Technical Assistance from FAO to
Central Asia & Azerbaijan
Changing landscape of ARD: emerging
challenges & Focus of FAO work in 2016
– 2020
Outline
• Introduction
• Continuum of Plant Protection & Production - seed
production – IPM – organic ag – GAP – CSA – SPS
• Natural Resources Management (Forestry, Land &
Water )
• Fisheries, Aquaculture, Policy and Investment
• Livestock & Pasture
• Introduction of the Knowledge Café
Section 1
PLANT PRODUCTION AND
PROTECTION
Sustainable crop production system to
respond to challenges
• Development of policies and strategies on sustainable crop
production intensification and diversification
• Promotion of Conservation Agriculture (CA) and Climate
Smart Agriculture (CSA)
• Sustainable pasture and grassland management
• Promotion of organic agriculture
• Promotion intensive orchard and nuts production
• Training of young experts in cooperation with CGIAR
• Improving technical capacities of implementing partners
Strengthening capacities of the National Plant
Protection Organizations
• Support in strengthening policies and implementation of
conventions and standards (e.g. ISPM)
• Harmonization of phytosanitary legislation
• Promotion of IPM by developing Farmer Field Schools (FFS)
• Developing capacities to control transboundary pests and
diseases (locust, wheat rusts).
• Monitoring and surveillance of wheat pests and diseases
• Training of young plant pathologists
Strengthening national frameworks for
pesticide management
• Registration of pesticides and
pesticide applying equipment
• Developing guidelines/manuals on
pesticide registration, specification
and quality control
• Improving pesticide and obsolete
pesticide management to reduce
risk
• Ratification of Rotterdam
Convention and its implementation
Better management of plant genetic resources
(PGR) and seed systems
• Formulation and implementation
of national strategies on PGRFA
and seed policies
• Development of capacities in
conservation and utilization of
PGR
• Promotion of seed certification
and quality control for priority
crops (cotton, wheat, fodder
crops, potatoes)
Section 2
NATURAL RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
Forestry, Land and Water
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Regional priority 3: Natural resource management, including climate
change adaptation and mitigation.
38th ECA / 29th ERC
‘Towards drought risk management in Europe and Central Asia’
Recommendation:
FAO, in collaboration with WMO and
UNCCD, supports MC for developing and
implementing policies, strategies and
action plans on drought risk management
at national and transboundary levels.
39th ECA
‘Combating land degradation for food security and ecosystem services’
Recommendation:
FAO should strengthen its technical support to
countries for halting and reversing land
degradation in all land uses, with a focus on
restoring degraded soils, in line with SDG 15
of 2030 Agenda through coordinated action.
Improve performance of the irrigation sector
N: Capacity development on irrigation modernization
R: Network of national centers of excellence and experts on
irrigation modernization
Halt and reverse soil degradation trends
R: Action from FAO and its members to promote sustainable soil
management
CACFish?
Implementation Plan (FTPP-II)!
N: FTPP-I - Turkey’s first online national soil information system
(made accessible to farmers, scientists and decision-makers)
Addressing the water – food – energy nexus in Aral Sea Basin
Cross-sectoral policy dialogue and regional cooperation
FTPP 1 - Relevant scenario framework adopted by all riparian states of
the Aral Sea basin, to be used as a tool for improved decision-making
FTPP – II / FTFP : Mainstreaming the ‘scenario thinking’ approach (UNRCCA &
FAO`s Contribution to Sustainable Forest Management at
Different Levels (National, Sub-regional, Regional)
 Combating Desertification and Restoring Mountain Watersheds
N: GEF funded projects in Kyrgyzstan and Turkey
N: Home-based Nursery Development in Tajikistan (under FTPP 1)
SR: Capacity Building for Sustainable Management of Mountain Watersheds (under FTPP 1)
 Targeting Forest Biodiversity and Climate Change
N: GEF funded projects in Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey and Uzbekistan
SR: Central Asian Desert Initiative (CADI) in Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan
FAO’s multidisciplinary support to Member Countries for
addressing the 3 Rio Conventions
(UNCCD, UNFCCC and UNCBD)
KAZAKHSTAN
KYRGYZSTAN
TAJIKISTAN
TURKEY
TURKMENISTAN
UZBEKISTAN
KAZAKHSTAN
TURKEY
TURKMENISTAN
UZBEKISTAN
Section 3
FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE
Fisheries and Aquaculture
• FISHDEV the “Superstar” of the previous FTPP
• CACFish and over 35 regional workshops
• “First cooperation on Aquaculture since fall of the
Soviet Union”
• Country projects and Regional Cooperation
Fisheries Country requests
• AZ: Improve the production, processing, Comanagement, IUU and quality assurance.
