The Dutch energy accounts
Sjoerd Schenau
Statistics Netherlands
Content
• Why energy accounting ?
• Short history and organisation
• Main components Dutch energy accounts:
1) energy flow accounts
2) asset accounts for oil and gas
• Other environmental accounts related to energy
• Main users
• Conclusions
Why energy accounts ?
• High policy demand for energy data
• Part of integrated framework  comparison
macro-economic parameters, international
comparibility etc.
• Link physical data with economic data: taxes,
subsidies
• Indicators, analyses, input for modelling
• Produce data for National Accounts
• Compilation of air emission accounts
Short history…
• 1995-2000: Pilot projects for physical flow
accounts and asset accounts
• 2004-2006: Development and implementation
of energy flow accounts
• 2006-2007: Development and implementation
of energy asset accounts
• 2008 onwards: regular compilation of energy
flow and asset accounts
Organisation of the work
• Department of National accounts
• Environmental accounts: 5 fte (2009)
• Compilation of the energy accounts
(flows and assets): 0,3 fte
• No surveys: integration of existing statistics
and accounts
Energy flow accounts
• Supply and use of energy products by
economic activities
• Both monetary and physical
• Residence principle
• Allocation of energy supply and use to ISIC
Integration of energy data
Energy balances
Simplified physical
supply and use tables
Price information
Production accounts
Monetary supply
and use tables
Energy accounts
(physical and monetary)
National
Accounts
Bridge table (2006)
PJ
Final use (energy balances)
Conversion losses (energy balances)
2 750
482
Total energy use in the Netherlands (energy balances)
3 232
Use residents abroad (+)
Use non residents (-)
Bunkering Dutch companies in the Netherlands (+)
Total net energy use Dutch economy
(net energy accounts)
166
12
142
3 527
Net energy consumption
and GDP
160
Index 1990 = 100
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
Net energy consumption
GDP
Energy intensity of industries
Index 1990 = 100
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
1990
Agriculture
Services
1995
Chemical sector
Dutch economy
2000
2005
Transport
2007
Energy dependence on
imports
60
%
58
56
54
52
50
48
46
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
Energy dependence on
imports for sectors
100
%
80
60
40
20
0
1990
2007
Energy asset accounts
• Physical and monetary balances for oil and gas
• Opening stock, new discoveries, extraction,
revaluation, closing stocks
• Data sources:
1) Report oil and gas in the Netherlands
2) National accounts
Volume and value of the assets for
natural gas in the Netherlands
Mln Sm3
Bln euro
160
2 500
140
2 000
120
100
1 500
80
1 000
60
40
500
20
0
0
Value
Volume
Life time of the Dutch gas
reserves
years
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Other environmental
accounts related to energy
• Environmental tax accounts
• Environmental subsidy accounts
• Environmental goods and services sector
• Air emission accounts
Taxes on energy
Bln. euro
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Current prices
Constant prices (1990)
Main users of the Dutch
energy accounts
• Energy research centre of the Netherlands
• Netherlands environmental assessment agency
• Ministry of economic affairs
• Sustainability monitor (Statistics Netherlands and
several research institutes)
• General public
Future developments
• Long time series (1950 – present)
• Renewable energy
• Input-output analyses
Conclusions
• Demand for energy accounts in the Netherlands
• Important indicators
• Once implemented the compilation takes
relatively little time
• Collateral benefits: National accounts,
air emissions