Ennilee Cañada
CIO
Essay 1 – Sections A & B: China
In the last several decades, China has captured the world’s attention. It is the fastest growing
economy in the world and is experiencing an industrial revolution. Since its entry into the World Trade
Organization on December 11, 2001, China has agreed to open its markets to foreign investment.
Investors and companies throughout the world are establishing their presence in China to reap the
benefits. Its large population provides new markets for companies and utilizing its cheap labor force
gives companies a cost advantage to their operations. In the last three years, China’s average GDP was at
a high 10%.1 To put this into perspective, America’s GDP growth in 2005 was 3.5%.2
Currently, China’s policy for years 2006-2010 stresses that “Economic development is the top
priority…This implies stable and relative fast economic growth, and the need to step up the
transformation of the economic pattern towards growth that is less energy, resource and capital intensive,
more knowledge and innovation driven, and more equally shared.”3 China also wants to increase
household income and consumption to stimulate domestic demand. As the CIO of China, three categories
that I analyzed that are significant to China’s policies are: Exports of Largest Industrial Countries, Energy
Demand, and Power of Leading Actors.
The first line graph, Exports of Largest Industrial Countries, shows that China will continue to be
a main actor in the global economy. By 2020, exports from China are predicted to surpass exports from
Japan, Germany, and the USA. Given these trends, China’s economy will continue to grow and increase
global competition for industrial goods. As a result, China’s trade surplus will continue to increase, while
other economies will have higher trade deficits. Currently, China’s surplus is a major concern to the
United States. “The US trade deficit with China hit 201.6 billion dollars in 2005, up 24.5 percent from a
1
World Bank Office, Beijing. World Bank Quarterly Update. February 2006. <http://www.worldbank.org/cn >
Retrieved February 5, 2006.
2
CIA World Factbook. January 10, 2006. <http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/us.html> Retrieved
February 19, 2006.
3
Ibid.
1
year earlier, according to official US figures.”4 The U.S. has accused China of keeping the value of its
currency low in order to boost exports.5 Thus, China may continue to be pressured by the U.S. to revalue
its currency.
But in various ways, China’s growth is beneficial to Japan. In 2004, China has replaced the U.S.
and has become Japan’s top trading partner. The two countries are in many ways complementary, with
Japan dominating in the hi-tech industries and China offering cheap goods and labor.6 To many
countries, China’s growing economy is considered more positive than negative. China offers a cheap
labor force for companies from the EU, U.S., Japan, and South Korea, and also offers a variety of cheap
imports.
As a result to globalization, China has become a main actor in trade, especially after its entry into
the WTO. Globalization has tremendously boosted China’s economy, but China must rebalance its
growth towards domestic consumption in order to sustain its economic growth and stability.
In order to boost China’s domestic consumption, household incomes must increase. Most of the
China’s people continue to live in poverty and lack education. The Chinese government should look
towards investing funds into improving the education system and building more schools in rural areas.
As individuals become more educated, they will be able to obtain better jobs with higher pay to increase
their purchasing power to buy goods and services.
The second line graph, Energy Demand of Large Consumer States, is another category that I had
analyzed. With China’s rapid industrial growth, China is thirsty for energy to fuel its booming economy.
In 2004, China’s oil consumption was 6.391 million bbl/day.7 Japan’s consumption was 5.578 million
US Trade Delegate to Discuss China’s Trade Responsibilities. February 27, 2006.
<http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20060227/pl_afp/chinaustradepolitics_060227155351> Retrieved February 27, 2006.
5
China’s Economy Continues to Soar. BBC News. January 25, 2006.
<http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4645874.stm> Retrieved February 9, 2006.
6
Economic Competition. BBC News.
<http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/asia_pac/05/china_japan/html/economic_competition.stm> Retrieved
February 9, 2006.
7
Ibid.
4
2
bbl/day (2003).8 Applying the GDA Model, it is China’s goal to obtain economic stability and to become
a modernized society. Thus, it is necessary for China to exercise an oil exploration policy to attain this
goal. Exercising an oil exploration policy will threaten the oil security for countries such as Japan and the
U.S. China’s insatiable thirst for resources has Japan worried. The two countries are now the world’s
second- and third-largest oil consumers, and they are in competition to secure access to energy and other
resources.9 China is also increasing its use of renewable energy as its demand continues to grow.
Renewable energy is from sources like wind power, solar power, and biomass. Currently, China has the
world’s largest supply of hydropower potential.10 I have illustrated China’s demand for energy using
Easton’s Political Model:
The third line graph displays the Power of Leading Actors measured by sustainability first. This
information is significant to China because it displays the top countries that have military might and a
strong influence in foreign policy. The top countries are the U.S., E.U., China, India, and Japan. China is
significantly growing. By 2025, China’s power is predicted to surpass the EU as it moves closer to the
strength of the U.S. Currently the U.S. is significantly stronger in military power in comparison to China.
This is vital information to China because the U.S. is Taiwan’s ally. Therefore, the U.S.’s military power
will prevent China from invading Taiwan.
According to the BBC world poll conducted by GlobeScan in November 2004 to January 2005,
China’s economical growth is considered positive to the world, but its growth in military power is mostly
considered negative. China’s growing military power threatens the safety and security of other countries.
8
Ibid.
Ibid.
10
Ibid.
9
3
According to Maslow’s basic needs theory, security is the second important need. When a basic need is
threatened, countries may react by establishing policies that will protect their safety need and strengthen
their national security. Below is a table that shows the views of several countries, in the simulation, on
China becoming more powerful militarily:
South Korea
Indonesia
Russia
U.S.
Germany
Japan
38%
Positive
27%
Positive
19%
Positive
19%
Positive
7%
Positive
3%
Positive
58%
Negative
55%
Negative
59%
Negative
75%
Negative
87%
Negative
78%
Negative
Source: BBC World Service Poll conducted by GlobeScan Nov. 2004 – Jan. 2005
http://www.globescan.com/news_archives/bbcpoll3.html
As shown in the table, Germany feels the most negative towards China’s military growth, followed by
Japan, and then the U.S.
As the CIO of China, it is my responsibility to provide up-to-date intelligent information about
each of the countries in the simulation, such as their governments, corporations, and individuals who have
strong influences. I will work close with the CMO to gather information on any potential military threats
against China to protect national security. It is also important to know which countries are our allies and
who we should build alliances with to advance common interests such as trade, investments, and
establishing policies that will benefit both sides. I must also gather information on terrorist groups and
any organization that threatens China or the Chinese government. As CIO, I must also be knowledgeable
of current policies that China has with other countries, what their current political state is, and what their
goals are as a nation. After meeting with the CIO’s from Germany, Taiwan, North Korea, South Korea,
and the U.S., I have learned that most of the countries want to implement a peaceful policy. That was all
that was shared at the meeting.
The support that I would like to receive from all members is basically sharing the information
they gathered from meeting with the other countries. It is in China’s best interest for the government to
be well informed about what interests other countries have for China and if there are any potential threats
of war, terrorist attacks, assassinations, etc. The CMO will be of great importance in helping me collect
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military information on other countries. The CTO and CBO will play significant roles in stimulating
China’s economy as they work to build trade relations, etc. The CTO may work close with Japan and the
U.S. because they are China’s top trading partners. The NGOs will deal with human rights and pollution
issues to improve the quality of life for Chinese citizens. The CFO will meet with other courtiers to build
and strengthen foreign relationships. Lastly, the CEO will help to provide the direction and vision for
China.
5
Essay 1 – Section C: China
Beijing, China—The CIO of China has proposed several policies that focus on China’s economic
development to stabilize its growing economy and protect national security. There are different policies
for each country in the simulation. First of all, China should continue its oil policy by strengthening its
ties with Russia. Secondly, China should continue to cultivate trade relations with the U.S., Germany,
Russia, Japan, and South Korea. Thirdly, China should expand its military spending to modernize its
military with up-to-date technology. Fourthly, China should establish a peaceful treaty with Taiwan and
grant it its independence to avoid U.S. intervention. Lastly, China should offer aid to North Korea to help
it maintain economic stability and to provide aid to Indonesia to help it achieve political stability.
As mentioned earlier, China wants to sustain its economic growth and achieve economic stability.
In order to fuel its industrialized economy, China must have access to energy sources, such as oil from
Russia. Strengthening ties with Russia is a significant geopolitical strategy that has been developing for
several years. It is important for both countries to be at peace with each other because they are
neighboring states that could help each other in stimulating their economies through trade.