• KAZ: National policies, aquaculture/fisheries
management and action plans. Pikeperch
• Kyr: Aquaculture Capacity Dev. Food Security
Country Specific requests
• Taj: Inst. + Tech. capacity. hatchery technologies
,seed production, feed and processing,
• Turm: Increased sustainable fish production,
Climate Change adaptation and aquaculture
management
• UZ: Intensive aquaculture technology for high
production. Cages culture in water reservoirs
FISHDEV of FTPP I
• FISHDEV the “Superstar” of the previous FTPP
• CACFish and over 35 regional trainings
• “First cooperation on Aquaculture since fall of the
Soviet Union”
• Country projects and Regional Cooperation
FISHDEV II will cover
country priorities, and will
emphasize Regional
Development and
Cooperation
Section 4
POLICY
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FAO Policy Support :
Assist Member Countries to :
• Formulate, monitor and evaluate sustainable policies and
strategies;
• Identify, understand and fight the root causes of food
insecurity and malnutrition;
• Enhance policy dialogue and stakeholders consultation
• Develop capacities of public institutions
• Develop rural development strategies and approaches
• Provide analysis and data (statistics, policy and price
monitoring tools etc.)
• Develop conducive policy environment for investment
Policy support is core to FAO’s goal to improve food security
and nutrition
Policy assistance in SEC sub- region – priorities:
• Policy advice and institutions strengthening
• Country Programming Frameworks (CPF)
• FAO Regional Initiatives for AgriFood Trade and Market
Integration and Empowering Smallholders and Family Farms
• Address emerging issues (Climate change, nutrition,
mainstreaming gender etc.)
• Policy advice across technical areas (forestry, livestock etc.)
• Support the ECO Regional Food Security Programme jointly with
ECO Regional Coordination Centre,
• Disseminate FAO normative work and policy guidance
(e.g. Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance
of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests)
FAO Regional Strategic analysis - main global trends and
challenges relevant for the region:
• Trade Policy and Agriculture
• Elimination of rural poverty
and food insecurity by 2030
• Resilience of Agriculture to
Climate Change
• Economic inequality and regional disparities
• Migration, Rural livelihoods and entrepreneurship
• Sustainable food production and food systems
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Policy assistance and dialogue under FTPP-1, and
transition to FTPP-2/ FTFP – next steps
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Agricultural policy: one Focus Area of FTPP-ph. 2;
Assess policy work under FTPP –ph. 1 and follow-up;
Policy cohesion for cross-cutting issues;
Consolidate ECO-RCC project for ECO Regional Programme for
Food Security to support countries in its implementation;
Mapping of policy assistance and capacity building needs in
consultation with Countries for FTPP-2;
Support policy work and dialogue within technical areas (forestry,
fisheries, seed policy, livestock etc.) and at institutional level.
Regional situation analysis;
Develop strategic partnerships;
Linkages and synergies with FAO investment activities
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Section 5
INVESTMENT
Role of Investments in Agriculture and Rural
Development in Central Asia
Investments play a crucial role in addressing the most important issues in agriculture and
rural development including, eradicating hunger, reducing poverty, ensuring food security,
ensuring sustainable use of natural resources, increasing resilience to disasters.
Examples of priority sub-sectors include: crop and livestock production, irrigation, land and
water management, fisheries, value chains etc.
Sources of Funding for Development Projects
The main source for development and technical assistance projects remain donor funds (IFIs,
bilateral agencies, technical/development agencies, NGOs etc). IFIs represented by WB, ADB,
IFAD and others. Bilateral agencies include USAID, DFID, EU, SIDA, GIZ and others. NGOs
include Oxfam, Mission East and others. Technical/development agencies include UNDP,
FAO, JICA, SDC and others.
Resources include both loan and grant funds
Donor resources are limited and often ad-hoc and will not be there all the time. The
governments will have to eventually take responsibility and assume these expenses
Role of Investments in Agriculture and Rural
Development in Central Asia
•
Investments play a crucial role in addressing the most important issues in agriculture
and rural development including, eradicating hunger, reducing poverty, ensuring food
security, ensuring sustainable use of natural resources, increasing resilience to
disasters.
•
Examples of priority sub-sectors include: crop and livestock production, irrigation,
land and water management, fisheries, value chains etc.
