Models for the Production
System
8/24/04
Paul A. Jensen
Operations Research Models and Methods
Copyright 2004 - All rights reserved
What this course will do:






Provide an understanding of problems and
issues in manufacturing design
Build flow models embodying the
components of the manufacturing process
Use operations research tools to analyze
models and make decisions
Identify waste in the manufacturing process
Use models to quantify waste
Use models for decisions to alleviate waste
2
R1
The
production
system may
be very
complex
R2
R3
M1
M1
M1
M1
M1
M2
M1
M1
M3
M1
M1
M4
M5
M6
M7
M1
M1
M5
M1
M2
M3
M4
Of f ices
V
M1
M1
M6
Ope rations
M achine s
Re source s
Raw M ate rials
3
Many design issues arise for
the production system
Business Design
Schedule Design
Product Design
Distribution
Design
Service System
Design
Process Design
Machine
Design
Production
System
Design
Control System
Design
Facility Design
4
The process is described by
its operations
R1
R2
R3
R3
R2
R1
5
6
3
1
2
7
4
8
A
5
Alternative process designs
with the same operations
R3
R1
R2
5
R3
3
1
2
1
R2
3
Production Line
Parallel Processing
6
2
4
R1
5
7
4
6
7
8
8
6
The process model admits greater
detail
R1
R3
R2
11
5
1
12
6
2
Sequence/Volume of Demand
Operation/Process/
Machine
3
13
7
4
14
8
15
9
16
10
17
18
19
20
Transportation/
Facility Layout/
Material Handling
Inspection/
Quality Control
Delays/
Production Control/
System Design
Storage/
Inventory Control/
Production Control
7
Numerical parameters
describe components

Operation
O1

+
P1
+
(operation time, loss, M1)
Transportation
+

O1
M1
Material
Handling
(time, distance, cost)
Inspection
I1
Quality Control
(Standard Time, Proportion removed )
O1
8
Operations Involving Waiting

Delays
System Design
+ Production Control

(Mean Delay, Standard Deviation)
Storage
System Design
+ Inventory Control
(Safety Stock, Value, Turnover)
9
The models must describe
multiple products
Product A
R1
Product B
R1
R3
R2
Product C
4
1
1
5
2
2
6
3
3
A
4
R2
8
R3
4
1
2
9
5
3
A
10
7
6
VB
8
11
VA
7
A
12
13
VC
10
Our Goal:


Build models to answer significant
design questions
Use operations research tools to
provide assistance to decision makers
11
For Homework


Table manufacture problem
Identify some simple process


Construct an operations process chart
Give estimates of the important parameters
for each operation defined
12