China should also maintain its relations with the U.S., Germany, Japan, and South Korea. These
countries are significant to the growth of China’s booming economy because they provide foreign
investment, company job training, and boost the economy through trade. It is strongly recommended that
6
China be on good terms with the U.S because the U.S. invests heavily on Chinese imports and has
provided jobs for the Chinese people, which have helped to increase household income. China should
also maintain its trade relations with Japan because Japan has hi-tech goods that China needs to help
modernized its country. Although there are disputes over oil between China and Japan, China and Japan
should negotiate a win-win strategy for both countries to satisfy their need for energy. China and South
Korea should also focus on maintaining peace and strong trade relationships because North Korea should
be a greater concern for possible threats as it claims to have nuclear weapons. Because North Korea is
near Eastern China, China should be concern with North Korea’s economic stability. As shown in the
GDA model, if people feel hopeless and stressed, and if they feel that they are drifting away from their
goals, they may turn to violence as a solution. North Korea may be more of a threat to South Korea, but
to have a war break out near China is unacceptable to China. Thus, China should invest in North Korea to
help stimulate its economy.
Thirdly, China should increase its military spending to bring its military up-to-date with
technology. It should continue to sign deals to purchase Russian arms such as naval ships, submarines,
and aircrafts. China is aware that the purchasing of Russian arms may be detrimental to its relationship
with Japan and the U.S., thus, more talks and negotiations need to be made with both countries as we go
through the simulation. China strongly values its trade relationship with the U.S. and Japan, but also sees
the importance in building a stronger military force for the sake of national security and potential threats
of its neighboring countries. Fourthly, China should keep peaceful relations with Taiwan because it is not
in China’s interest to go to war, especially with the U.S. Although it is China’s desire to have Taiwan,
China should focus more on its internal issues such as sustaining its economic growth, dealing with
pollution and human rights. Lastly, China should give financial aid to Indonesia. Although, China and
Indonesia have a bitter history, the two countries should work to improve their relations. China should
continue to trade with Indonesia and aid the government in handling its terrorism crisis to help the
country achieve political stability.
7
8
Sebastian A.J. Davies
CSO
Current Trends in China’s Carbon Emissions; a look into the dirty world of fossil fuels
Part A.
In today’s consumer based economy it is easy to see how people could be influenced by what
they see on the television, or by what they hear on the radio. It is my opinion as a CSO in the field of
environmental safety for China that we could use the same types of commercials that the major car
companies use, to get people to start buying into the less harmful hybrid cars or even get them into the
idea of looking towards other fuels that would be better for the environment in and around China. If you
look at Graph #1, it is easy to see that if our current trend continues here in China there will be a huge
problem for the people of this country. As we ended the year 2005 there was already a steep increase in
the amount of Carbon Emissions from Fossil Fuels that were being leaked out into the air when compared
to the emissions that were recorded in the year 2000. There was almost a 100% increase in the emissions
in that five year period. This is not only a problem for China, but also for the rest of the world. With our
ozone layer already depleted it is probable that these steep increases in the amounts of carbon emissions
will lead to many problems. These include, but are not limited to health related issues like emphysema
and lung cancer, environmental issues like the greenhouse effect, and economic issues, like the ever rising
price of gasoline and ultimately the rising cost of a car due to the rising cost of gasoline.
“People are now calling this climate change over the past century the beginning of “Global
Warming.” Fears are that if people keep producing such gases at increasing rates, the results will be
negative in nature, such as more severe floods and droughts, increasing prevalence of insects, sea levels
rising, and Earth's precipitation may be redistributed. These changes to the environment will most
likely cause negative effects on society, such as lower health and decreasing economic development”
(Hopwood & Cohen) These issues should be very important to us as human beings because of our
dependency on clean air to breathe, as well as our always growing interest in money. If we focus our
talents on creating products that require gasoline we will be working against our own better judgment. It
9
is easy to see that using fossil fuels is quickly becoming a problem and that something must be done to
regulate these fossil fuels.
“The world's leading scientists project that during our children's lifetimes global warming will
raise the average temperature of the planet by 2 to 6 degrees Fahrenheit, or 1-3.5 degree Celsius. In
contrast the Earth is only 5 to 9 degrees Fahrenheit or about 3-6 degrees Celsius warmer today than it was
10,000 years ago during the last ice age. Man-made global warming is occurring much faster than at any
other time in at least the last 10,000 years” (Sierra Club). This information would suggest that the
warming Earth is experiencing now is not a natural phenomenon, but caused by the increased
concentration of greenhouse gases. If you take a quick look at Graph #2 entitled: World Energy Sources,
you can see a trend occurring with the fossil fuels that might seem a bit ridiculous. I noticed that while all
of the other energy sources slowly became obsolete and therefore less important, the fossil fuels actually
increased as well as the “other source” category. I think that this is a little bit ridiculous considering the
amount of energy that can be produced from this “other source”.
According to the CIA’s World Factbook, China uses “6.391 million bbl/day (2004)” (CIA World
Factbook) as well as 33.91 billion cu m (2003) in Natural Gas consumption. With these numbers being
well under the national consumption of the United States it is hard to say we are the leading instigator of
the issue, however, we are still a large consumer on a global scale and therefore we should try to look for
alternative energy sources that are less harmful to the environment.
When applied to the GDA my plans to help the environment will probably be drifting more
towards the “D”rifting end of the spectrum most of the time because of China’s current policies about
pollution regulation. This will defiantly disappoint me however, I hope to realize my “G”oals at some
point during the simulation because I will be pushing very hard for my ideas to get passed into laws. If we
stay at this current actualization the pollution problems in China will continue to mount up for the
Chinese population. In terms of the five levels of importance, I believe that these reforms are necessary
because of the instinctive need to survive. Right now the pollution problems are only affecting the
community which means that it is not the most important thing to the voters at this point in time. I would
10
like to show the people of China the importance of pollution management because in approximately 30
years the pollution levels are projected to reach an all time high which will put the necessity level to a
survival one if we can not breath clean air, and drink fresh water.
Graph 1: China’s emissions in billions of tons over 50 years
Graph 2: World Energy Sources
Part B.
According to Ray Cline, the Potential Power (Pp) equals the sum of the geographic characteristics
of a state population (C), the states economic standing (E), and the military power of the state (M),
11
multiplied by the sum of the strategic purpose of the state (S), and the willingness of that state to carry out
the actions that it is proposing (W), {Pp = [(C + E + M) (S + W)]}. If applied to Chinas current situation
in the environmental world I could calculate the potential power of China’s vast technological industries
to create a standard for Carbon emissions as well as other cancerous waste products of the large industrial
economy that supports China’s great affluence. As far as national debt goes we have no problem there due
to our large industrial monopoly we have over the U.S. because of our lower wages, and lower workers
rights.
The geographic characteristics of China help support our fight against pollution because of the
vast array of geographic differences we can show the beauty of the land in order to promote more
awareness about the emissions situation in China. Our military power can be used to enforce the
regulations as well as take advantage of the new technologies that will be developed due to the newer
regulations that will be enforced. I believe that the strategic purpose of the state will be to accept some of
our suggestions but not all of them, because of their loyalties to the business that they helped to create.
However, I believe that it is essential for us to take a stand against global pollution because it affects all of
us, and will continue to affect generation to come if nothing is done about the situation. With proper
explanation of the situation and education we can make a change in China’s future. I believe that if the
government is behind the campaign then the people will also soon follow. People hesitate to go against
the government because they are scared of what might happen to them if they do. If the government were
willing to make a change, then maybe the people of China would see the importance that the change
represents for the future of the country itself.
I feel that if we are going to succeed as a nation we must keep the planets wellbeing in the
foreground of our minds, or else we might learn about the catastrophic problems that come along with
long-term pollution after it is already to late to do something about it. If we continue to ignore the
importance of having a clean environment we will be forced to live in the dirty one we create for
ourselves. The destruction to out environment will defiantly lead to more health problems in the future
which will lover the life expectancy for humans. An expectancy which our scientists, health care
12
providers, and doctors have been working to improve will one day be meaningless if we can not survive
for more then 40 years anyways due to the massive pollution that is being spewed into our ecosystem.
Part C.
One possibility for an emissions saving policy would be to trade with America and adopt their
SMOG check policies for every privately owned vehicle. The technology would bring a new market to
China, as well as raise awareness about the global warming problems we are experiencing. If the major
car companies saw that China was taking a more aggressive stance on the global warming issue they
might be more eager to save some face and jump on the environmentalist bandwagon before they got
targeted as a ‘dirty company’.
