Government,
the public sector
and leisure
報告者：胡嘉玲
The scope of public leisure
services and facilities
wide
be provided by….
1. by a public authority
2. by legislation
3. by public funds for a restricted use
4. by planning
Examples of local authority leisure and recreation facilities and services
in a variety of ways
no direct payment
a direct payment by the user
they support organizations
make its own facilities
make financial grants
►►Planning and recreation
WHAT THEY DO
Principle
The scope
Countryside
regional facilities
The origins and development
of public recreation services
● a long gestation period from the
mid-nineteenth century to the midtwentieth century
● post-Second World War initiatives
● an enlightened period of new ideas in the 1960s
● Local government reorganization in 1974 and its effect on
The origins of public leisure and recreation go back to the nineteenth century.
Baths and Wash-Houses
personal cleaning and hygiene
swimming pools
Instructional & recreation
parks
personal cleaning and hygiene
1937
the first major Act to use
the word ‘recreation
● a long gestation period from the mid-nineteenth century to the
mid-twentieth century
● post-Second World War initiatives
● an enlightened period of new ideas in the 1960s
● Local government reorganization in 1974 and its effect
on recreation
Organizations played an effective, persuasive role.
1947
1949
1968
The Town and Country Planning Act
The National Parks and
Access to the Countryside Act
The Countryside Act
Facilities were needed
in settings where
people live and work.
The major Education Acts
1918 & 1944
the growth of the Youth Service, adult education
and physical education, facilities such as sports
grounds, swimming pools, larger gymnasia and halls.
● a long gestation period from the mid-nineteenth century
to the mid-twentieth century
● post-Second World War initiatives
● an enlightened period of new
ideas in the 1960s
● Local government reorganization in 1974 and its effect
on recreation
 this growth in indoor sport and recreation centres
 leisure renaissance
 towards recreation
 The new department spanned former services
covering
 rationalize
►► Dual use& jointprovision
and recreation
education facilities were potential
community leisure and recreation centres
a new policy guideline
● a long gestation period from the mid-nineteenth century
to the mid-twentieth century
● post-Second World War initiatives
● an enlightened period of new
ideas in the 1960s
●Local government reorganization改組
in 1974 and its effect on recreation
Local government reorganization
1971
a two-tier structure and
a radical reorganization
six new metropolitan county councils
1974
1,400 existing district councils were reduced to 333
These councils were now larger and more powerful.
encouraged the creation of new facilities, particularly
indoor leisure centres
Recent legislation and
effects on leisure management
►►Compulsory competitive tendering
強制競爭性招標
1988
introduced
the concept of
anticompetitive
behaviour
1992
Act helped
to define it in law
1993
Regulations assisted
local authorities in
conducting competitive
tendering and
avoiding
anticompetitive behaviour
DoE, 1996
Five good tendering practice:
影響：
economic savings and improved financial
performance by local authority direct service
organizations (DSOs) and generally satisfactory results.
問題：
1. Were the services more effective?
2. Did they meet the needs and expectations of the people
they are there to serve?
►► The Education Reform Act
and recreation
Support
Recreation
One-off
►► School and community
funded facilities
provide for the community within existing community structures
Q: The facilities are ‘school’ facilities or ‘community’ facilities? ‘
Q: Who owns and has management responsibility?
1.the school and the governing body is empowered
2. for school purposes and curricular activities.
3.be self-financed.
1.Joint provision
2. The Community School
►► The Children Act and leisure
services
Leisure Managers
four duties
effect
key principle
Facilities affected
by the Children Act
November
2001
September
2003
March
2004
November
2004
a Minister for Education and Young People within the Scottish
protect children from neglect and harm, promote their
well-being and support all children to develop their potential.
the DfES published Every Child Matters
local authorities, police and social services
are obliged to work together to ensure child welfare.
►► The government and leisure
into the present
the benefits of leisure for people and communities and the economy.
Department of National Heritage
the Department for Culture, Media and Sport
Along with the creation of the National Lottery, these were significant
landmarksfor leisure and recreation at the close of the twentieth century.
►►參考資料
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http://www.knu.edu.tw/cge/main/%A4%A4%A4%DF%BE%C7%B3%F8/%B3q%C3%
D1%AC%E3%A8s%B6%B0%A5Z/13/6%BCB%A8%D8%A9%C9.pdf
http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache:ARrkvzG0OmwJ:open.nat.gov.tw/OpenFront/r
eport/show_file.jsp%3FsysId%3DC09703631%26fileNo%3D002+58+unitary+authoriti
es&cd=3&hl=zh-TW&ct=clnk&gl=tw&lr=lang_zh-TW
http://pam.nsysu.edu.tw/data/taspaa/f/F2-2.pdf
http://pa.nccu.edu.tw/journal/docs/pdf/no15/15-4.pdf