Chapter 11: Modern Atomic Theory Purpose

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Chapter 11: Modern Atomic Theory

Purpose

The arrangement of an atom’s valence electrons plays a role in its chemical properties.

The periodic table is a valuable tool for understanding the relationships between and properties of elements.

The placement of elements on the periodic table is based on both the properties and atomic number of the elements. These properties can be explained by atomic structure, including electron configuration.

A and B In-Class

11/16 and 11/17 

Chapter 11 Notes

Glow Stick Demo

11/18 and 11/19 

Finish Chapter 11 Notes

CCC – Vocabulary

11/20 

Go over Chapter 11

11/23

11/24

Worksheet #1

Periodic Table Activity

Go over Chapter 11

Worksheet #1

Naming Cipher

CCC – Orbitals

Video

Go over Chapter 11

11/25 - 11/27

11/30

12/1 and 12/2

12/3 and 12/4

Worksheet #2

Naming Cipher

CCC – Orbitals

Video

Thanksgiving Break

Go over Chapter 11

Worksheet #2

Periodic Table Activity

Go over Chapter 11

Worksheet #3

Lab – Flame Test*

Go over Chapter 11 Review

Sheet

Chapter 11 Test

* This lab requires appropriate lab attire!!

HW Assignments

Chapter 11 Worksheet #1

Chapter 11 Worksheet #2

Chapter 11 Worksheet #2

Chapter 11 Worksheet #3

Chapter 11 Worksheet #3

Chapter 11 Review Sheet

Study for Test!!

Vocabulary

wavelength frequency speed of light excited state ground state orbital sublevels electron configuration valence electrons kernel (core) electrons

Aufbau Principle

Hund’s Rule

Pauli Exclusion principle

Mendeleev

Moseley group/family period alkali metal alkaline earth metal transition metals halogens noble gas atomic radius

Ionization energy

By the end of this Topic, you should be able to demonstrate proficiency in the following areas:

Essential Understandings

Electron configuration is the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an atom based on their energy level.

Electrons are added one at a time to the lowest energy levels first (Aufbau Principle). Electrons occupy equal-energy orbitals so that a maximum number of unpaired electrons results (Hund’s Rule).

 Energy levels are designated 1–7. Orbitals are designated s, p, d, and f according to their shapes and relate to the regions of the Periodic Table. An orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons (Pauli

Exclusion Principle).

Atoms can gain, lose, or share electrons within the outer energy level.

Discoveries and insights related to the atom’s structure have changed the model of the atom over time.

Historical models have included solid sphere, plum pudding, nuclear, and planetary models.

The modern atomic theory is called the quantum mechanical model.

The periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic numbers.

The names of groups and periods on the periodic chart are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens, and noble gases.

Periods and groups are named by numbering columns and rows. Horizontal rows called periods have predictable properties based on an increasing number of electrons in the outer energy levels. Vertical columns called groups or families have similar properties because of their similar valence electron configurations.

The Periodic Law states that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic numbers, their physical and chemical properties show a periodic pattern.

Periodicity is regularly repeating patterns or trends in the chemical and physical properties of the elements arranged in the periodic table.

Atomic radius is the measure of the distance between radii of two identical atoms of an element. Atomic radius decreases from left to right and increases from top to bottom within given groups.

Shielding effect is constant within a given period and increases within given groups from top to bottom.

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from a neutral atom.

Ionization energies generally increase from left to right and decrease from top to bottom of a given group.

Knowledge, and Skills

 determine the number of valence electrons and from an element’s electron configuration.

 write the electron configuration for elements of the periodic table.

 differentiate between the historical and quantum models of the atom.

 identify key contributions of principal scientists : Bohr, Planck, Heisenberg, de Broglie, Mendeleev, and

Moseley

distinguish between a group and a period.

 identify key groups, periods, and regions of elements on the periodic table.

 identify and explain trends in the periodic table as they relate to ionization energy, shielding effect, and relative sizes.

 compare an element’s reactivity to the reactivity of other elements in the table.

 relate the position of an element on the periodic table to its electron configuration.

SOL Standards

CH.2 The student will investigate and understand that the placement of elements on the periodic table is a

function of their atomic structure. The periodic table is a tool used for the investigations of d) families or groups; e) periods; f) trends including atomic radii, shielding effect, and ionization energy; g) electron configurations, valence electrons, and oxidation numbers; i)historical and quantum models

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