1. Psychologists use the term to describe not only an individual's “reputation"-the way the person acts and is known socially-but also the “internal processes" that create that reputation.
2. Personality refers to the enduring patterns of thought, feeling, and behavior that are
expressed in different circumstances (Hogan, 1987).
3.
Personality here refers to the organization of enduring patterns of thought, feeling, and behavior.
4.
The second task has been to study the way people resemble and differ from one another, that is, their individual differences.
5.
Two aims of personality research should be compatible as it is necessary to more fully understand how personalities are constructed to be able to make anything very meaningful out of the study of individual differences.
6.
The psychoanalytic perspective, developed predominantly by Sigmund Preud (1933), is based to a great extent on the belief that much of behavior results from instincts and unconscious drives.
7.
Psychoanalytic theory recognized that humans were not always rational in their motives and behavior and initially gave much credence to the power of libidinal (sexual) impulses.
8.
Among the major problems with the psychodynamic perspective has been the lack of scientifically sound support and the difficulty in generating testable hypotheses since so few of the relevant dynamics can be observed.
9.
Psychoanalytic theory has also been criticized for overemphasizing sexual motivation and paying too much attention to childhood experiences and not enough to adult
learning.
10.
Cognitive-Social Theories portray people as more rational in their motives than psychodynamic theory.
11.
Cognitive-Social Theories focus on beliefs, expectations and information processing, and personality reflects the constant interplay between environmental demands and the way the individual processes information about the self and the world.