Census Cartography:
Organizational and Institutional Issues
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Overview
 From Census mapping to Census Geography:
 Census Cartography Process
 Building a geospatial Infrastructure:
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In-house Cartography/GIS unit
Technical and human capacities
Standards
NSDI
 Challenges
 Conclusion
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Census Process
Census
(Enumeration: maps support
data collection, monitor)
Pre-Census
(Pre-enumeration:maps
ensure consistency, prepare)
Post-Census
(Post-enumeration: analyze, display and disseminate)
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Pre-enumeration stage
Large-scale maps
EA units
Geocoding System
Census Database
Digital Mapping
GIS
Satellite Imagery
Aerial Photo.
GPS
Pre-enumeration
(EA Map Production)
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Census Enumeration Stage
Large-scale maps
EA units
Geocoding System
Census Database
Digital Mapping
GIS
Satellite Imagery
Aerial Photo.
GPS
Enumeration
(Census Data
Collection)
Pre-enumeration
(EA Map Production)
Large-scale maps
Large & mid-scale for sup.
Mid- & small-scale for manag.
Admin./Statistical Units
GIS/GPS/PDAs
Digital Mapping
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Post-enumeration Stage
Large-scale maps
EA units
Geocoding System
Census Database
Digital Mapping
GIS
Satellite Imagery
Aerial Photo.
GPS
Enumeration
(Census Data
Collection)
Mid- & small-scale maps
Pre-enumeration
EA update
(EA Map Production)
Statistical Database
Databases (Maintenance
GIS
Large-scale maps
Internet Mapping
Large & mid-scale for sup.
Mid- & small-scale for manag. Digital Mapping
Admin./Statistical Units
GPS
GIS
Digital Mapping
Post-enumeration
(Census Data
Dissemination)
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Geospatial Technologies at all stages
(Pre-enumeration)
Digital Mapping
Census Database
GIS
Aerial Photo.
Satellite Imagery
GPS
EAs Units
(Enumeration)
Digital
Mapping
GIS
(Post-enumeration)
Statistical Database
Databases
Maintenance
GIS
GPS
Internet Mapping
Administrative and Reporting Units
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Census Geography Programme: a continuous process
 The recommendations derived from our EGM and Workshops on
GIS and census mapping emphasized the need for countries to
consider the census geography programme as a continuous process,
rather than the sequential mapping and dissemination operations.
 It was also emphasized that the use of and application of
contemporary geospatial technologies and geographical databases
is beneficial at all stages of population and housing census
process. Geospatial improve the efficiency in the preparatory,
enumeration, processing and dissemination phases of the census
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Census Geography programme
 National Statistical Organizations should:
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Develop GIS as a long term project:
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To prepare the census enough in advance
Too expensive for the census only
To be used beyond the census as infrastructure for other statistical
purposes (other sources, sample frame...)
Ensure the availability of adequate resources to that end;
Actively participate, in partnership with other national
authorities, in the development of a national geographical
information capacity, including the National Spatial Data
Infrastructure (SDI).
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Institutional/Organizational Issues
 A specialized in-house Cartography/GIS unit
 Building technical and human capacities
 National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI)
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Basic data
Population Datasets and Geocoding System: basic
components
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Spatial Data Infrastructure
(SDI)
Geographic Information:
Infrastructure Concept
Important as physical infrastructure assets such
as roads, communications networks, and other
public utilities
Info: http://www.fgdc.gov/nsdi/nsdi.html
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round

Geographic Information (or Spatial Data) Infrastructure
Concept
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The Spatial Data Infrastructure Concept:
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SDI= Policies+ Standards + Human-Resources +Techologies
Core Spatial Data (Framework Data): common
- Geoditic Network – Administrative boundaries – Hydrography – Elevation
– Roads and Railroads – Cadastre.
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)
 Definition - the technology, policies, standards, human
resources, and related activities necessary to acquire,
process, distribute, use, maintain, and preserve spatial
data
 Part of a nation’s e-Gov strategy
 www.GSDI.org
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Framework Data (common)/
Reference Data
 Geoditic network
 Administrative Boundaries
 Hydrography
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Elevation
Roads and Railroads
Cadastral
Geographical Names
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Main NSDI Components
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
NSDI Components…Cont.
•Interoperable, framework data
•Clearinghouses for data storage
and access
•Search tools for locating data
•Metadata for data description
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
List of 13 Core Layers (UN)
(to be reviewed, Santiago Nov. 2006)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Transportation network/Roads/rails/Navigation routes
Population centres / gridded Population density
Hydrography / Hydrology / drainage network/ River and lake basins
Hydrogeology
Coastlines
Land-cover/Land-use
Hypsographic ( elevation contours)
Bathymetry
Landmine areas
Protected area / Restricted areas
Geology, geomorphology
Airports/Helipad
Health facilities
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
GI Standards
 ISO/TC 211
 OpenGIS Consortium
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
 A new Working Group on Census Cartography within ICA
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Joint Board of Geospatial Information Societies (JB GIS)
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FIG
ISPRS
ICA
IAG
IMTA
IHO
ISCGM
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
END
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round
Implementing a GIS
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Consider the strategic purpose
Plan for the planning
Determine technology requirements
Determine the end products
Define the system scope
Create a data design
Choose a data model
Determine system requirements
Analyze benefits and costs
Make an implementation plan
Source: Thinking About GIS, Third Edition
Geographic Information System Planning for Managers
UNSD-CELADE Regional Workshop on Census Cartography for the 2010 Latin America’s census round