I plan on finding a business owner that makes the technologies for the smog checking systems, as
well as the manufacturers of parts to make the cars safer as well as meet the emissions requirements that
we set. I believe that by cutting down on the automotive pollution it will start to make people more aware
of the pollution problems that surround all of China’s major cities. If the people all over the country
become concerned with the health standards that are set for the automobiles they will start to recognize
the problems with the large business that have limited pollution policies due to Chinas growing industrial
economy. In some ways China’s economy is experiencing an industrial revolution which as we all know
will have problems with emissions regulations being placed on their companies. However, if China is
going to want to remain beautiful they will have to place regulations on the companies that are polluting
the
environment.
I think that if the people of China reject my policies I will continue on the path of an
environmentalist because of the importance of the task at hand. If my smog check policies get adopted
then I will be able to open up new business opportunities for car manufactures as well as part
manufacturers for those cars to create new ideas that can revolutionize the movement towards safer, and
more efficient energy sources for our automobiles, appliances, and eventually houses. The possibilities
are endless in a world that focuses their talents on creating useful and environmentally friendly products
13
that can benefit the economy even more. This boost in the economy will only help to further China’s
steady climb to the top of the economic, social, and power ladders of the world.
Bibliography
1. “Greenhouse Gases and Society”, Nick Hopwood and Jordan Cohen, February 14, 2003
2. "Global Warming Campaign." http://www.toowarm.org/factsheets/basfact.html, Sierra Club
(March 12, 1998)
3. “CIA World Factbook” , http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ch.html#Trans
(February 16, 2006)
14
Human Rights in the Republic of China
Leah Gouker
CSO
“Alongside democracy, national economic growth also contributes to human
development. For human development goals to be met, prosperity clearly helps.”
1
The Republic of China is developing at a high pace economically, but is not maintaining
the same growth when it comes to human rights. As a country climbs the international ladder of
wealth and influence, it is crucial to increase not only economic security, but security of human
welfare as well.
A.
The Republic of China is developing into a rich and prosperous country, but still has
serious problems when it comes to human rights. The authoritarian government deprives its
citizens of freedom in many forms, by way of censorship, coercion, torture and discrimination
on the basis of politics, religion and/or gender.2 I believe it is vital to establish and enforce
policies that move towards the United Nation’s 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(see attached) in order to secure our place as a leader in the international community.
Maslow’s Basic Needs illustrate the steps to creating a successful citizen and society.
Manipulation of these steps allows for gain in power and support of system. Survival, security,
and community, the first three steps, are inherent in China because of the booming economy.
However, there are issues when it comes to status, the fourth step, of women, children, refugees,
and those with political or religious difference. This hinders China’s ability to ascend the next
steps: self-esteem and self-actualization. Ultimately, for China to be the best it can be, social
status of these oppressed groups must be secured.
In the “Political Stability, Repression, and Social Justice” model, when there is more
repression in society, then the citizens experience more fear. With more fear present, then there
is less chance of an uprising against the government or partaking in the governmental activities.
This displays the Chinese government’s current method of securing political stability: through
15
fear and repression. I would like to see the political purpose to shift to relying on social justice
to gain political stability. This, in turn, would lead to a decrease in repression and stress for the
people.3
Physical Quality of Life Index:
Freedom House freedom indicator [2-14 (lower is more democratic)]
B.
The demand for an increase in human rights and decrease in repression must be evident
in policy making. The support required will have to be from other members in my group. I
would like the C.E.O. as well as the C.F.O. and C.I.O. to support an in-depth investigation to the
16
status of human rights abuses in our nation, a review of our current law regarding human rights,
and an effort to improve enforcement of these laws. As we move forward as a country in the
global market, I hope that my teammates will see the value in creating policy that supports the
average citizen and displays our humanitarian compassion, and establishes a healthy political
environment.
I expect that there will be some opposition to my proposed changes. The costs of such an
endeavor will be extensive. It undermines current policy regarding population growth and
economic expansion. There is also a cultural factor, in which I struggle to remove myself from.
Coming from a democratic nation, I see these values as inherent and mandatory. However, the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes that privileges like freedom of religion, ban
on torture, and fair trial are natural for all human beings.
According to the International Futures simulation (IFs), the physical quality of life in
China is expected to increase dramatically over the next 25 years, which reflects the impact of
the booming economy. The wealth of many people is likely to increase, especially in urban
areas. However, on the Freedom House freedom indicator (in which a lower score is more
democratic), China is expected to become less democratic by the year 2030. To reverse this
trend, changes in the structure of our society and the functions of our government and legal
systems must be implemented now.
C.
As C.S.O. of Human Rights, I plan to focus on internal issues and improvement. I would
like to establish an Improvement of Human Rights committee to address concerns such as:

The current Criminal Procedure Law, which lacks policy regarding torture,
coerced confessions, and double jeopardy. I would argue for a restriction on the
use of the death penalty.

Detainment and biased prosecution of dissidents and counterrevolutionists,
labor activists and writers.
17

Censorship of publications, such as “China Peasant Survey,” (banned in 2004).
In 2002, thousands of books about Uighur history and culture were destroyed by
the government. 4

Recognition of Tibetans and Uighurs status as refugees, and compliance with
corresponding international laws.

Enforcement of laws against domestic violence and internal trafficking of women
and children.
4
This committee would ideally use international laws and standards to model our national
goals. I would like to persuade the C.E.O. to allow NGOs to assist in analyzing the current state
of affairs regarding these issues, and assisting the process of change. Overall, I would like to
promote the rights and dignity of all people living in the Republic of China.
UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) 5
Article 2.
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any
kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin,
property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political,
jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be
independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.
Article 3.
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
Article 5.
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Article 10.
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in
the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.
Article 18.
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to
change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or
private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
18
Article 19.
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions
without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and
regardless of frontiers.
Article 27.
(1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to
share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
(2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific,
literary or artistic production of which he is the author.
Footnotes:
1Kegley
and Raymond. “The Global Future: A Brief Introduction to World Politics”.
Wadsworth, United States. 2005. pg 310
2Bureau
of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 2005. “Country Reports on Human Rights
Practices- China”. http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2004/41640.htm Accessed 2/14/06
3 Chadwick,
Richard. “Political Stability, Repression, and Social Justice”. 1994.
http://www.hawaii.edu/intlrel/pols315/Text/Theory/ps-sj-r.htm
Accessed 2/21/06
4Bureau
of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 2005. “Country Reports on Human Rights
Practices- China”. http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2004/41640.htm Accessed 2/14/06
5UN.org.
“Universal Declaration of Human Rights”
http://www.un.org/Overview/rights.html Accessed 2/23/06
19
20
Angie Kehmeier
CEO
Important Trends for China
China is increasing its power in different ways. One of the trends I felt was important
was the “Power of Leading Actors.” China along with other leading countries is predicted to
increase its power in the next twenty or thirty years. In order to follow this trend, China will
need to promote policies that will support or increase its power. Lasswell’s deference values
respect and power are used to determine policies. Policies regarding proposals to increase trade
and maintain the surplus China has will help achieve this. With economic power, China can use
this to increase its military power, to increase its space and technological power, and decrease
the rich and poor gap that it is facing. With increasing power, China will be able to continue in
the competitive market and actually be seen as an important country to pursue relations with,
whether economically or as a powerful ally to have.
Another important trend was the “Exports of the Largest Industrial Countries.” China is
forecasted to increase its exports to others, and actually be the leader of it in the year 2020.
China is full of exports of resources, agriculture and industry. To continue this trend, we will
need to promote the current policy of opening China to the world economically. In other words,
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we must continue our involvement with APEC and WTO, encourage more foreign investment,
participate in the free market, and export to our current traders.
The last trend “Energy Demand of Large Consumer States” is one that I strongly oppose.
China is seen as the country with highest demand for energy in the future. It is forecasted to
increase this demand dramatically from six billion barrels in the year 2000 to twenty two billion
in the year 2020. Unfortunately, China has had an increase in pollution due to its success in
industry and trade. This has led to respiratory and heart disease as the leading causes of death.
The increase of acid rain and polluted rivers has also affected the people’s health. One of the
CSO is creating a policy to decrease emissions and looking towards alternative energy sources.
Actually, China is currently looking for alternatives like natural gas, renewable energy like
hydropower and nuclear power. We must enforce policies like these, but also be able to maintain
economic growth. This issue reflects Maslow’s for it concerns the environment. It also reflects
Lasswell and the welfare values of well-being (health).
