Section
4
Objectives
•
Describe the causes and major events of the
French and Indian War.
•
Analyze the causes and effects of Pontiac’s
Rebellion.
•
Summarize how the wars and their outcomes
changed the relationship between Britain and
the colonies.
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Terms and People
•
George Washington – young, ambitious
Virginian who led colonial troops against the
French in 1754
•
French and Indian War – a war that pitted the
British and their colonial allies against the French
and Indians
•
Pontiac’s Rebellion – an Indian uprising against
the British in the Ohio River valley after the French
and Indian War
•
Proclamation of 1763 – between the British and
Indians, it restricted colonial settlers to east of the
Appalachian Mountains
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Terms and People
•
(continued)
Albany Plan of Union – 1754 plan that called on
the colonies to unite under British rule and
cooperate with one another in war
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How did Great Britain’s wars with
France affect the American
colonies?
A series of wars between the European
empires spread to the colonies.
Colonists allied with Britain fought against
the French and their Indian allies.
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In the
French
and
Indian War:
• Most Indians fought
alongside the French
because they treated
the Indians with respect
and generosity.
• The British treated
Indians harshly and
took their lands
for farming.
Overall, the Indians tried to maintain a balance of
power between the French and the British.
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The French and British
fought over who
controlled the Ohio
River Valley and the
Great Lakes area.
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In the early years of the war, from 1754
through to 1758, the British were defeated
by the French and their Indian allies.
A young George Washington led an early
battle against the French in 1754.
The death of General Edward Braddock in a
French and Indian ambush was a significant
defeat for the British.
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Soon groups of
colonial militiamen
helped the British
fight the French by
serving as scouts and
soldiers.
Rogers’ Rangers was
an effective militia
that included Indians
fighting against the
French.
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In 1758 and 1759, the British
interrupted the shipment of
French supplies and started to
win battles.
Many Indians deserted the
French to fight on the
British side.
The Treaty of Paris of 1763
ended the war and
greatly increased British territory.
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The British conquest was
not good for the Indians.
•
The British
stopped supplies
to the Indians.
•
British settlers
quickly moved
into Indian lands
in western
Pennsylvania and
Virginia.
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The Indians rebelled.
•
They attacked British
forts and the new
British settlements.
•
They tried to weaken
the British in any way
they could, in order to
lure the French back.
Section
4
This Indian uprising
called Pontiac’s
Rebellion ended in
1764.
The British agreed
settlers would
remain east of the
Appalachian
Mountains.
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Tensions arose between the British and
colonists after the French and Indian War.
The British
The Colonies
wanted more control over the
colonies
did not want British control
wanted the colonies to help
pay for the wars
wanted more land for
settlements
wanted the colonies to join
together under the Albany
Plan of Union
wanted to maintain their
individual autonomy
wanted colonies to cooperate
in time of war
did not want to be unfairly
taxed by the British
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Colonial leader Benjamin Franklin
drafted the Albany Plan of Union that would:
•
unite the colonies under British rule.
•
unite the colonies in fighting wars.
•
create a continental assembly with delegates
from each colony.
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Franklin drew this
political cartoon
to encourage
support of
colonial unity and
his plan.
The colonists and the British each rejected the
Albany Plan for their own reasons.
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The French and Indian War changed the
relationship between the colonies and Great Britain.
In the 1760s, the British placed new, unwanted
taxes and regulations on the colonists.
The colonists increasingly resented the erosion of
their autonomy and the involuntary tax burden.
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