Sources of Funding for Development Projects
•
The main source for development and technical assistance projects remain donor
funds (IFIs, bilateral agencies, technical/development agencies, NGOs etc). IFIs
represented by WB, ADB, IFAD and others. Bilateral agencies include USAID, DFID,
EU, SIDA, GIZ and others. NGOs include Oxfam, Mission East and others.
Technical/development agencies include UNDP, FAO, JICA, SDC and others.
•
Resources include both loan and grant funds
•
Donor resources are limited and often ad-hoc and will not be there all the time. The
governments will have to eventually take responsibility and assume these expenses
•
Due to budgetary constraints the share of government resources is often
limited to co-funding for projects, which is often in kind (beneficiaries
contribution, facilities, labour etc)
• However the national governments offer some support through access to
low interest loans (e.g. the Kyrgyz government subsidizes upto 10% of the
interest rates of loans extended by commercial banks to farmers.
Estimated that in 2015 the total amount of loans will exceed 4 billion KGS.
Likewise in Uzbekistan, farmers growing cotton and wheat have access to
low interest loans (3-4%) and subsidized inputs (fertilizer, fuel, seed etc)
and in exchange they sell their produce (or a share of it) at a fixed price)
Outstanding Challenges
• Agriculture and rural development requires a long-term and systematic
approach
• Agriculture development policies and strategies should be in place to
ensure all stakeholders are aware of the long term development objectives
and goals (e.g. an FTPP project is being designed to assist the government
of Uzbekistan to develop an Agriculture Development Strategy which
would ensure a more efficient use of investments)
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The respective policies and strategies shall be supported by adequate
resources to effectively implement those policies and strategies
Donor resources are limited and should be used efficiently in accordance with
the priorities outlined in policies and strategies
Attracting private sector investments is important in addressing specific
problems in agriculture like value adding (e.g. case of Nestle company
producing dairy products in Uzbekistan from milk collected in several regions of
Uzbekistan; case of Vimbildan company in Kyrgyzstan also producing dairy
products from milk collected in Chui oblast)
Respective policies and legislation should be analyzed and revised if necessary
to make the business environment more favorable for private sector
investments. (FAO/TCI could potentially tackle this area through TCP/FTPP
facilities provided that there is demand from the government side)
The availability of state budgetary resources for investments in agriculture will
remain limited unless there will be a significant economic growth which can
make additional funds available
Donor coordination should be ensured to avoid overlapping and duplications
(e.g. case of Tajikistan where DCC is in place and FAO is playing a leading role)
Section 6
LIVESTOCK AND PASTURE
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Animal Health and Production
Opportunities
•Existing structure from past, not from Zero:
•Universities, educated professionals, laboratories,
infrastructure
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waste pasture
Farming system
Access to information and best practices,
Russian Language
International assistance
However
However, actions required to
•Control TADs, and zoonotics diseases
•Update Policies/strategies
•Improve diagnostic capacities
•Install Animal Identification/traceability
•Update veterinary education
•Attract young generation in the proffesion
•Improve linkage between Gov. practitioners
and farmers and
•Focus on private vet. Services
Animal Production
•Decrease number & increase production
•Improve pasture,
•Renew feed concentrate production
•Control parasitic production diseases
•Improve small farms productivity
•Improve & expand AI services
•Support processing and marketing
•Facilitate private investment
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FAO’s Assistance
Disease diagnosis and control
Veterinary education,
Development of PVS
Improving animal breeding & farm managt.
Improving animal productivity
Animal identification and registration
Apiculture development
Policies and strategies for meeting farmers
needs and international requirements
Proposed assistance
• Strengthening technical capacities of the AHP
Sp.
• TAD control strengthening
• Phyto-sanitary improvement
• Strengthening of Private Veterinary Practice
• Improving animal productivity
• Apiculture productivity improvement – Focus
on poor women
Telefood project Kyrg.- support to widows with milking cows
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Milk Collection Centre Established in Kyrgyzstan
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Milk Collection Centre Established in Kyrgyzstan
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Artificial Insemination Training, Azerbaijan
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Artificial Insemination Training, Azerbaijan
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Artificial Insemination training, Azerbaijan
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Beekeeping training for women in Tajikistan
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Veterinary Training in Tajikistan
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Veterinary Training in Tajikistan
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Veterinary Training in Tajikistan
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Beekeeping training for women in Tajikistan
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Beekeeping training for women in Tajikistan
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Beekeeping training for women in Tajikistan
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Invitation to Knowledge Cafe
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