INDIA’S EXPERIENCE FOR
COAL
PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
CENTRAL STATISTICS OFFICE
NATIONAL STATISTICAL ORGANISATION
MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
www.mospi.gov.in

Objective: To meet the information needs of national and

Coverage (Sectoral)
international
policy
makers,
administrators
researchers concerned with the energy sector.
◦ Coal,
◦ Petroleum & Natural Gas,
◦ Electricity
◦ New & Renewable Energy.
◦ Nuclear Energy
and
 Coverage (Indicators)
i. Production,
ii. Consumption,
iii. Import & Export,
iv. Wholesale Price.
v. Estimated Reserves,
vi. Estimated Potential
vii. Capacity Generation
viii.Energy Commodity Balance
ix. Energy Efficiency Indicators
Petroleum & Natural Gas
Coal and Lignite
1.1. Name
Petroleum & Natural Gas
Statistics
Coal and Lignite Statistics
(www.moc.nic.in)
1.2. Subject area
Reserves, Production,
Reserves, Production,
consumption, imports and
consumption, imports and
exports of Crude oil, petroleum exports of coal and lignite
products, natural gas, crude oil,
LNG etc.
1.3. Responsible
authority
Ministry of Petroleum & Natural
Gas
Ministry of Coal
1.4. Reference
period
Monthly & Annual (Financial
year)
Monthly- Production, despatch
and pit-head-closing- stock
(preceding calendar month)
Annual- Annual survey on Coal
and Lignite Statistics on
different parameters of coal
sector (Preceding financial year)
Petroleum & Natural Gas
Coal and Lignite
1.5. Frequency
Monthly/Annual
Monthly statistics
th
1) Estimated figure by 4 of
succeeding month
2) Actual figure by last week of
succeeding month
3) Annual Survey on Coal and
Lignite – Feb-March of next
financial year
1.6. Timeliness
Preceding month & after six
months of financial year end
10 months
1.7. Punctuality
No significant delay
No significant delay
1.8. Regional
level
State
State
Petroleum & Natural
Gas
Coal and Lignite
1.9. Legal
authority
Ministry of Petroleum &
Natural Gas
Ministry of Coal
1.10. Legal
document
Petroleum Acts, Rules,
Regulations
(www.petroleum.nic.in)
Collection of Statistics Act,
1953
1.11.
International
reporting
Joint Oil Data Initiative
(JODI), B.P. Statistical Review
and OPEC Bulletin, etc.
-“Energy statistics- NonOECD countries” – yearly
compilation by IEA.
-compilation of Coal and
Lignite Statistics as well as
monthly data is sent to IEA
directly and coal statistics is
sent to UNSD through CSO.
Petroleum &
Natural Gas
2.1.
Purpose
and
history
To provide oil and
gas statistics to
users since 1990
Coal and Lignite
Coal Controller's Organisation has been
carrying out the task of collection and
dissemination of data related to the coal and
lignite sector to meet data requirement of the
Ministry of Coal, related Ministries and
Government Organisations, different research
bodies etc. through its publications namely
‘The Coal Directory of India’ and ‘Provisional
Coal Statistics’. The data is collected from
different coal/lignite companies under the
statutory power vested with the Coal
Controller under the provisions of Colliery
Control Rules, 2004.
2.2. Users
and
applications
Petroleum &
Natural Gas
Coal and Lignite
Different Central
Ministries/Departments
/States
Governments/Researchers
/ policy makers and
planners
Govt. Bodies
On regular basis:1) M/o Coal
2) M/o Statistics and PI
3) IBM
4) State Govt.
5) CIL and SCCL (PSU)
International Bodies
1) International |Energy Agency
2) UNSD (through CSO)
Petroleum & Natural Gas
Coal and Lignite
3.1. Definitions of
main concepts and
variables
Annexure-I
Annexure-2
3.2. Classification
scheme
No classification scheme is
used
No classification scheme
is used
Petroleum & Natural
Gas
Coal and Lignite
4.1.
Population
-
Population consists of all coal and
lignite producing companies in
India. Reporting unit of production
4.2 Data
sources
Upstream & Downstream
Public & Private Sector
Companies
and
Oil
Refineries
(Public
&
Private)
Data source is Annual Survey of
Coal and Lignite conducted every
year.
4.3.
Sampling
Not applicable
Complete enumeration of all the
coal/lignite companies is done. No
sampling technique is involved.
Petroleum & Natural
Gas
Coal and Lignite
4.4.
Collection of
data
Upstream & Downstream
Public & Private Sector
Companies
and
Oil
Refineries
(Public
&
Private),
Office of the Director
General of Hydrocarbons
(DGH)
and
Petroleum
Planning & Analysis Cell
in Ministry of P&NG
Small questionnaire is despatched
to every coal and lignite company
and they are asked to fill it up
within stipulated time and send
back to this office by post/ email/fax.
However,
rigorous
persuasion and physical visit are
needed in case of non-receipt of
filled up questionnaire.
4.5. Control
and revision
Fully
controlled,
if
required
data
revised
subsequently
After collection of data from
concerned companies, thorough
scrutiny is done and in case of
ambiguity
companies
are
approached again and data is
revised.
Petroleum & Natural
Gas
Coal and Lignite
4.6.
Estimation
Demand & production of
oil & gas is estimated for
future planning
As there is complete enumeration,
no statistical model is used for the
purpose of estimation.
4.7 Resource
requirements
Man power required
Man power required
Petroleum &
Natural Gas
Coal and Lignite
5.1. Measurement and
processing errors
-
-
5.2 Non-response
errors
-
Till recent past, coal sector was not
open to private sector However, after
allocation of captive coal blocks,
number of private operators started
producing coal. In spite of that total
number of operators (public and
private) are about 30. Therefore, cases
of non-response are rare.
Although monthly data on coal
production, despatch, stock are
collected on regular basis. Therefore,
even though final data for a financial
year is not received from a company,
cumulating monthly data gives a very
good approximation.
Petroleum &
Natural Gas
Coal and Lignite
5.3. Sampling errors
No sampling is
involved.
No sampling is involved.
5.4 Other sources of
error
-
Each coal company needs to take
permission from O/o Coal Controller
before commencement of
production. Therefore, scope of
coverage error is almost nil.
However, some illegal mining takes
place in some hilly areas, but its
quantity is very small/negligible
Petroleum & Natural
Gas
Coal and Lignite
6.1. Comparability
Standard concept and
definitions are uniformly
followed/adopted across
the geographical areas
and overtime.
As data is collected
through complete
enumeration and same
reporting unit is
maintained across the
years, there is no
significant difficulty in
comparability and
coherence.
6.2. Coherence
Maintained to a greater
extent.
Maintained to a greater
extent.
Petroleum & Natural Gas
Coal and Lignite
7.1. Publications
and other links
Annual publication on Basic
Statistics on Indian Petroleum &
Natural
Gas
and
Indian
Petroleum
&
Natural
Gas
Statistics. Monthly data and
Annual publication on Basic
Statistics on Indian Petroleum &
Natural Gas are available on
Web Site www.petroleum.nic.in
Both the publications namely
“Provisional Coal Statistics”
and “Coal Directory” are
available in M/o Coal website
(www.moc.nic.in). Process of
hosting website of O/o coal
Controller is in progress.
Subsequently, links of all the
publications will be available
in our website.
7.2. Micro data
Micro data is available but not
disclosed.
Micro data is stored in EXCEL
format in CD and it is not for
public dissemination.
Petroleum & Natural Gas
Coal and Lignite
7.3.
Documentation
Monthly production data and
annual publication on Basic
Statistics on Indian Petroleum &
Natural Gas is available on the
website.
Annual Publication on Indian
Petroleum
&
Natural
Gas
Statistics is a priced publication
There
is
no
documentation
statistics.
metadata
for
the
7.4.
Confidentiality
Required
confidentiality
is
maintained
as
data
of
individual unit would not be
disseminated to any other
agency.
Pit-head-value of coal for
any company (public or
private) is not put into public
domain as it may hamper
commercial
interest
of
individual company. Minewise OMS and grade-wise
productions
are
not
disseminated to public.
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

