bloated.
 The water “tries to
balance itself on both
sides of the
membrane”.
Questions to Answer
 What would happen
if we put the cell in
super salty
solution? Draw
what it would look
like below.
Active Transport
 Active Transport-The cell must use energy to
move things into or out of the cell.
 This is against the normal direction of
diffusion: From an area of LOW concentration
to an area of HIGH concentration.
Movement of Large Particles
Into Cell
 Endocytosis- Cell membrane surrounds a
particle and encloses it in a vesicle.
 See p. 87
 Moves things INTO the cell

http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/BI12/unit4/U04L05/endocytosis_final.html
Movement of Large Particles
OUT of the Cell.
 Exocytosis- Vesicles are formed at the ER or
Golgi Complex and are in a “packet” that moves to
the cell membrane for release.
 Moves things OUT of the cell.
 http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/BI12/unit4/U04L05/exocytosis.html
Cellular Respiration
 NOT the same as respiration or
breathing…but breathing is required so that
cellular respiration can occur
 Cellular respiration- The process where the
cell produces ATP (energy) in the cell from O2
and glucose; carbon dioxide and water are the
products.
Cellular Respiration
 ALL ORGANISMS RESPIRE!
 Know this Equation!!!
Reactants
Products
6O2 + C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
oxygen
glucose (sugar) carbon dioxide water energy
Where did they come from?
Where are they going?
air
food
waste
waste
Aerobic respiration: requires oxygen to be present.
Makes 46 ATP’s
Used/Stored
Fermentation
 Remember “Feel the Burn”?
 Fermentation is a process that makes
energy in the absence of O2 which is known
as anaerobic respiration.
 Some organisms rely solely on
fermentation.
 Yeast and some bacteria make CO2 and
alcohol as a product of the process.
Plant Food (Photosynthesis)
 Plants have chlorophyll that capture light energy to
change CO2 and H2O into food (glucose).
 Know this Equation!!!
 http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/486/498596/CDA7_1/CDA7_1b/CDA7
_1b.htm
Products
6CO2
Sun
+ 6H2O + 
carbon dioxide
water
Where did they come from?
air or respiration
(same)
Reactants
C6H12O6 + 6O2
glucose (sugar)
oxygen
Where are they going?
respiration
respiration
fruit
air
Connecting Photosynthesis and
Cellular Respiration
Answer the following on the back of your notes page:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Draw the figure on p. 90 on your own piece of paper.
Answer the following questions on the back
What do you notice about the two equations for
photosynthesis & respiration?
What happens to the ATP? Where does it go?
How is ATP used by the cell?
Explain in 3 sentences or more what is happening in
this figure.
How is the cell’s use of CO2 and H2O like people
recycling glass and paper?
Other
Processes
 Digestion- Taking in food to break down for
energy
 Waste Disposal- Products of cellular
respiration and unneeded products.
 Growth- Using energy to increase in size.
 Reproduction- To generate offspring with all or
shared characteristics of the parents.