CHEM 121
Chapter 3
1
3-minute review
Draw the Lewis Structures for each of the
following neutral atoms:
• Cs
• Na
• F
• Ar
2
Reactivity of Elements
Compounds form so each atom can have a
Ionic compound:
Covalent compound:
3
Ions: charged particles
• Metals
•
+
•
• Nonmetals
•
•
-
•
4
3-minute review
Predict whether these bonds in these molecules
are ionic or covalent
• Br2
• CaO
• MgCl2
• NO2
5
Ionic
Charge
Elements
1A
8A
2A
• Elements ordered by atomic number
• “Periodic” trends
• Periodic table by Mendeleev (1871)
3B
4B
5B
6B
7B
8B
1B
3A
4A
5A
6A
7A
2B
6
3-minute review
Predict the most common ion for each of these:
• O
• I
• S
• Mg
• Cs
• Al
• N
7
Electron Configurations
For ions:
1.
2.
Ex. O2Ex. Al3+
8
Common ions in the body
9
Ionic Compounds
Cation
+ Anion
+
Strontium and Iodine
Nitrogen and Cesium
10
3-minute review
Write the name for the compound that forms
between the following pairs of elements:
• Sodium and fluorine
• Bromine and calcium
• Sodium and sulfur
• Sulfur and magnesium
11
Ionic Compounds
•
•
•
12
Ionic Compounds
• Net ionic charge
• Examples:
• Potassium chloride
• Calcium bromide
• Magnesium sulfide
• Lithium oxide
13
3-minute review
Write the formula for the following compounds:
Sodium bromide
Magnesium chloride
Potassium sulfide
14
Metals that form more than one ion
• Usually in B groups (transition metals)
• Ex. Iron
chromium
copper
gold
iron
lead
tin
Cr2+
Cu+
Au+
Fe2+
Pb2+
Sn2+
Cr3+
Cu2+
Au3+
Fe3+
Pb4+
Sn4+
15
3-minute review
Write the name for AuN
Write the formula for the following compounds:
Copper (II) iodide
Chromium (III) sulfide
Lead (IV) oxide
16
Properties of Ionic Compounds
+
+
-
+
+
-
+
-
+
+
+
-
+
-
-
+
+
-
+
+
+
-
-
-
•
+
•
-
•
-
•
+
-
•
17
Polyatomic Ions
Monatomic Ions: ClPolyatomic ions:
Na+
Examples:
See Table 3.5 in your book
18
Polyatomic Ions
• Nitrate:
charge =
• Sulfate:
charge =
Examples:
19
3-minute review
Name the following:
• Al(OH)3
• NaNO3
• KNO2
• MgSO4
20