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Preparation for Simulation
As CEO of China, I have the responsibility of achieving the goal of increasing our
country’s power in political, social and economic aspects. According to Lasswell, power and
respect deference values are considered when making policies. In order to achieve this goal, I
must communicate and work well with my members in regards to policies that we want to
promote. We all must do research on our specific areas and create policies that will help our
country to excel and be successful. When looking over policies we should look at the pros and
cons and come to a mutual agreement of whether we want to enforce a policy or not.
Another main goal of mine is to maintain the peace of China with others. By
maintaining peace, this will hopefully keep China safe for the welfare of its people. This is
evident of Maslow’s second step of providing security for oneself. Unfortunately, our increase
in power will and has brought up the issue of what if China becomes a superpower. The power
transition theory supports this worry of a rising power threatening other powers. Hopefully, our
policy on peace will help decrease this worry.
To be more specific, my group wants to continue China’s success in trade. We want to
continue our trade of agricultural, industrial and resourceful exports to U.S., Japan, EU, and
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South Korea. If other countries like Russia want to trade, I think we are willing to. We will
continue to accept our imports from the EU, Japan, Taiwan, the U.S. and South Korea.
However, we want to continue our exports more than imports to maintain our surplus.
Hopefully, we can accomplish the forecasted trend of becoming the leading exporting
country. This surplus should be used to decrease the poverty in China. Unfortunately, the richpoor gap is increasing. The coastal areas are doing well while the rural areas are still in poverty.
Provinces like Hubei have made a shift from poverty to a flourishing area due to the increasing
economy. Hopefully, a policy that will let farmers own their own land instead of the current
government policy of making them self sufficient will help decrease poverty in the rural areas.
These policies are evident of Lasswell’s welfare values of wealth and well-being. Also, by
increasing our economy, we can put it towards improving education and increasing skill and
technology, which are also Lasswell’s values.
Our CTO and CBO are working together to continue our current open policy of trade.
They also are trying to increase the foreign investment in China by enforcing the policy of letting
outside companies utilize patents. Our CMO is working towards the current policy of peace with
others. As for human rights and environmental problems, that is what our CSO are concentrating
on. Right now, China has human rights established in its constitution and law, but they are not
being strongly enforced. As for environment, pollution and the scarcity of clean water are
increasing. We are looking to decrease emissions and using alternative sources of energy. Right
now, we are the second largest consumer and third largest producer of energy. We are projected
to be the leading country to demand energy in the future. China, along with other countries, has
a moral obligation to recognize their people’s rights and taking care of the environment. These
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responsibilities are also examples of Maslow’s third step in regards to the community and
Lasswell’s value of rectitude.
As for dealing with other countries, we want to increase trade, investment, take care of
environmental problems and terrorist problems if it arises and happens to us. These
environmental and security issues are evident of Maslow’s steps. We need to discuss these
issues and come to compromise in order to maintain peace. Hopefully, the countries mentioned
above will want to continue trade with us and actually increase its investment. We are more than
willing to trade with them. We also will continue participation with APEC and WTO if they
increase our chances of success in trade.
As for environmental problems, my goal is to get other countries to realize the major
problem it is becoming. Other countries, along with us, need to look at alternatives. Global
warming is an international, not a domestic problem. As for terrorism, we allocated money to
help U.S. with Afghanstan and Iraq after the 9/11 terrorist attack on U.S. Hopefully, this kind of
support will continue if we are affected or if others are affected by terrorism.
Finally, we want to improve relations with others. We want to maintain the current U.S.
and China economic relations. U.S. is the only superpower today and by maintaining strong
relations with them, this will help us. We want to attract more U.S. investment. As for Taiwan,
this is a very touchy area. We want to maintain peace with them. I agree with the current
Chinese president, Hu Jintao’s policy of not making a Chinese reunification with Taiwan a major
goal. However, if Taiwan wants to become one with mainland China, we are more than willing
to accept it. Hopefully, Taiwan will not try to make relations worse with us. We are their largest
trade and they are only fifth in importance to us when it comes to trade. Taiwan’s debts are
increasing while we have the third largest economy. If we wanted we could go to Japan and
25
South Korea for high technological supplies instead of to Taiwan. We will try to continue trade
and peace with Taiwan.
As CEO, I need to make sure I overlook decisions that my members and I want to
enforce. Hopefully, I have done enough research to help me be able to understand China’s
current state and its forecasted future. As for other countries, I want to be able to understand
their current state and how we would affect their future and as well as how they would affect us
through the policies we would all like to enforce.
Promoting Policies
As CEO of China, my main goals are to sustain China’s power and continue its growth
economically. However, environment, military concerns and foreign relations are just as
important too. First of all, China wants to continue its policy of keeping peaceful relations with
others. China has no reason to go to war and will hopefully not start having a reason. As for
Taiwan, our policy is now to make peaceful relations with it. We would like for it to consider
itself with China. However, if it wants to believe it is independent or fighting for it, that is their
issue. As I mentioned before, we do not want to go to war.
Even though China does not want to go to war, it would like to make its military more up
to date with certain technologies. We are hoping that the US will help China improve its
military, but not feel threatened by it. Because of the increase of terrorism, China needs to be up
to date in order to prevent it. Although we would have to increase military spending to
accomplish this goal, we do not want to end up using too much of our GDP towards it. Other
domestic concerns should be taken care of for the welfare of the people.
Out of all China’s policies, the main policy that we want to push forward strongly is our
economic one. China wants to continue its policy of opening itself to the world economically.
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We have so many resources and make products at affordable prices. We are more than willing to
continue trade with the US, the EU, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and hopefully add Russia. The
CEOs have met only once in class, but we made it clear that economics and trade are all of our
main goals with each other. Trade among China and others have been successful so far for us
and our partners. Hopefully, this will continue. Also, part of our economic policy is to increase
foreign investment in China. We hope to do this by enforcing the current policy on patents.
Finally, China needs to improve its environmental pollution and problems. Acid rain is
present and rivers are polluted. Global warming is increasing and this is an international issue.
China wants to enforce policies where we use alternative sources of energy for fuel.
Hydropower is one alternative. All of the countries should make the environment an issue to
create a policy on, maybe together?
As for now, these are policies China would like to enforce. Along with other countries’
help these policies can be enforced. However, only simulation will provide us with the answer if
other countries would like to strengthen ties with China or if they are against China’s policies. It
will also provide us with others’ policies and whether we agree with it or not. Agreement and
disagreement of policies will probably affect relations among countries. Hopefully, China will
be able to work with others.
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Tapuitea McMullin
CFO
Section A
The two graphs below are amongst many in the IF’s Database that give us a glimpse of the trends
China will most likely encounter in the decades to come. I chose these two because China is shown to
have the highest increase rate in trends between the years 2001 and 2040. The first graph portrays the
Power of Leading Actors. Although the European Union and the USA were in the lead in 2001, their rates
are shown to be decreasing whereas China’s continue to increase. This graph shows that China is
becoming a fast rising power amongst many of the nations top powers.
The second graph deals with the Exports of Largest Industrial Countries. It reveals that come the
year 2040 China will have the highest revenue for exported items. That is a major change being that in the
year 2001 China made the least amount amongst the USA, Germany and Japan. This graph proves such
statements like “China is the fastest growing economy”
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Because these two graphs show that China will indeed become a leading nation, I assume that
other nations will want to form good relations with this new power. I chose the time frame because I was
looking at the graphs in the 2020 period when I noticed the increase in China’s trends. I then tried the
2040 period to see whether they would continue to rise.
This information gives my group and I a chance to better prepare for the numerous policies and
treaties, old and new, that we will possibly be forming or renewing with other countries. I believe that as
long as we can strengthen our alliances with other leading nations such as the USA and Japan, who are
perhaps our two top competitors, and continue to keep things as peaceful as possible with other countries,
we can fulfill the predictions that the IF’s Database have determined for China as a leading nation.
