Effective Leadership and
Management in Nursing
EIGHTH EDITION
CHAPTER
17
Motivating and
Developing Staff
Learning Outcomes
1. Describe how motivation and ability
affect job performance.
2. Discuss how different theories explain
motivation.
3. Explain how orientation, preceptors,
and on-the-job instruction can help
motivate staff.
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Learning Outcomes
4. Describe the benefits of nurse
residency programs, career
advancement strategies, and
leadership development on motivation.
5. Discuss why succession planning is
essential to the future.
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Categories of Job Performance
Daily job performance
Attendance
Punctuality
Adherence to policies and procedures
Absence of incidents, errors, and
accidents
• Honesty and trustworthiness
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Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Motivated Employees
• Are preferred by nurse managers
• Strive to find the best ways to do their
jobs
• Are more likely to be productive than
nonmotivated employees
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Content Theories
• Emphasize individual needs or rewards
that may satisfy those needs
• Two types
– Instinct
 Instincts are inherited
– Need
 Motives are learned behaviors
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Content Theories
• Instinct theories criticized for inability
to pinpoint motivating behaviors and
awareness of variability in strengths of
instincts across individuals
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Process Theories
• Emphasize how motivation works to
direct staff's performance
• Process theories include:
– Reinforcement
– Expectancy
– Equity
– Goal-setting
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Orientation
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•
Reduces new employee's anxiety
Socializes employee into the workplace
Contributes to unit effectiveness
Corrects unrealistic expectations
Reduces turnover
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
On-the-Job Instruction
• New employee is assigned to an
experienced nurse peer, preceptor, or
nurse manager
• Employee learns on the job
• Employees serving as educators must
be selected wisely and prepared for the
task
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Preceptors
• Preceptor model assists new nurses and
rewards experienced staff nurses
• Socializes new nurse and familiarizes
with unit functions
• Preceptor is role model who
demonstrates tasks and problem
solving, evaluates, and provides
feedback
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Mentoring
• Occurs over longer period and involves
greater investment of energy than
precepting
• Typical stages of mentor–mentee
relationship:
– Initiation
– Mentee stage
– Breakup
– Lasting friendship
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Coaching and Nurse Residency
Programs
• Coaching helps employee focus on
solving a specific problem or conflict
• Residency programs acclimate new
nurses to the workplace
– Typically include educational and
emotional components
– New nurse is paired with nurse partner
(peer, preceptor, facilitator, etc.)
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Career Advancement
• Clinical ladder program
– Horizontal promotion
 Rewards excellent nurse without
promotion to management
– Clinical ladder
 Includes clinical apprentice, colleague,
mentee, leader, and expert
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Career Advancement
• Clinical ladder program
• Horizontal promotion
• Rewards excellent nurse without
promotion to management
• Clinical ladder
• Includes clinical apprentice, colleague,
mentee, leader, and expert
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Leadership Development
• Developing internal staff
– Cost-effective
– Based on proven skills and strengths of
the candidates
– Retains high-performing staff
– Program designed on the organization's
specific needs
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan
Succession Planning
• Crucial because of aging workforce and
overall shortage of nurses
• Consists of:
– Identifying core competencies for each
level of management
– Recognizing potential recruits
– Providing opportunities for development
and growth
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth Edition
Eleanor J. Sullivan