The Cold War (________-________)
Think: write 3 words that you think of when you hear… COLD WAR:
______________________
______________________
______________________
Cold War – _______________________ or ______________ but NO ________________________
between the __________________________ and the ___________________________________________

This rivalry divided the world into _________________ ________________ (capitalism vs.
communism)
Everything you need to know about the ORIGINS of the COLD WAR
1. The Yalta Conference (meeting in______________________) Feb, 1945
 Meeting of the “___________________________” (Stalin, ____________________, Churchill)

Met to discuss the plan of post war Europe

Decided to __________________Germany into __________ countries

Roosevelt and Churchill agreed that _________________ had the right
to control the governments of ______________________ after the war
2. Rivalry between the Unites States and the USSR
USA:
USSR:
- Encouraged ___________________ and
_______________________
- Encouraged_______________________ and
_______________________
- Worked to ___________________________ or
stop the spread of communism
- Worked to stop the US influence in ___________
Europe
3. Capitalism vs. Communism
CAPITALISM – an ____________________ system
where business is ___________________ owned and
___________ is used to make more _____________
COMMUNISM – an ____________________ system
where people _____________ work fairly and
____________ equally
- “_____________ _______________” – everyone is
_____________ to pursue any economic activity
- The goal is to get rid of __________ ____________
and make everything fair for everyone
- Capitalism creates ___________ ____________ upper, middle, and poor
- The _____________ was _____________________
and ruled by a ________________________
- The government controlled all businesses
4. The “Iron Curtain”

_______________________ and the western half of ____________________ and Berlin was made up
of ______________________ nations

______________________ and the eastern half of _____________________ and Berlin was
______________________________

Iron Curtain - divided them – also divided ________________ in
__________________ Europe and __________________ in
_____________ Europe
On the map to the right:
1. Shade Western Europe BLUE and shade Eastern Europe RED.
2. HIGHLIGHT the “Iron Curtain”.
5. President Truman and the Policy of Containment
 President ___________________ did not like
_________________________________

Truman created a policy of _________________________ - to __________ the spread of
______________________________

Marshall Plan (created by George Marshall) provided ___________ (money) to countries in
________________ to rebuild after WWII.

The goal was to stop the spread of ____________________________________
REVIEW:
1. Capitalism vs. Communism - write CAP for Capitalism or COM for Communism:
_____ encourages “free enterprise”
_____ Business owned privately
_____ No social classes
_____ Money is used to make more money
_____ Work and pay shared equally
2. Matching
_____ created by President Truman to stop the spread of communism
A. Cold War
_____ the goal was to stop the spread of communism
B. Yalta Conference
_____ tension but no fighting between the USA and USSR
C. Iron Curtain
_____ divided West and East Europe AND Democracy and Communism
D. Policy of Containment
_____ at this meeting, the Big Three decided Stalin could control countries
in East Europe
E. Marshall Plan
Major CONFLICTS of the Cold War (________-________)
1. NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

North __________________ Treaty ________________________ (1949): _____________________
alliance with ______________, Canada, and_______ _________________ European countries

Warsaw Pact (1955): USSR viewed ________________ as a threat and created the Warsaw Pact
o ______________________ alliance between USSR and seven _________________ European
countries
Use the map to complete the
following:
Shade NATO (Area One)
BLUE
Shade Warsaw Pact (Area Two)
RED.
2. Nuclear Weapons and the Theory of Deterrence






Soviet Union exploded its first Atomic bomb in ________________________
Now there were two countries with nuclear weapons.
Cold war led to an ________________________________ and fear of WWIII involving nuclear
weapons
Theory of Deterrence: the US was able and ___________________ to respond to any Soviet
_______________________ attack with an ___________________ destructive strike
An attack would result in the ___________of the ____________and because of this was known, an
attack _____________________occurred.
Deterrence is the opposite of __________________________________________.
Write one word to summarize the THEORY OF DETERRENCE and one
sentence explaining why you picked that word.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
3. Korean War (________________-________________)

Korea: a ________________________________ colony divided into ______________ Korean nations
(__________ __________________)
o North Korean: Kim Il-Sung controlled _______________________ North
o South Korea: Syngman Rhee controlled ___________________________ South

North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950 in a surprise attack

________________ __________________ committed US forces to defend
________________________

Truman thought North Korea was repeating what the Axis powers tried to accomplish
in the 1930s

General MacArthur led UN forces against North Korea

___________________________________ the leader of China sent troops in to fight MacArthur and
the US

In 1953, North and South Korea signed an armistice (_____________________) leaving Korea divided
along the __________________________________
In your own words, how did the Korean War end?

Stalin dies in 1953 - __________________________________ emerges as the leader of
the Soviet Union.
4. Berlin Wall (__________)

To stop people from moving to ____________ Berlin from communism, a _____________ was built on
the border of east and west _______________________ to separate the two.