China’s Foreign Relations
“The People's Republic of China maintains diplomatic relations with most countries in the world,
but makes acknowledging its claim to Taiwan and severing any official ties with the Republic of China
(ROC) government a prerequisite for diplomatic exchanges. In 1971, the PRC replaced the Republic of
China as the sole representative for "China" in the United Nations and as one of the five permanent
members of the United Nations Security Council; it is also considered a founding member although the
PRC was not in control at the founding of the UN.” (Peoples Republic of China-Wikipedia)
“China pursues an independent and peaceful foreign policy directed toward peace. The basic
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objectives of this policy are to safeguard the independence and sovereignty of the country, strive to create
a long-standing and favorable international environment for China's reform, opening to the outside world
and modernization drive, safeguard world peace and promote common development. As the largest
developing country in the world and a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China is willing to
make unremitting efforts for world peace and development, and the establishment of a new peaceful,
stable, fair and reasonable international political and economic order.” (China Window)
As China’s CFO, I am responsible for the “bargaining and negotiation across country
governments.” I believe that we should continue to keep things peaceful with other nations and focus on
our economic development. We are looking at a very high increase in the economic value of China in the
near future and with that increase there will be many issues both positive and negative to deal with. These
graphs give us an understanding of how we could in a sense control future problems from arising and a
chance at working to better incorporate the policies we want to follow. From my understanding of the
graphs, with our rise in economic development, our rise as a world power follows. I will be working
closely with all my officers to ensure that we are doing what would be for the best interest of China.
My part in this simulations lies fully on working closely with all the officers in my group, most
especially the CEO since I will need her approval to go forth with any policy I would be considering.
Also, I would like to work closely with our CMO being that he is considering asking the U.S. for help in
increasing our militia power. I support his decision to go forth with this action and I would like to work
with him to learn more on this subject and possibly draft up a press release insuring that this is just a
precaution we have taken into consideration.
After discussing this issue with the CEO, we both agree that other countries might take this as a
threat and I want to be able to assure the CFO’s of the other groups/countries that we are still abiding by
our policy of “world peace“. And also help them understand that we are going through with increasing
militia power because with the trends set forth, we have to be able to take on anything that might come
our way. As mentioned above, I have decided to maintain a peaceful foreign environment and I know
that I have the support of my team members as we have all agreed that “keeping the peace” would be in
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the best interest for China. As CFO, I will have to stay updated with the actions of my team members and
I expect their cooperation in this matter as their decisions may or may not effect the peace policy that we
have set for China.
Press Release
The Peoples Republic of China has made known their intent to promote their ‘peaceful foreign
policy’. China has already exceeded Japan as a leading exporter and this comes to show that China is
indeed becoming the world’s ‘fastest growing economy’. Also, the trends reported by the International
Future’s database show China to become the leading acting power by the year 2040. With this
information at hand, China is determined to reassure other leading powers that they will remain a peaceful
nation and promote “world peace” so long as other nations will cooperate and maintain this ‘peace’ with
the People’s Republic of China.
China's independent and peaceful foreign policy has the following major components:
“-Adhering to independence. China decides on its approaches and policies regarding international
issues independently. In international affairs, China shall decide its own stand according to the
rights and wrongs of an affair, shall never yield to pressure from any big countries.
-Safeguarding world peace. China shall adhere to opposing hegemonies, power politics and
aggressive expansion in any form; and adhere to opposing the infringement by any country on
other countries' sovereignty and territorial integrity or interfering in other countries' internal
affairs on the excuse of ethnic, religious or human rights issues.
-Establishing friendly and cooperative relations. China is willing to establish and develop friendly
and cooperative relations with all countries on the basis of the following five principles: mutual
respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each
other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence. China shall not
decide its relations with other countries according to social or ideological systems.
-Developing good-neighborly relations. China actively develops friendly relations with its
surrounding countries, safeguards the peace and stability of the region, and promotes economic
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cooperation at the regional level. China maintains that the disputes concerning borders, territory
and territorial waters left over by history be solved through dialogues and talks so as to seek fair
and reasonable solutions. If a dispute cannot be solved right away, it may be put aside for the time
being, and common ground be sought while reserving differences. An unsolved dispute should
not affect normal relations between the relevant countries.
-Strengthening unity and cooperation with developing countries. China has always taken it as the
basis of its foreign policy to strengthen unity and cooperation with developing countries. China
has consistently attached great importance to developing all-round friendly and cooperative
relations with the Third World countries, actively seeking mutually complementary economic,
trade, scientific and technological cooperative channels, strengthening consultation and
cooperation with them on international issues, and jointly safeguarding the rights and interests of
developing countries.
-Opening to the outside world. China opens to developed countries as well as to developing
countries. On the basis of equality and mutual benefit, China actively conducts extensive
international cooperation to promote common development. As the largest developing country in
the world and a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China is willing to make
unremitting efforts for world peace and development, and the establishment of a new peaceful,
stable, fair and reasonable international political and economic order.” (China Window)
The Chief Foreign Officer of the People’s Republic of China fully supports this policy. She
believes that as long as this policy can be maintained, China could indeed rise to become a leading power.
She only hopes that with all the reassurances in their policy, other leading nations will not take this pose
as a threat.
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References
1. China Window::Foreign Policy (http://www.china-window.com/china_briefing/China-ForeignRelations/foreign-policy.shtml)
2. People’s Republic of China-Wikipedia online
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China#Political_divisions)
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Jonathan Punio
CMO
Final Essay 1- China & The World
China is a geographically vast country with 1/6th of the world population, which has a growing
economy, and global influence. In China I have reviewed other countries capabilities and their
relationships to China’s political standings. China is a militarily strong force among other leading nations
in the world and other countries view our military strength as an aggressive power that may dominate
other nations through the use of its massive force. China military policy currently has a peaceful defense
policy that will not massively mobilize a large force for international conflicts; nevertheless, China does
participate in special operations internationally and has a force of 7,000-10,000 Special Forces personnel
known as the Special Operation Forces.
The three major graphs for every major topic in order to view their differences in the policy the
group may want to implement, by which the trend is identified. I focused on Energy Demand of Large
Consumer States, Power of Leading Actors, and Hard or Capabilities Power of US and China to be able
to prove our growing needs, as we develop to be an increasingly larger superpower in the 21st century.
The graphs are a quick way to view the curve of decline or of growth; moreover, the increase of a need or
the decrease of a need in some resource that is available at the time of the future that the graph identifies.
I’ve mainly selected three policies to compare each other with. The most frequently used policy was the
“working file” that the country currently has and how it will develop on that policy in by 2020. That
normally provided me a basis to view the countries current trend of movement and then compared them
with “Sustainability” and “Security First” policies. I have realized that on most cases the sustainability
was a better policy to use verses the others.
Statistical Analysis of China
I believe is essential to review, as China becomes a leading power globally and how other
countries will view China, the policies, and ideals that we may develop. Since our economy is strong and
our people are more educated, embracing the quality of life and country in progressive growth peacefully
is influential to either a great supporter of other nations or as a great threat. I have developed two graphs
of the same topic but with different policies that Chinese officials (group members) may want to
incorporate.
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
Regarding the Energy Demands for the future outlook of China, it will inevitably increase
dramatically compared to other leading nations in the world. Therefore, China must have
resources from other countries to either provide the energy demands or technology to increase
self-production of energy. Necessary alliances, trade, and support are required for growth in order
to maintain a strong presence in Asia.

Viewing other countries with great influence, technology advancement, and military strength that
may be appealing to support our necessary interests and possible threats to China’s ability to
build growth. Understanding that their support to china will be very supportive to our interests
and as we maybe to the other leading countries as our county grows strength as indicated.
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
As China’s Military and strategic capabilities increases to become a one of the leading
superpowers in the 21st century by comparing the currently supreme world superpower the United
States and their slow decline.
Energy Demand of Large Consumer States was a topic that interested me through my group
members and how we discovered that China is currently a state that is rapidly increasing Energy Demands
by creating goods to compete, develop technology, meeting their consumer needs within the country, and
general growth in the modern world. Therefore, I wanted to view the actual need of Energy since it
became a topic of concern in our group, which it may require necessary diplomacy, trade, alliances, or
military involvement to get access to meet the needs of our ever growing country. As it is identified on
the graph it shows that china compared to the other leading nations is a country that is increasingly
demanding a great need of Energy. Since other countries are either also increasing or declining their own
need of Energy it is still very different by each year of the past, present, and future the growing demand.
Energy to me a vital way of growth for a country to expand, similar to that of a engine and without the
basic necessity then the country will either halt at the limits or simply decline.
Power of Leading Actors expresses the countries around the world that has a major impact on the
world. The other major countries are Japan, European Union, India, United States (US), and China.
Identifying these countries to be able to have influence, support, and strength. Then the last graph that is
in relation to the power of leading actors are the hard capabilities Power of China and of US and China.
By viewing the graph of China is a definite answer to its increasing power and Chinese capabilities in the
present, past and future through until 2020. Then comparing the same graph to the US, which is the global
superpower that became supreme after the fall of the Soviet Union in the 20th Century and held their
global strength that is a leading nation of the world today. Nevertheless, the US is on a slow decline to
their global stance of the world and that China is growing, but still far from reaching the US power. The
partnership, alliance to the US without military agreements is a recommended path for the continuation of
and enhancement to the Chinese and US relations.
