Atomic Structure Notes (Chapter Two: Section One)
I. An Atom is the basic unit of matter.
It is made up of _______________particles
Particle
Neutron
Mass
Location
Charge
Proton
Electron
AMU = Atomic Mass Unit
Periodic Block
6
C
Carbon
12.011
II. Bohr Models
A. Bohr Models are __________________ to represent atomic structure. Bohr said that
_________________ move in specific ______________________. The further that electrons are
located away from the nucleus, the more _____________ it is said to have.
Energy Level
Max # of Electrons
1
2
3
Create a Bohr Model for the atom Beryllium (Be).
4
Be
Beryllium
9.01
B. Valence Electron – Electrons in the __________________ energy level.
III. The Periodic Table
A. Periods – Run __________________ on the periodic table. They share the number of
_______________________ in common.
B. Groups – Run ___________________ on the periodic table. They share the same
_________________ number. Group 18 are called the Noble Gases because their outer energy level
is full.
IV. Bonding
Chemical Bonding – _____________________________________________________________________.
A. Ionic Bonds – ________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________.
Ions – are ______________ particles that form when an electron is either ____________ or ___________.
Example: Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
1. Sodium has a valence of ______. When sodium loses the outermost electron to a chloride atom, it
becomes a sodium ________.
2. Because sodium has one more proton (+) than electron (-) its charge is now ____________ and
written like this ___________.
3. Since the chloride atom gains an electron and becomes a _____________ ion, it is written like
_______. The Bohr model would look like the following (page 38):
B. Covalent Bonds – _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________.
Example: Methane CH4