Called the __________________________________
What does “Ich bin ein Berliner” mean? Who said it?
5. Cuban Missile Crisis (______________)

_____________________________ became the dictator of _______________ in 1959

Cuba is now a _____________________________ country

US intelligence discovered that ______________ _______________ (led by Khrushchev) began
building nuclear _________________ ___________ in Cuba

Cuba is only ____________ miles from the US

President ______________________ demanded that the
missiles be __________________________

US sets up a ____________________________ to stop the
Soviets from bringing more weapons into Cuba

The US also set up missiles in ____________________
 The blockade caused Khrushchev to remove the missiles
“We went eyeball-to-eyeball with the Russians, and the
other man blinked”!
What do you think this quote means? Explain your answer in
one or two sentences.
6. Vietnam War: ___________ - ___________

During Imperialism, Vietnam became a ___________________
colony in the 1880’s

Vietnam became independent in 1945.

Communist leader _________________________________ takes
power in 1950
Vietnam Divided
NORTH Vietnam
SOUTH Vietnam

___________________________________

___________________________________

Supported by ________________________

Supported by _______________________

Led by _____________________________

Led by _____________________________
•
Vietnam was partitioned (divided) in 1954 along the ________ ______________________________
Vietnam (1954 - 1959)

1954 – The country was divided (17th parallel) and agreed to hold an ____________________________
in 1956 to __________________________________ the country.

1956 - Diem cancels election in fear of losing.

Diem is eventually overthrown by a military coup (backed by the US) because of his corrupt and
dictator like rule.
•
North Vietnam leader was Ho Chi Minh.
•
North Vietnam _____________________________ called ___________________________________.
•
1956 – Because the election fails Ho Chi Minh attempts to reunite the country with ___________ (war).
•
1959 – Viet Cong invades ________________________.
Vietnam War: US Involvement
•
________________________________________ not working in SE Asia.
•
Fear of communism created the “____________________________ ____________________” – the
belief that if one country became __________________________, others would fall like a row of
__________________________.
•
The U.S. starts to send in ______________________ to stop the spread of
______________________________ in South Vietnam and neighboring countries like Laos and
Cambodia.
U.S. Involvement: Gulf of Tonkin
•
1964 – 2 U.S. battleships stationed in the __________________________________________________
in Vietnam claimed they were fired upon by North Vietnamese forces.
•
In response, Congress passed the ________________________________________________________,
allowing President Johnson to “take any measures he believed were necessary to retaliate and to
promote the maintenance of international peace and security in Southeast Asia”.
•
This became the legal basis for the Vietnam War.
Obstacles for U.S. Success in Vietnam
1 – South Vietnamese are ______________________
2 - US is no match for the Viet Cong and
to fight the North.
_________________________________________.
•
Many switch sides to support the North/Viet
•
Cong.
Home field advantage. They know the land
well & use surprise attacks
•
Ho Chi Minh Trail
3 - __________ soldiers ____________________ why
4 - Vietnam had a purpose or ___________________
they are fighting.
___________________________________________.
•
Soldiers were used as bait to draw out the Viet
Cong.
•
•
Vietnam was fighting for unification and
independence.
Difficult to succeed - little land was gained for
the US & quickly lost to Viet Cong.
Tet Offensive
•
January 31, 1968 - 70,000 North Viet Cong forces surprise attacked more than 100 cities and towns in
South Vietnam.
•
North takes over South capital, ________________________________________.
•
___________________________________________________________________________________.
“Vietnamization”

President Nixon began a plan called ______________________________________ - gradual pull out of
US troops

1973 – cease fire was signed

1975 – North Vietnam attacked South Vietnam

Today, Vietnam is a united ______________________________ country

In the United States, Americans were ____________________________ on whether our military should
be involved in Vietnam
REVIEW
Identify the conflict that is described below. Write Korea, Cuba, or Vietnam.
__________ Ho Chi Minh, a communist leader,
rose to power in 1950
__________ MacArthur and the US helped the
South, while Mae Zedong and China helped the
North
__________ divided along the 17th parallel
__________Only 90 miles from USA
__________ US intelligence discovered missiles
here
__________ Today, this country is a united
communist country
__________ divided along the 38th parallel
__________ Led by Fidel Castro
__________ Today, this country is still divided
End of Cold War
The Collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union: ________________
1. Soviet Union Economic Collapse

War in _____________________________ - 10 year war that was expensive for the USSR

1980s – _______________ (poor) in the USSR: people formed long lines to get food

1986 – a nuclear disaster of ________________________________ in Ukraine furthered
Soviet’s economic decline.

Hundreds died – most costly non – natural disaster in modern history
Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-1991): General Secretary and wanted to change for the Soviet People
_______________ – Soviet policy of ___________ ___________ of ideas and information
Gave Soviet’s the chance to discuss ways to improve society:
 Churches re-opened
 Allowed publication of books
 Allowed to openly speak out against policies
_______________ – restructuring Soviet economy to ____________ more local decision making
(1985)
Ultimate Goal – Not throw out communism, but make the system more efficient and productive.
2. Tearing down the ___________________________________

Gorbachev let the East Germans know the Soviet soldiers would no longer be used to hold two
Germany’s apart and they took the wall down

Wall comes down in ___________________
3. Break up of the USSR

Numerous conflicts throughout the USSR gave states the chance to break away and form their own
_________________________ nation.