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There is currently tensions increasing regarding to the ownership of Taiwan and that the Chinese
officials had already claimed Taiwan as a province within their regions in the country. Regardless if they
have become independent to Dutch/Japanese rule. With the tensions growing to include Taiwan as a state
to the Peoples Republic of China then in that result there is international tensions with the United States
having to support Taiwan as an independent state. Then how US involvement will influence Taiwan’s
independence and China’s ability to react. However, I don’t believe its necessary to forcefully annex
Taiwan into China with our military might, but to increase the relationship with Taiwan and to create a
new collective policy that the two states can have a common agreement in order to unite these states as
one. This will enhance both nations through economic growth and toward a peaceful acceptance that
everyone can be effectively form a stronger nation together. With Taiwan becoming a joint nation to
China may cause domestic problems between both nations of possible terrorism. North Korea is a threat
by increasing its capabilities to have nuclear weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and since much of
there ideals is a radical militaristic nation. Considering that North Korea is on the Boarder to China. If
North Korea were to have WMDs then South Korea is at a high threat to become forcefully annexed. But
with the protection of the US the North Koreans may not want to inflict a third world war against all
nations. Then they may want to ally with our nation or Russia to provide them a support to their cause. If
China refuses then our people and our boarders is and will be a threat to nuclear attack, then a possible
invasion.
Currently, China has, “natural resources: coal, iron, ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin,
tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, uranium,
hydropower potential (world’s largest)” (CIA-The World Factbook, pg2) that our group can use as trade
products to other countries for different types of necessary goods. Within the community basis of the
country I did not notice any current terrorist activity with the country had operated within China.
However, China does participate in counter terrorism domestically and internationally. In the military
their citizens, “18-22 years of age for compulsory military service, with 24-month service obligation; no
minimum age for voluntary service; 17 years of age for women who meet requirements for specific
military jobs” (CIA-The World Factbook, pg11). Therefore, the Chinese military is not entirely of a
volunteer level force but of a necessary service obligation to the country for a limited amount of time.
Unlike, North Korea they have a mandatory service obligation from 17 until death as far as I understood.
In China the country accepted refugees from Vietnam and North Korea.
China is the second wealthiest country in the world and uses only what funds is necessary and
keeps the rest of their economy on reserve. China shows in the CIA-The World Fact book website that
China tends to have much of their resources and asset on reserve and that it provides them with an
advantage to many other leading consumers in the world. It would ensure the country that there are
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enough resources that would be able to provide for the country for many months even a year or two. This
will become very appealing to other countries around the world and would want our support, resources,
wealth, or militarily strategic strength. If other nations do oppose the decisions that we make and becomes
an increasing threat then other alliances should be made to counter their threat or simply mobilize a
sufficient force to counter the threat until their attack or result against their threat that will result in our
next decision.
Increasing the growth of the people’s education, skill, and values that can be supported by the
government should be made and provided and open to more countries to create factories, stores,
technology that would share their information or provide an increase in economy and provide the people
with suitable jobs. Seeking to find sources of another nation that would have agricultural advances to
support our agricultural technologies to create more food surpluses to provide for the people instead of
imports from other nations. Having relations to increase our technology and self-production of goods to
be a leading competitor in the market. More military training supports for our large military force in
modernized warfare. Increase military resources and technology of our modern military force.
My group wanted to know how are military is formed, by either a volunteer force or a mandatory
service obligation. In result that the Chinese military is formed by a limited service obligation and mainly
have a volunteer force. This would provide the people of choice and that everyone would serve the
country at least once for a short period of time unless a war is declared. Then the kind of military force
that China has currently and what are their capabilities? China has a vastly large military of, “1,750,000
active military and 1,400,000 frontline personnel” (military factory, pg1). This is a basic look of how
large the military force in China is currently. China has a very large amount of missile defense systems,
armor tanks, airborne units, artillery, and infantry support weapons with their special operations forces.
Much of which is currently classified information. The military expenditure is 3.5%-5% of the GDP that
is $60 billion dollars of the yearly expenditure. Then there are currently two satellites that China has in
space and that one is used strictly for military purposes and the other is used for both civil and military
purposes. China does have a large nuclear arsenal and with the current military policy of a peaceful
defense currently that it will not necessarily attack another nation without being attacked. I would expect
that my group members will be observant, understanding to the needs of our continued defense to
increase our need of technologically advanced military goods and production. Provide the necessary jobs
and market for our people to prevent them from starvation and into terrorism. Increase educational needs
of the people and provide more supplementary learning and skills. Increase growth through the ability to
create our own way to provide oil, and energy that is needed. Currently we need half of all the consumed
oil from other imports around the world to operate. Must have better policy and if necessary changing our
policies to increase our needs and meet the demands for energy.
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Section C:
I’ve expressed concerns of the greater needs in energy, increase our defense systems with more
technologically advanced weaponry, invite highly trained personnel to enhance our military knowledge &
tactics for the vastly large military manpower, increase our need to improve the agricultural technology to
provide the needs then possibly a surplus, develop our own research and technology for the competing
market, and lastly to build factories, industries, and encourage trade companies to manufacture goods in
order to provide jobs and skills to the people. China is a strong nation that has have an impressive history
of its nation in unity and now we believe that China should take advantage of their moment to triumph
again and improve the lifestyle of its people and grow partnerships to increase the economic standings to
become the worlds leader, in order to ensure a longer and very efficient security and stability in its Global
standings of the future. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Chief Intelligence Officer (CIO) had
agreed that these are the needs of China in its reach to become a global superpower. The CEO, CIO, and
other members have expressed similar concerns of China and how we would like to improve the quality,
stability, and its growth.
The CIO and myself have been working closely to understand the dangers and threats that China
currently has and how that may affect China in the simulations. Unlike some countries they have
intensifying terrorist attacks and sometimes-daily threats of such attacks. Fortunately, China has no
terrorist cells within the country. Taiwan that has a growing tension with China and its claim to
independence as a democratic country. In our meeting with our counterparts in all the nations of the
world, representing their respective military governments discussed their current policies and other
information that will become valuable in the simulations. Taiwan, in my impression of their CMO has a
very aggressive defensive policy, because in the meeting he had asked if anyone is willing to provide
Taiwan with massive amounts of arms, “collecting arms against China, to protect self-interests,” said the
Taiwan CMO. Regarding Taiwan, our leverage if they plan to attack or not cooperate peacefully is that
China will stop all their forms of trade in import and export of goods, and since China is their largest
provider. Moreover, if they do attack China, then we will use all forms necessary of its full force of the
Chinese military and conquer their government without any negotiations except for an absolute surrender.
Other countries like the US may intervene to stop the attack on Taiwan, but once the world understands
that they had attacked China then they have crossed the boundaries of a peaceful resolution and their
allies will be faced with the same War against China. Russia explained that they currently have no allies
and that they are dealing with terrorist’s, who is known as the mafia, and the CMO gave the impression
that he was unsure if he wanted to remain allies with China. Russia also explained that once the terrorist
situation is resolved then they had other plans for the military. South Korea was expressing concerns
about North Korea and was also requesting arms for their defense. South Korea’s CMO explained they
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currently has a peaceful military policy. I would recommend increase in relations to South Korea.
Unfortunately, the North Korean CMO was not represented and it is viewed of being an aggressive
military power and I would recommend only limited relations to NK with no military trade, relations,
support, and treaties. North Korea is a threat to China and would only encourage the peaceful prevention
of North Korea to become capable of having WMDs in its arsenal. United States of America’s CMO
explained that they are planning to pull some of their troops and close several bases globally in order to
decrease spending and is planning to create a peaceful defense policy. However, they wish to still
maintain a strong force globally. US and China has had only limited relations and we would like to open
our doors for an increase in relations and trade that would become very beneficial for both nations. Japans
CMO explained that they are a pacifist nation after WWII by the US. I would recommend relations to
Japan and increase trade and technology. Indonesia explained that they are having difficulties with
terrorist activities and their internal problems of the government. Then Germany that has a peaceful
policy and is planning to support train the Indonesian government against the terrorists. I would
encourage relations with Germany and that they are also the European Union.
