Demand side management and Renewable
Energy In India: Capacity Building of CSOs
DREC PROJECT Gujarat Chapter
Mid Term Review Meeting
6th January 2012
Presented By- Ankur Brauah
VIKSAT, Ahmedabad
VIKSAT
VIKRAM SARABHAI CENTRE FOR DEVELOPMENT INTERACTION
Nehru Foundation for Development, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
1
Outline of the presentation
• Accomplished project activities
• Perception Survey Methodology
• Key findings of the perception survey
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–
–
–
–
General Perception about Climate Change
Awareness/understanding about RE
Awareness about DSM and EE
Willingness to pay
Stakeholder’s response
• Challenges and opportunities
• Way forward
2
Project Activities Accomplished
Project Activist
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Literature review and Preparation of Questionnaire
Local Inception Workshop
Baseline Consumer Survey and Analysis
State Level Paper
RG meeting
State Level Training Workshops
Consumer Interface Meetings
Final Consumer Survey
Policy Advocacy Meetings
3
Accomplished
Planned
The Perception Survey Methodology
• Quantitative - Survey Method
• Qualitative - Focus Group Discussion
• Stakeholders
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–
–
–
–
–
Household-200
Commercial-50
Government-50
Industrial-50
Farmer-50
CSOs-100
• Districts
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–
–
–
Ahmedabad -113
Kachchh –174
Mahesana -106
Patan - 107
4
General perception and awareness on Climate Change
General findings
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Climate change/global warming awareness
•
•
92.6% of total respondents,
88% of rural respondents and
•
64% of uneducated are aware about
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Priority of Global Warming issue over other development issue 59.8%
–
16% industrial respondents thinks it is less important issue
–
48% thinks that it will affect overall living of human
Response to statements
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Climate change is happening- 96.8%
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Climate change is effecting everybody-96.8%
–
Every individual can do something to adapt to climate change – 85%
–
Living today is more important than impact of climate change-89.8%
–
Climate change implications on quality of life of next generation- 85.8%
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Awareness/understanding about Renewable Energy
Highlights of awareness about RE
Total
HH
Urban
Rural
Uneducated
Female
92%
85%
93%
82%
60%
70%
Biogas
Hydro
Tidal
Source of RE
Solar
91.51
Wind
Biomass
79.25
16.98
34.43
33.49
25.47
Believes that RE can Improve Environment
Total
97.0
Household
Commercial
95.5
Government
100.0
Industrial
94.0
96.0
Farmer
98.0
Cost Effectiveness of RE Equipments
Expensive
35.6%
Comparable
Low
18.4%
No idea
12%
34%
Awareness about RE run electric equipments and use
Awareness
Use
Total
Urban
Rural
Total
Urban
Rural
57.5%
78%
62%
62%
65%
45%
Reasons of not using RE equipments
High initial cost
Poor Product
quality
No after sale service
No financial
incentive
Other reasons
47.5
9.1
21.2
19.2
17.2
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Major inferences of RE awareness
• Awareness about RE in rural is lower than urban areas, among women
and uneducated population
• Awareness about RE other than solar and wind is less
• Awareness about cost effectiveness of RE is not substantial
• There is a large gap between awareness and practice of RE sources
• Initial cost and absence of after sale service are the major barriers in
adoption of RE
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Awareness about DSM and EE
Power supply problems
Frequent power
cut
Voltage fluctuation
7.8%
14.4%
Both
None
28.6%
Supply problem
49.2%
Rural
Urban
55%
49%
Power supply problem across districts
Frequent power cut
Voltage fluctuation
Mahesana
Patan
13 %
Both
None
12 %
6%
82 %
10 %
39 %
39 %
Ahmedabad
100 %
Kachchh
11 %
9%
40 %
40 %
EE can reduce power bill
Household
Commercial
Government
Industrial
Farmer
CSOs
83%
86%
86%
92%
78%
85%
Use of EE in HH
Total
Rural
58%
Urban
56%
59%
Identification of EE products
Use of star rating
Star rating
BEE labeling
No idea
Other
53%
12.5%
29.5%
6%
Rural
Urban
45%
71%
Satisfaction over EE products in HH
Extremely High
7%
High
Medium
27%
Low
48%
Not satisfied
17
2%
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Major inferences of DSM and EE
• Power cut and voltage fluctuation are major supply problems
• Power supply problem is high in rural areas than in urban area
• Patan and Kachchh has more supply problem
• There is wide gap between awareness and use of EE products
• Not many consumers have fair idea about identification of EE products
• Awareness about star rating is much less in rural consumers
• Not much EE users are highly satisfied by the EE products
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Cost effectiveness of RE equipments
76
80
70
Awarness
57
%age
60
Use of RE equipments
44
50
40
37
31
30
30
19
20
6
10
0
Very High
Comparable
Low
No idea
Gap between Awareness and Practice
Awareness
%age
Use of EE products
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
86
83
Practice
92
86
85
84
78
43
41
25
33
31
24
24
10
Household
Commercial
Government
Industrial
Farmer
CSOs
Very High
Cost effectiveness of RE equipment
Com parable
Low
60
%age
40
No idea
48
50
40
36.5
35.5
43
36
30
26
24
19
10
9
24
24 24
20
18
20
10
44
20
14
12
22 21
16
14
0
Household
Com m ercial
Governm ent
Industrial
Farm er
CSOs
Issues of RE and EE
Lack of proper
service, 12.2
Other, 11.0
Not aw are of proper EE
technology, 37.8
