Mussolini and Stalin
Agenda
1. Bell Ringer: What’s the purpose of the Nuremburg Laws? (5)
2. Lecture: Mussolini and Stalin, Interwar Period (20)
3. Great Purge Video Clip (10)
4. Propaganda and Source Documentation
Germany- (10)
Soviet Union- (10)
Italy- (10)
5. A new dictator? Vladimir Putin and Russia. (5)
6. Compare and Contrast Mussolini and Stalin
Definition of Fascism
• Fascism was a
revolution against the
“liberal government”
• Authoritarianism,
militarism, and a oneruler philosophy
dominated this
governmental structure.
Italy
• Fascism becomes popular
in 1920 after humiliation
in the war.
• “Strong in Unity”
• Mussolini and Blackshirts
attempt to take the
government by force in
1922.
• Fascists win victory
through intimidation and
violence.
Il Duce
• Mussolini ruled with
violence and repression.
• Newspapers were
censored.
• Dissenters were
murdered openly.
• “Duce” = Leader
• Believe, Obey, Fight!
Attacking Ethiopia
• Italy wanted a resurgence
of the classical Roman
Empire.
• They attacked and took
control of Ethiopia, other
countries condemned
their actions.
– Imperialism and the
Scramble for Africa was
done by 1900, this attack
was seen as atrocious.
Stalin
• Emerges after the death
of Lenin in 1924.
• Dictatorship grows
through deporting
dissenters like Trotsky and
literally erasing them
from history.
• Five-Year plans dominate
after 1928.
• Only country not affected
by the Depression
Five Year Plans
• 5 Year, Agriculture –
– Collective Agriculture.
– Agriculture prices fell
because of
overproduction, and
farmers withheld goods
• 5 Year, Industry
– 1500 new factories
constructed for automobile
and tractor manufacture.
– Food and items rationed
depending on help.
The Great Purge
• Removal of old Bolsheviks
from Communist Party.
• All claimed to be “enemies
of the state” and either
forced into labor camps or
executed.
• Confessions were forced
through torture.
• Minorities executed.
• Stalin killed to strike fear in
Civilians, fear=order and no
political dissidents.
Propaganda and Censorship
• Information censored
through the GLAVLIT.
• Anything anti-political,
or may present a
security risk.
• Anything that is
negative towards Soviet
government or
describes living
conditions.
• http://www.washington
post.com/world/vladimi
r-putin-his-many-featsofstrength/2012/09/05/f7
281be2-f7a7-11e18b93c4f4ab1c8d13_gallery.h
tml#item17
Compare and Contrast
• Compare and Contrast Stalin and Mussolini.
How are they similar? Different? Look at the
following factors
– Leadership
– Gaining Power
– Type of Government
– Did they have to bring a country out of
Depression?
Quick Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
What are the Nuremburg Laws?
How does Hitler take power in 1932?
What is hyperinflation?
How does the Great Depression affect
Germany?