I would like to change our current military policy from a peaceful defense policy to a
peacekeeping defense policy that will enhance our determination to ensure peace internationally against
our interests and to prevent terrorism from operating, entering China and other nations of interests. The
defense of the policy simply means that it will not enter another country in a form of invasion as to
expand China as an Empire (opposition), but it will protect its boundaries, borders, people, and our way
of life against all enemies foreign and domestic. With the new defensive policy it will engage the
necessary growth of our technological military resources to provide efficient protection from our
neighboring countries. The new policy will enrich our ability to support the end of terrorism, provide
special operations more effectively, and become a global influence. However the political standings as a
Communist state are still a concern but China also encourage capitalistic beliefs. The CEO and CIO was
not totally confidant to keep the Country, as a Communist state but there is no plans to officially change
that.
Press Release
Good Morning, Ladies and Gentlemen of the Peoples Republic of China. A new policy is in
affect, The Peacekeeping Defense Policy, a new policy that will enrich the old policy in the Era of the 21st
Century that is modernized to support not only China but the other people in the world that is suffering
from terrorism and to provide humanitarian aid and support in the peacekeeping of our policy. The
Defense policy is to enhance our ability to secure our boarders and ensure protection from possible
invaders by growing our military resources and improving on our technology. It is necessary to prevent
possible terrorists from destructing the governments and industries that we are supported by and the
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possibility of massive killings and eventually lead to terrorism in China. It will encourage our influence
upon the world and as a leading nation for peace and happiness without fear.
I would expect to have financial support in order to strengthen our military capabilities. I do not
expect to inflict harm on another country unless there is absolute reason to and if the other nation attacks
and invades China. If a country does attack China I would expect the policy to immediately change and
retaliate with military force. I would not expect peace talks until the end of a war or not at all by
becoming annexed. I anticipate that other countries may become threatened by the increase in our military
resources, but they may appreciate our desire to end terrorism even with protecting our own country. I do
not believe our country will be in a conflict that would require large military force in the simulation but
more of a peaceful interaction with other various countries with a common desire to improve its self,
grow economically, and to ensure security for their own prosperity.
Bibliography
The Central Intelligence Agency. (2006, February 14) The World Factbook: China.
http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ch.html#Econ
China Military Strength. (2006, February 2) Military Factory- China Military Strength
http://www,militaryfactory.com/countries/popup.asp?country_id=5
Military Strengths Comparison. (2006, February 2) Military Factory- China vs Taiwan Strength
http://www,militaryfactory.com/countries_comparison_detail.asp
Chinese Defense Today. (2006, February 2) Space Program, Navy, Air Power, Ground Forces
http://www.sinodefence.com/
China Today. Com. (2006, February 2) China General Information Base.
http://www.chinatoday.com/arm/
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Christina Shin
CTO
China: Economy and Trade
Section A
In dealing with China’s growing economy and trade networks, I found the two graphs shown
above to be most insightful in giving a road map to China’s near future. The first graph is on exports of the
largest industrial countries. China is ranked in amongst the top four along with the U.S., Germany, and
Japan. The graph shows the increase in exports that China is expected to experience within the next 15
years. By the year 2020 China’s exports will have surpassed that of the three top industrial countries. In
comparison to exporting amounts below the three countries in 2000, China’s growth rate appears to be
rising exponentially.
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The second graph shows the manufacturing value added in key countries, with the same four
countries being placed in comparison. The data in this second graph resembles the growth rate with the
first graph. China starts off below the value of the top contending three countries but exceeds beyond
Japan and Germany by 2020. Although the graph does not show China’s value rate going beyond the
rate of the U.S. it can be inferred that China’s rate will continues to rise whereas the U.S. appears to be
leveling off. Both graphs illustrate China’s growing economy and foothold in the world trade network.
These trends indicate a fairly positive outlook for China in general. In regards to trade, old
alliances will strengthen and new alliances will occur. With China soon to become the leading player in
the world economy and in conjunction with Maslow’s ideas, I believe that many other nations will seek out
to create strong relations with China. As the nation grows it will create a threat to other countries who will
either try to deter or align themselves with China. The People’s Republic of China has in the past been
seen for its communistic government and cheap labor. With the coming rise in the world economy
perhaps China will gain more respect with its status as a strong industrialized nation. With the information
provided and following the GDA model as shown in class lectures, I would like to implement stronger
trade relations for China with existing alliances, while at the same time creating new ones with those
emerging industrial nations, as the country’s goal in trade. My particular vision for where China is heading
deals with placing a larger emphasis on the growing economy and trade. I feel that in China’s current
state, strengthening trade relations will better the country as a whole seeing as China is to be the top
exporting nation.
Section B
China is predicted to be the next leading industrialized nation surpassing that of the United
States. I believe that at this moment the world economy and trade networks have their eyes on China with
aspirations of larger and stronger trade opportunities. China has had the fastest growth rate in world with
an average rate of 10% per year. Currently China is the world’s third largest trading nation behind the
U.S. and Germany. Estimates predict that by the year 2020 China will have surpassed Germany and in
the following decade, China will also reach trade levels above the U.S. As China has moved away from a
closed trade system to an open market one, the country has experienced rapid growth economically.
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Although the economic future may appear bright for China, there are many internal issues that
need to be addressed. Even though the economy is more open-market based there are still several major
state owned enterprises that are a hindrance to China’s growth. The existing problem with these
enterprises need to be fixed through stronger methods to get the businesses to sell, merge, or close
down. This however poses a problem in itself because as these state owned enterprises are closed down
there will be mass numbers of the population becoming unemployed. For China as a nation I think it is
important to find more adequate means of supplying jobs for those unemployed.
With the growing economy there has been an increase in the gap of wealth for the population.
The more highly developed costal provinces are becoming wealthier, while on the opposite end, the poor
inland rural population is getting increasingly poorer. Although trade networks are important and should
not be neglected, China needs to amend these internal issues before these problems grow out of control.
As the CTO for China, I see the responsibility to be up to date with the current economic state of
the nation and to provide various alternatives to any issues the nation faces economically. I am proposing
to revitalize China’s internal economic issues while at the same time strengthening trade relations with
other competitive nations. I strongly believe that China is the wild card in the international economy and
stronger trade and economic implementations can only benefit the nation.
In accordance to Easton’s model of decision making, I look forward to receiving support from all
members of China as trade issues in some way relate to every person, to create lasting policies that will
benefit the nation. With respect to the environment, the growing economy has placed a large strain as
China’s environment becomes abused and deteriorates. I hope to find alternative methods of approaching
this situation with the economic specialist. Business and trade go hand in hand, therefore I see the CTO
working closely with the CBO so that both members can be on the same wavelength of proposals and
ideas. Militarily it should be noted that China’s technology is somewhat lacking. With already made offers
of trade technology and materials proposed in a CTO meeting I look forward to getting the approval and
insight of the CMO. The CIO will be of great important for trade information on other competing nations.
With the CSO on humanitarian rights and issues, I hope to resolve certain poverty issues that are a result
of the booming economy. Finally, with the CEO I’d like to receive any feedback on the proposal to
strengthen the economy and to gain insight as to where the CEO would like to propel the nation.
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Section C
Intellectual Property Rights: Whose rights are at stake?
As a nation China plans to implement stronger policies in dealing with issues on Intellectual
Property Rights (IPR). China, as a growing trade power, needs to take more affirmative action on
infringements of Intellectual Property Rights and take responsibility. Two points of focus with China’s
policy of Intellectual Property Rights are (a) greater market access and a more predictable commercial
environment, and (b) enforcing stricter measures to deter massive IPR infringements.
Since joining the World Trade Organization, China has strengthened its legal framework on laws
and regulations of Intellectual Property Rights but continues to be a hub for counterfeiters and piracy.
Therefore, while the allure of greater market accessibility and stable commercial activity is enticing to
foreign enterprises, all the negative IPR infringements pose a difficult problem. In order to tackle this evergrowing dilemma, China looks first to reform the government’s reliance on administrative measures to
fight against breaking IPR laws. Instead the government now seeks to the use of criminal measures to
heighten the stakes and place tougher punishment on those breaking the regulations. China
acknowledges that much of the lack of enforcement stems from the corruption on the local/provincial
levels and will attempt to undertake methods of eliminating and reforming this problem. Finally the
Chinese government seeks to promote larger public awareness of the negative effects piracy has on the
nation’s economy.