High investm ent cost,
8.5
No incentive from
govt, 18.3
EE issues in industries & commercials
EE technology not
available, 12.2
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Willingness to pay for clean energy
Willingness to pay for Clean Energy
Total
Domestic
Agriculture
Rural
Urban
61.6%
61%
53.6%
54%
61.9%
Industrial
Govt
Private
CSO's
Educational
83.1
60.0
76.3
53.8
66.7
Mahesana
Patan
Ahmedabad
Kachchh
73
84
18
39
0% To 20%
20% to 30%
30% To 40%
40% To 50%
50% and ABOVE
CAN'T SAY
62
26
5
2
1
5
Willingness to install solar lighting and heater
Total
Rural
Urban
94.5%
69.5%
25%
Barriers to adoption of renewable energy
Govt. should
provided
more subsidy
Invest more in
R&D to
improve
technology
Surcharge on other
sources of
supply
Other
48.5
46
2.1
3.3
Awareness about credit facilities for RE
Total
Urban
Rural
36.6%
39.3%
23.8%
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Major inferences of willingness to pay
•
Rural and agriculture consumers are less willing to pay for clean energy
•
CSOs and Educational institutions are less willing to pay for clean energy
•
Consumers from Ahemedabad and Kachchh is less willing to pay for clean energy
•
Among willing respondents majority are willing to pay up to 20% of additional cost
•
Willingness to use solar appliances is much less in urban areas than in rural areas
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Govt. subsidy and better R&D are expected by majority of consumers
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Credit facility for RE is known by very less numbers of consumers
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Household, 61.5
CSOs, 59
Com m ercial, 78
Farm er, 54
Industrial, 80
Governm ent, 62
Willingness to pay for clean energy
Willingness to pay and
demand for RE
Value addition required for RE
%age
Reliability
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Better services
80
73
65
60
46
55
52
40
31
24
Household
45
Com m ercial
18
Governm ent
Industrial
Farm er
CSOs
14
Stakeholder’s Responses
Farmers
• 66% farmers use electricity and 28% uses diesel to run pump set
• 98% of farmers agrees that diesel and kerosene generates air pollution
• 22% farmers are using EE pump set but unable to save money as half
of the farmers are in fixed rate billing system
• 64% farmers are not aware of availability of solar pump- none of them
using solar pump
Households
• 60% of HH are using EE products
• Neighbour’s choice is the priority in identifying EE products over star
rating
• Saving in electricity bill is moderate for majority
• Satisfaction from EE products moderate and less for majority
• Only 14% HH are using RE run electric appliances
• RE technology is not available for high power consuming appliances
• The cost of EE products is high but durability is less, so net saving is
not substantial
15
Stakeholder’s Responses
Commercial
•
84% of commercials are aware of BEE labeling and star rating
•
20% have conducted energy audit last 2 years
•
26% have adopted one or other types of EE measures
Industries
•
96% of industries are aware of BEE labeling and star rating
•
66% have conducted energy audit last 2 years
•
70% have adopted one or other types of EE measures
Govt. Institutions
•
72% of govt. institutions are aware of BEE labeling and star rating
•
20% have conducted energy audit last 2 years
•
40% have adopted one or other types of EE measures
CSOs
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•
•
•
•
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73 of the CSO thinks global warming is the much more important development issue
All CSOs believe promotion of RE will improve environment
35 CSOs are working with Energy related issues
Absence of funding and lack of knowledge on the issue are major difficulty for CSOs
to work with Energy issue
49 CSOs are unaware of Regulatory Authority and 68 are unaware that regulator is
mandated to consult CSOs and while fixing electricity tariff
74 CSOs are interested to work with Energy issue provided support
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Challenges and Opportunities
Challenges
Opportunities
Awareness about RE sources is low among
consumers
Awareness generation may lead to more
penetration of RE and EE practices
Available RE technologies are unable to
attract consumers
The RE technology need to be debated and
disseminated
Initial cost of RE run appliances is high
Financial incentives, service promotion and
technology development issues need to be
Lack of after sale services for RE run taken into policy making platforms
appliances
Industries and other institutional consumers
expect incentives from govt. for RE and EE
Net monetary saving by EE appliances is Consumers need to be educated about benefits
of DSM on power tariff and clean
perceived to be less
environment
Less number of CSOs are working with the Capacity building of CSOs may take the RE
and DSM issues to ground level in a large
energy issues
way
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Way Forward
• Training workshop will be designed to impart knowledge and information
about DSM and RE issues to CSOs
• Awareness about RE sources, Information about RE and EE technology
and credit facility will be a key input in consumer interface meetings
• Addressing the challenge of converting awareness to practice for RE and
EE will be the part of state level training workshop
• Agriculture consumer will be a key stakeholder for promotion of RE and EE
practices through consumer interface and follow up actions
• Subsidy to consumers and R&D assistance in RE technology will be taken
to policy advocacy meeting
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