Please be sure to read and study the following notes/foldables: ecology vocab
foldable, succession notes, food web and food chain notes, levels of
organization foldable, symbiosis notes, populations notes.
1. Define the following words:
a. Heterotroph
b. Autotroph
c. Decomposers
d. Detrivores
e. Herbivores
f. Carnivores
g. Omnivores
h. Food web
i. Trophic levels
2. What is the 10% rule when it pertains to energy?
3. Explain the following 3 types of pyramids:
a. Numbers
b. Biomass
c. Energy
4. What is the original source of energy for a food chain/web?
Draw a simple food chain using information
from the generalized energy pyramid.
Use the diagram of the marine food web to answer the following
questions1.
Which of these best describes the role of the krill in this food
web?
A. decomposer
B. primary consumer
C. producer
D. secondary consumer
Which of these best describes the role of the leopard seal in
this food web?
E. tertiary consumer
F. primary consumer
G. producer
H. secondary consumer
Which of these best describes the role of the phytoplankton in this food web?
I.
tertiary consumer
J. primary consumer
K. producer
L.
secondary consumer
TYPES OF SYMBIOSIS
M- Mutualism- a symbiotic relationship that benefits both organisms involved.
C- Commensalism- a symbiotic relationship that benefits one organism and the
other is not helped nor harmed.
P- Parasitism- a symbiotic relationship that benefits one organism and the other is
harmed.
Directions: Put the letter (M,C,P) by the statement that best describes the type of
symbiosis.
____ 1. A tick living on a dog.
____ 2. The honeyguide bird leading the honey badger to the bees hive, both eat the
honey.
____ 3. A tapeworm living in a 7th grade students intestines.
____ 4. A bird building their nest in a tree.
____ 5. The hermit crab carrying the sea anemone on its back.
____ 6. Head lice living on a human scalp.
____ 7. The ants and the acacia tree living together and both receiving benefit.
____ 8. The egret, an insect eating bird, grazing near some herbivores mouth.
____ 9. Orchids growing in tall tropical trees, the trees are not harmed but the orchids
get sunlight.
____10 Bacteria living on a human’s skin.
____11. The remora hitching a ride on a shark.
____12. Bees and a flower.
____13. Bacteria living in the intestines of a cow to help it break down cellulose.
____14. The clownfish and the sea anemone.
____15. A 7th grader and their pet.
____16. The rhino and the tick bird that eats ticks off of the rhino.
____17. The lichen- a close relationship of a fungus and algae that benefits both.
1.
What is the difference between an organism’s niche and its habitat?
2.
For each type of symbiotic relationship, complete the chart with details about how each
organism is impacted. Use the terms “Benefits,” “Harmed” or “No Impact.” For each
situation, assume that Organism A initiates the relationship.
Symbiotic
Relationship
Mutualism
Organism A
Organism B
Commensalism
Parasitism
3.
How is parasitism different from predation?
4.
Label the following pictures with “Mutualism,” “Commensalism” or “Parasitism.” And explain
the reason why you choose that label:
____________________________
____________________________
______________________
MAIN IDEA:
Populations may increase or decrease due to the
availability of resources, predator presence and environmental change.
Choose a word from the box below that best completes each
sentence.
births
increases
emigration
deaths
immigration
abundant
1. When resources are ___________________ in a particular area, individuals may move into the
population of this area. This movement of individuals into a population from a different
population is called _______________________.
2. A very cold winter has left many deer in a population hungry and sick. By the end of the
winter, this population will likely decrease because of __________________.
6. A deer population experiences growth when the rate of reproduction __________________.
This change in population size is due to _____________________.
3. As humans move into their territory, many members of a deer population move away and
join other herds. This movement of individuals out of a population into a new population is
called ________________________.
4. How does the availability of resources affect population growth?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
The population of a predator can be limited by the available prey, and the population of prey
can be limited by being caught for food. Use the information in the graph below to answer the
questions that follow.
5) Describe the pattern seen in the graph above.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
6) How does the wolf population affect the carrying capacity of the moose population?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
POPULATIONS
7. Look at the graph to the right,
What is it showing?
8. What are limiting factors?
9. What is a carrying capacity?
10.What causes populations to increase?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
11. What causes populations to decrease?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Use the venn diagram below to compare the two factors
Density Dependent
Density Independent
Environmental
Limiting
Factors
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
1. Please recreate the organization pyramid using the following terms: Biome, Population,
Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Organism. Then label the diagram to the right of
the pyramid with the same terms.
2. What is the first level in the pyramid that abiotic and biotic factors would exist together?
3. At the ecosystem level, list some factors that would be included for the first time (the ABIOTIC FACTORS).
4. Give the definition of as well as an example of:
a. organism –
b. population –
c. community –
d. ecosystem –
5. Defend this claim: “Without abiotic factors, such as oxygen and water, no ecosystem could survive.”
6. List the abiotic and biotic factors in the picture below.
7 Match each biome with the correct description below. Each biome may be used more than once or
not at all.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
deciduous forest
tropical rain forest
taiga/coniferous forest
grassland
tundra
desert
1. dominant plants are grasses _____
2. dominant plants are cone-bearing evergreen trees ____
3. has greatest variety of organisms on Earth ____
4. populated by caribou, reindeer, snowy owls, geese ____
5. dominant plants lose their leaves every autumn ____
6. cold, dry, treeless biomes in the far north/permafrost ____
8. Describe the difference between PRIMARY SUCCESSION and SECONDARY
SUCCESSION________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________