MIS 3862
How Levi’s Got Its Jeans into Wal-Mart
Information Systems in Perspective
• Chapter 1:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Information concepts
What is an information system
Business information systems
Systems development
Organizations and info systems
Competitive advantage
Performance based systems
Careers in Information Systems
3
Why Learn about Information Systems
4
What is a system?
Earthbuddy
5
What is an Information System?
• A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, and
disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to
meet an objective.
6
Earth Buddy
• What existing information systems can you
Identify? Are they effective?
• What additional information systems would be
beneficial? Why?
7
• Information technology (IT) – any _______-based
tool that people use to work with information and
support the information and information-processing
needs of an organization
– Information _______ is an important _______of
business success and innovation
8
six major roles and goals of IT
• 1. Increase employee _________ by reducing time,
errors and costs using
• 2. Enhance _________ making
• 3. Improve _________ collaboration
• 4. Create business _________ and alliances
• 5. Enable global _________ all over the world taking
into consideration the culture of each nation or society.
• 6. Facilitate organizational _________ as the
organization evolves and responds to the ever-changing
marketplace.
9
• Management information systems (MIS) – the
function that plans for, _______, implements,
and _______ IT hardware, software, and the
portfolio of applications that people use to
support the goals of an organization
– MIS is a business _______, similar to Accounting,
Finance, Operations, and Human Resources
10
Today we live in an _______ age
Where knowledge is power to gain and sustain a competitive advantage.
• Once you finish your program, you will enter the _______ as a knowledge
worker.
• Knowledge worker works with and produces _______ as a product.
• A knowledge worker _______ all other types of workers by a 4-to-1 margin.
11
Information Concepts: Data Versus
Information
• _______: raw facts
– Alphanumeric, image, audio, and video
• _______
– Organized collection of facts
– Have value beyond the facts themselves
12
Data Versus Information
Figure 1.1: Defining and Organizing Relationships Among Data
Creates Information
13
Data Versus Information
Figure 1.2: The Process of Transforming Data into Information
14
The Characteristics of Valuable Information
• _______
•
• Complete
• Timely
• _______
• Verifiable
• Flexible
• _______
_______
• Secure
_______
15
Computer-Based Information Systems
Collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information
16
Business Information Systems
• Most _______ types of information systems used in
business organizations:
–
–
–
–
–
Electronic and _______commerce systems
Transaction processing systems
Management information systems
_______ support systems
Specialized business information systems
17
Systems Development
• Systems development
– Creating or _______ existing __________ systems
•
•
•
•
•
Systems investigation
Systems analysis
Systems design
Systems implementation
Systems maintenance and review
18
Organizations and Information Systems
– Organization: a _______ of people and other
resources established to accomplish a set of goals
– An _______ is a system
• Inputs: __________ (materials, people, money)
• Outputs: goods or services
19
The Value Chain of a Manufacturing
Company
Figure 1.14:
Net Flix
20
Net Flix
• Where do you think Net Flix leverages the value
chain to gain competitive advantage?
• Discuss where you feel Net Flix’s information
systems helps them add value in the Value
chain.
21
Technology Diffusion, Infusion, and
Acceptance
• Technology diffusion: _______ of widespread use
of technology
• Technology infusion: _______ to which
technology permeates a department
• Technology acceptance model (TAM): _______
factors that can lead to higher acceptance and
usage of technology
22
Organizations in a Global Society
• As companies rely on _________ structures and
outsourcing to a greater extent, businesses can
operate around the world
• Challenges to operating in a global society
– Every country has a set of customs, cultures,
standards, politics, and laws
– Language _________
– Difficulty in managing and controlling operations in
different countries
23
1834
Competitive advantage
Significant, long-term __________ to a company over its
competition
Ability to establish and __________ a competitive
advantage is vital to a company’s success
NFL
Coaches
NFL Coaches
• From our list of Roles and goals of Technology,
what does the IS of the NFL achieve?
• What sources of competitive advantage can you
identify in the NFL?
• Are these long term, sustainable competitive
advantages?
25
THE FIVE FORCES MODEL –
EVALUATING BUSINESS SEGMENTS
• Factors That Lead Firms to Seek Competitive
Advantage
26
27
Strategic Planning for Competitive
Advantage
• Change the __________ of the industry
– Netflix, hp & compaq, charles scwab
• Create new __________ or services
– Itunes, imac,
• Improve __________ products or services
– Healthy & light,
• Use __________ systems for strategic purposes
– Sabre, NFL Coaches
• See table 1.5
28
__________ __________ case
Answer the following
• Analyze the industry that
__________ is in using the
porter model, is it a good
industry to be in?
• What competitive
advantage do you feel
__________ has? How
does information play into
that competitive
advantage
29
Performance-Based Information
Systems Ella Mae
• Consider both __________ advantage and costs
• Use __________, return on investment (ROI), net present
value, and other measures of performance
Figure 1.15: Three Stages in
the Business Use of
Information Systems
30
Return on Investment and the Value of
Information Systems
•
•
•
•
Earnings growth
Market __________
Customer __________ and satisfaction
Total __________ of ownership
31
Careers in Information Systems
Figure 1.16: The Three Primary Responsibilities of Information Systems
32
S1--Passwords & Password Etiquette
• What makes a strong password
• examples of good ones
33
Passwords & Password Etiquette cont.
• One technique
– I was born in Lethbridge Alberta in 1980
• IwbiLAi1980
– Better yet -- I was born before 12:00 in Lethbridge Alberta in
1980
• Iwb<12:00iLAi1980
– Once created, your password needs to be protected
• Never ____________ it down
• Do not share with others, don’t ask ___________ for theirs
and never give yours to _____________ else
• Swap__________, don’t let someone else type for you
• Look in another _________, when others typing
34