nd
2
Quarter Exam Review
Helpful Pages R5-R7
Topics Covered
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Geography-pages
Reconstruction-pages
Moving West-pages
Immigration- pages
– City Problems & Inventions-pages
– Big Business-pages
• Progressive Era-pages
• Spanish American War-pages
• World War I-pages
What are the 4 significant cities of the
Northeast Region?
4 significant cities of the Northeast
Region
•
New York City
* Pittsburgh
•
Boston
* Philadelphia
What are the states in the Southwest
Region?
Southwest Region
Arizona
New Mexico
Texas
Oklahoma
What are the Noncontiguous states?
Noncontiguous Region
Alaska
Hawaii
What are the 3 significant cities in the
Midwest?
What are the 3 significant cities in the
Midwest?
• Chicago
St. Louis
Detroit
Thirteenth Amendment
th
13
Ended/banned slavery
Fourteenth Amendment
14th
Citizenship to Blacks and full protection
under the law (life, liberty & property).
Fifteenth Amendment
15th
Right to vote for men regardless of race,
color or previous condition of servitude.
W.E.B. Du Bois
Segregation should be stopped now
• FULL political, civil, and social rights for
African Americans.
Booker T. Washington
Accepted segregation
• Equality gained through vocational
education
N.A.A.C.P
National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
• Challenged segregation laws
• Fought for equal rights for blacks
1 Reconstruction Policy
African Americans could hold political
positions
2nd Reconstruction Policy
Union soldiers supervised the South
What were the restrictions that
made it difficult for African
Americans to vote?
• Literacy Test
• Grandfather Clause
• Poll Tax
How did our view change of the
great plains
Change of Perspective
TREELESS
WASTELAND
VAST AREA TO BE
SETTLED
What are the physical features of
the great plains?
Flat lands
Low rainfall
Erosion
Dust storms
What are the reasons for
westward expansion?
Why did we move West?
Land
Adventure
Railroad
Gold
Escape discrimination
What are the new technologies
of the great plains
Windmills
Steel
Plow
Wheat
Farming
Railroads
Barbed Wire
Sod Houses
Reaper
Beef Cattle
Ranching
Transcontinental Railroad
• Moved cattle from East to West
• Transported iron ore to steel factories
• Moved products to national markets
Chief Joseph
“I am tired of fighting…from where
the sun now stands, I will fight no
more forever.”
Attempted to lead his people into Canada to escape the U.S. government
Reservation
Native American tribes forced off their
own land
Assimilation
The US government’s attempt to
change American Indians to fit into US
culture
What was the 1st law passed that
limited immigration in the US?
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
What is a primary source?
st
1
hand account of an event
Example: Diary of a soldier from WWI
What is a quota?
LIMITS ON
NUMBER OF
IMMIGRANTS
WHO CAN
ENTER A
COUNTRY
Immigration Processing Centers
Asian immigration station
Angel Island- California
European immigration station
Ellis Island- New York
What was the biggest wave of
Immigrants?
South Eastern Europe
1880-1920
Immigration
PUSH
Factors
Why did people leave their country
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oppressive governments
Poverty
Overcrowding
Crop failures
Starvation and disease
Limited land
Why did immigration
increase?
PULL
Factors
Why did people come to America
•
•
•
•
•
Hope for better opportunities
Escape oppressive governments
Adventure!
Religious freedom
Jobs (industry – not farming)
Where did people moved to find
more and better job opportunities?
Better job opportunities in the city
Moved from rural areas (farms)
to urban areas (cities)
Labor Force
The workers in an industry
Captains of Industry
Leaders that used their business skills
to make businesses
Henry Ford
Andrew Carnegie
Specialized Industry
Detroit
Automobiles (cars)
Specialized Industry
Pittsburgh
Steel
Who invented the light bulb?
Thomas Edison
Who invented the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
Allowed people to communicate almost instantly
Who founded the Hull House?
Jane Adams
Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Susan B. Anthony
Fought for women’s suffrage
The right to vote
19th Amendment gave women the
right to vote
What organization fought for
better working conditions
American Federation of Labor
AFL
Political Machine
• Controls the police and the courts
• Gained power by assisting immigrants to find
housing
What are the causes and results
of the Spanish American War?
Causes
• Protection of American
Business interest in
Cuba
• America supported
Cuban independence
from Spain
• The sinking of the U.S.S.
Maine
• Exaggerated news
reports
Results
• The United States
became a world power
• Cuba gained
independence from
Spain
• The United States
gained
– Puerto Rico
– Guam
– Philippines
Why did the United States build
the Panama Canal?
To protect the newly acquired
territories
Puerto Rico, Guam, and the
Philippines
What message is the author
trying to send?
Theodore Roosevelt is attempting to
walk softly, but will use a big stick to
accomplish his purpose
What is Imperialism?
Using power to get control of
weaker nations
What is militarism?
A policy of glorifying military
power
What is Nationalism?
A policy of taking extreme pride
in one’s country
What is an Alliance?
Agreements between nations to
protect each other
What was the “spark” that
started WWI?
The assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand
What is a German submarine?
U-Boat
What is Propaganda?
Ideas or information designed and
distributed to influence peoples’
opinion
What is the Zimmermann
Telegram?
Telegram from Germany asking
Mexico to invade the U.S.
What are the 3 reason for the
U.S. becoming involved in WWI?
• Propaganda portraying Germans as a threat in
America
• Sinking of the Lusitania
• Economic and political ties to Great Britain
What is an Armistice?
A temporary agreement to stop
fighting
What was the FINAL point in
Wilson’s 14th point plan?
The League of Nations
What country was NOT represented
at the Paris Peace Conference?
Germany
Which country never signed the
Treaty of Versailles?
The United States
What are Reparations?
A debt a losing nation must pay
Example: Germany
What is Isolationism?
A decision to avoid political or
economic involvement with other
nations
Example: U.S. after WWI
What is neutrality?
A state of being neutral, on
neither side of a fight
especially nonparticipation in war
Name the Central & Allied
Powers
Central Powers
•
•
•
•
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria
Ottoman Empire
Allied Powers
• France
• Britain
• Russia
• United States