As the root of the problem appears to be in the regulation of IPR at the local scene, the
government will begin major reforms with officials and enforcement at these base levels. The nation’s
governing body expects there to be an outcry of resistance on these local levels, especially from those
who benefit most from counterfeiting profits. On the other hand, China expects positive acknowledge and
support from foreign enterprises and larger domestic enterprises whose intellectual rights are being made
to be more secured. China is focusing on addressing those grievances brought up by foreign enterprises
and hopes that the tougher policies will ease any tension of entering China’s market. The demand for
implementing such a policy on intellectual property rights has always been brought up and although the
immediate consequence may be a minor setback on local levels and tedious enforcement, in the long run,
the policies will prove to be a factor for stabilizing the economy of China.
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Reference:
U.S. Department of State. (2005, March) Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs: China.
Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/18902.htm
The Central Intelligence Agency. (2006, January 10) The World Factbook: China.
Retrieved from http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ch.html#Econ
The Wikimedia Foundation Inc. (2006, February 18) Wikipedia the Free Encyclopedia: Economy
of the People’s Republic of China. Retrieved from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China
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Lynne Yasuda
CBO
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As CBO of China I thought Graph 1 was an important graph because it shows China’s
consumption of oil over the past twenty-five years. Since the mid 90’s China’s consumption of
oil has sky rocketed and will soon need to find alternate places to import oil. China is the second
largest consumer of oil in the world behind the U.S; therefore with growing future dependence
on oil imports, Indonesia is someplace China will want to do business with in the near future.
Indonesia has a large number of oil reserves that China may want to tap into when the times
comes. According to Maslow, this trend of increasing oil consumption could prove to be a threat
to our country as fight for oil might be a reason other countries want to go to war. This large
increase in oil consumption shows that China has a growing economy, which is positive for our
country.
I thought this second graph “Exports of Largest Industrial Countries” was interesting
because by 2020, China will be exporting more than the U.S. The U.S. is known as the single
(unipolar) world power, but China will be stiff competition within the next fifteen years, which
means that China’s economy will be booming and huge. China’s current economic system is
considered to be 100 years behind the U.S. but with the technological updating of factories,
equipment, and capitalistic business strategies enables China to grow in bounds economically.
Because China is relatively new to foreign trade, its exports will only grow as it expands
worldwide. Japan is a country China would be willing to get involved with for trade in cars. By
2050 China would like to have an addition of “hundred of millions of cars to their country”
(Watts) now that more people will be able to afford the commodity. Japan also has a new line of
hybrid cars that produce fewer emissions and has great gas mileage. China has some of the most
polluted cities in the world; therefore investing in a commodity that is environmentally friendly
will allow China to have the best of both worlds. The long-term vision for China would be to be
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the next world power above the U.S, establish ourselves as leader of science and technology, and
to bring the Chinese people out of poverty with higher standards of living.
In the final graph, “Energy Demand for Large Consumer States” again shows just how
much China will be growing in the next 20 years. According to John Taylor, reporter for ABC
news, “ China the fastest growing economy in the world is grappling with massively increased
demand for energy”. China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of coal as seventy six
percent of all electricity is reliant on coal. I oppose such rampant use of coal because of the
environmental degradation it causes and because China has16 of the 20 most polluted cities in
the world. The U.S. may be a threat to China as their energy demand steadily increases, there
may not be enough resources to support the growing need for energy which can put countries to
war.
China’s fast growing economy will overtake America’s by 2050 according to U.S
Congress. As China recently adopted capitalistic business trade, their economy has been
growing at a substantial “rate of 9% a year” (CIA). According to James McGregor, “China
needed capital, technology, manufacturing expertise, management know-how, and overseas
markets for its products. Like all start-ups, the Chinese have progressed through frantic trial and
error, making it up every day, copying and modifying the practices and products of others,
always sprinting to capture the market first, always aiming at the next pile of quick profits”
(McGregor). Leading research experts in at the Chinese Academy of Sciences address, “if China
can keep up this phenomenal economic growth, the average income in China will raise 10 fold.”
This means the average income can go from 1,300 dollars/month to 13,000 dollars/month. The
new middle class will for the first time will be able to afford cars with their increase of income.
It is estimated in the near future half of all the middle class will own a car and be able to afford
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overseas travel by 2020, which is why I would like to begin trade with Japan immediately on the
hybrid cars. Although China may not necessarily have the space to acquire cars, technological
advances in roads and highways will propel China forward as into a dominating world power.
As CBO, I would also like to promote a policy to create more efficient energy use. China
has many old outdated power plants that are coal powered and inefficient; technological
advances in this area could save China billions of dollars on energy use in the future as the
demand for energy is growing tremendously. According to Dr. Yang on ABC news, “China is
inefficient because it uses lower and more backward methods to create energy, and too often the
end energy users are also inefficient. The real solution, he believes, is for China to change the
way it both produces and uses energy.” Based on this study, if we adopt more efficient energy
policy and renewable, we can cut at least 800 million to 900 million tonnes of coal equivalent of
energy. That means from 3.3 billion tonnes of coal equivalent we cut it down to 2.6 billion
tonnes of coal equivalent which would mean more energy with fewer resources used. This can
save a lot of energy. Dr. Yang also concludes that based on this scenario, China is affordable to
provide low cost energy for the society to still keep economical growth.
I want to make investments in biotechnology in the upcoming years. China wants to
become specialized in a field (ie: Japan with electronics) and make investments in biotechnology
to become a leading power in science and technology. Lastly, new patent laws that are more
viable in court with harsher penalties for violators. Although there are copyright laws that
already exist in our country, the laws are taken very lightly with copyright infringements. This
will change because as CBO I believe that the Chinese people have a right their intellectual
property and inventors shall be credited with their work. I believe my other CBO rivals from
Japan and Indonesia expect China to start up trade with them immediately. Japan will want to
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export their new line of hybrid cars to us and Indonesia, another economically growing country,
will want to bargain their oil for some of China’s wealth. My teammates for China will expect
me to really take advantage of the fact that China has capitalistic business capabilities as is able
to now take businesses internationally with free trade. I know people may think that China
should focus all their energy on business, but I feel that updating technologies within our country
will prove be greater than business alone because the money saved from inefficient energy use
will give even more capital to our country. These are some of the few policies I will enact as
CBO of China!
Part C
China, the fastest growing economy in the word, will promote policies such as
biotechnology, efficient energy use, and copyright laws. Such policies will save money on
wasted energy use and even propel China into the highest ranks in science and technology.
Agricultural Biotechnology over the past few years has been a huge investment for
China. According to some of China’s top biotechnologists, China is “developing the largest
plant biotechnology outside the U.S.” (Huang). China needs to become specialized in something
of use that will carry our country into a better way of life and living for every Chinese person. I
expect that some consequences our country may encounter are criticisms in the West for not
“paying enough attention to biosafety, the environment, consumer and food safety, and the
potential impacts of biotechnology on China's future agricultural trade position” (Huang). The
long-term effects of biotechnology may affect the import/export trade of genetically modified
crops internationally. China will also ensure that all biotechnology is appropriately funded and
is beneficial for humankind.
Although China is virtually debt free in comparison to other countries, efficient energy
use will save a lot of money on wasted energy. As CBO I plan to make laws stricter if a business
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doesn’t update their factories and businesses to optimal technological standards because the
outdated factories are the cause of excess pollution and wasted energy. I would like to see
technological advances for all business owners as the money saved on energy would be in the
billions over the long run. This extra money can be put towards biotechnology and other
Chinese advancements in science and research.
Lastly I want to make copyright violations a serious offense. Other countries are scared
to do business in our countries for fear that their ideas will be stolen by imitators who will make
money off their ideas. I plan to make copyright laws that protect the ideas of others and actually
enforce it. This will work in China’s benefit because now as the Chinese people become
wealthier, they will be able to begin their own businesses without government funding in which
copyright laws will protect them from copyright violations. We need to implement stricter
penalties to promote ethical business strategies. The long-term effect of implementing these
policies will make China more stable for the fast paced economic growth and help keep China
growing efficiently.
Work Cited
Huang, J., & Wang, Q. (2002). Agricultural biotechnology development and policy in China.
AgBioForum, 5(4), 122-135. Available on the World Wide Web:
http://www.agbioforum.org.
McGregor, James. “How China learned to love Capitalism.” AboutWeb. 6 November 2006
http://chineseculture.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://www.guardian.co.uk/f
rontpage/story/0%2C%2C1706878%2C00.html
Watts, Jonathan. “China’s Powerhouse vision for 2050.” AboutWeb. 10 February 2006
http://chineseculture.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://www.guardian.co.uk/f
rontpage/story/0%2C%2C1706878%2C00.html
CIA World Fact Book Online: China. 10 January 2006.
< http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ch.html>
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