The templates provide the foundation from
which a country’s unique processes can be
identified and mapped from.
By mapping processes against best practices
non-value added processes can be identified
that may have grown in complexity over time
and use the opportunity to streamline and
standardize them.
They also help identify areas that are unique
and important and provide the greatest
opportunity to add value.


The templates are important as a springboard
for finding better ways to do the task and
thus establishing new best practices
The templates have advantages for research
and education.
◦ For researchers, these report templates capture
information in a uniform, easily extracted format
that facilitates.
◦ Educators find these templates can help trainees
learn the important elements of reports in each
subspecialty area.

No major disadvantages except that
◦ Template
is
time
consuming
and
expensive to create. The creation of a
comprehensive template takes significant
effort.
◦ Best practices are not static and are
continually being improved upon.
◦ There is greater resistance for change.
DIFFICULTIES IN ADAPTION





There are various difficulties involved
adopting best practice, key among these
are:
Having sufficient knowledge of your own
systems and processes to be able to compare
against others
Knowing where to find best practices
Knowing whether a particular practice is
suitable for your situation and that it will lead
to superior performance
Finding the time and other resources for
implementing the best practice



If the compilation is uniform over a long
period, then only best practice can be
adopted.
If design/methodology changes frequently, it
becomes difficult to adopt the template.
When system of data collection is well
established then only this template can be
prepared.


There was no major difficulty in adapting the
best practice template to the Statistics of Coal
and Petroleum & Natural Gas as the system of
Statistical production is already in place.
Next, the template will be attempted for
Electricity and the sectors where the data is
generated
as
a
by-product
of
implementations of schemes like New and
renewable resources.



The long-term strategy for adopting best
practice template should be designed to reflect
the costs and benefits involved in the collection
of data from different sources.
First, and of greatest importance, there should
be a programme for maintaining and developing
the best practice template regularly, with the aim
of bringing about any desired improvements in
accuracy, coverage, detail, timeliness and
frequency.
Secondly, there should be a separate best
practice template designed to cover those
industrial and other organizations that are
engaged in supplying energy as a secondary
activity.