BIO 1406 EXAM 2. Fall 2004
1. All cell possess all the following components,
except:
a. cytoplasm
b. genetic material
c. nuclear membrane
d. plasma cell membrane
e. ribosomes
2. Proteins which act as catalysts of chemical
reactions [in cells] are called:
a. enzymes.
b. coenzymes.
c. reaction cofactors.
d. substrates.
e. reactants
3.Chlorophyll and carotenoids are found at the
a. reaction center of photosystem II
b. matrix of the mitochondria
c. center of the thylakoid
d. center of the Electron Transport Chain
e. none of the above.
4. A chemical reaction that releases energy is
known as a(an) __________ reaction.
a. exergonic.
b. coupled.
c. anabolic.
d. endergonic.
e. unfavored
5. A final product of a metabolic pathway inhibits
an early enzyme in the pathway. This is likely to
be an example of:
a. competitive inhibition.
b. feedback inhibition.
c. cooperativity.
d. energy coupling.
e. a second messenger.
6. The light-independent reactions…:
a. can only occur only in the dark
b. can occur independently of light, as long as
ATP and NADPH are available.
c. depend only on water and carbon dioxide
availability
d. follow a day/night cycle, regardless of actual
light
e. none of the above
7. Enzyme catalyzed reactions move forward
more readily than uncatalyzed reactions because:
a. their temperature increases.
NAME________________________
b. the DG has been decreased.
c. entropy has been increased.
d. the required activation energy has been
decreased.
e. entropy has been decreased.
8. The second law of thermodynamics states that
for chemical reactions:
a. entropy always increases.
b. entropy always decreases.
c. free energy always increases.
d. free energy always decreases.
e. anabolic reactions must always be paired with
catabolic reactions.
9. Ribosomes are the site of synthesis of
a. DNA.
b RNA.
c proteins.
d nucleoli.
e glucose
10. What is the difference between “free” and
“attached” ribosomes?
a. free ribosomes are in the cytoplasm while
attached ribosomes are in the endoplasmic
reticulum
b. free ribosomes produce proteins that are
exported from the cell while attached ribosomes
produce proteins for the cytoplasms
c. free ribosomes produce proteins that remain in
the cytoplasm while attached ribosomes produce
proteins for the mitochondria and chloroplasts.
d. a and b
e. a and c
11. The electron transport chain utilized to make
ATP during photosynthesis by plants is located in
the:
a. stroma.
b. thylakoid membrane.
c. inner chloroplast membrane.
d. outer chloroplast membrane.
e. plasma membrane.
12. Which is a difference between prokaryotes
and eukaryotes?
a. Prokaryotes have RNA, eukaryotes have DNA.
b. Prokaryotes have DNA, eukaryotes have RNA.
c. Prokaryotes have a nucleus, eukaryotes have a
nucleoid.
d. Prokaryotes have a nucleoid, eukaryotes have
a nucleus.
e. Prokaryotes have a cell wall, eukaryotes do
not.
d. sugar-storage molecules.
e. competitive inhibitors.
13. What primarily determines the shape of cells
that lack cell walls?
a. nucleus
b. cytoplasm
c. endoplasmic reticulum
d. cytoskeleton
e. ribosomes
20.
Through the development of ways to
reduce photorespiration, C4 plants have adapted
to:
a. low carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
b. arid climates.
c. ATP production at low proton gradients.
d. fix carbon as a 3 carbon acid.
e. carry out the light reaction in the dark.
14. Which of the following is part of the first law of
thermodynamics?
a. energy cannot be crated nor destroyed
b. kinetic energy is stored energy
c. energy cannot be transferred or transformed
d. exergonic reactions are coupled with
endergonic reactions
e. potential energy equals kinetic energy in a
reaction
15.
In the process of _______________
reactions, energy usually gets released.
a. endergonic
b. hypergonic
c. exoteric
d. exergonic
e. endotermic
16.The replacement electrons for the reaction
center of photosystem II come from
a. photosystem I
b. water
c. glucose
d. oxygen
e. NADPH
17.
Energy stored in ATP is located exactly:
a. in the bonds between phosphate groups
b. inside the phosphate group
c. in the free electron
d. attached to the nucleotide
e. between the sugar and the phosphate
18.
Light dependent reactions produce:
a. ATP, NADPH and Oxygen
b. ATP, NADPH and Carbon Dioxide
c. Glucose, ATP, Oxygen
d. Glucose, ATP, Carbon Dioxide
e. ATP, NADPH, Water
19.
NAD+ and NADP+ are examples of:
a. electron carriers.
b. oxidizing compounds.
c. photosynthetic pigments.
21.In normal C3 plants (no CAM),photorespiration
occurs:
a. at night.
b. during hot dry days.
c. as long as there is glucose available.
d. Answers (b) and (c) are both true.
e.
There is little or no photorespiration in C3
plants
22.
Active site is the term used to describe
the location where:
a. chemiosmosis occurs.
b. the dark reactions of photosynthesis occur.
c. water is split during photosynthesis.
d. chromosomes migrate along the microtubules
during mitosis.
e. substrates bind to enzymes and catalysis
occurs.
23. The 5 carbon sugar that captures (fixes)
carbon dioxide in C3 plants as the first step in the
Calvin cycle is:
a. PEP carboxylase.
b. glucose kinase.
c. pyruvate synthetase
d. CAM synthetase
e.RuBP
24.
A type of junction which seals cells
together to form a barrier to fluid movement
through a layer of cells [e.g. through the intestinal
epithelium] is called a:
A. plasmodesmata.
B. tight junction
C. hemidesmosome.
D. chiasma.
E. gap junction.
25.
Where does the O2 released during
photosynthesis come from?
a. CO2
b. H2O
c. ATP
d. C6H12O6
e. RuBP
26. The primary function of the light reactions of
photosynthesis is
a. to produce energy-rich glucose from carbon
dioxide and water.
b. to produce energy-rich ATP and NADPH.
c. to produce NADPH used in respiration.
d. to convert light energy to the chemical energy
of lipids.
e. to use the ATP to make glucose.
27. The energy of the movement of electrons
down a concentration gradient via electron
transport within the thylakoid membrane
generates
a. H2O.
b. CO2.
c. glucose.
d. O2.
e. ATP.
28. All of the following are part of the CalvinBenson cycle EXCEPT
a. carbon fixation.
b. synthesis of G3P.
c. generation of ATP.
d. regeneration of RuBP.
e. All of the above are part of the
cycle.
29. The vast majority of chloroplasts found in a
leaf are located where?
a. vascular bundles
b. cuticle
c. epidermis
d. stroma
e. mesophyll
30.The products of photosynthesis are
a. glucose and water.
b. carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
c. glucose and carbon dioxide.
d. carbon dioxide, chlorophyll, and oxygen.
e. glucose and oxygen.
31. The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis occurs in
the:
a. thylakoids.
b. grana.
c. cytoplasm.
d. chloroplast stroma.
e. mitochondrial matrix.
32. The eukaryotic organelle found in mammalian
cells which produces most of the energy for life is
the:
a.
chloroplast.
b.
lysosome.
c.
centriole.
d.
nucleolus.
e.
mitochondrion
33.Which of the following organelles contains
DNA?
a. chloroplasts
b. mitochondria
c. nucleus
d. nucleolus
e. All of the above organelles contain DNA.
34.After final modifications, secretory vesicles bud
from the:
a. nucleus.
b. lysosomes.
c. golgi apparatus
d. rough ER.
e. plasma membrane.
35.Endocytosis is an example of:
a. facilitated diffusion.
b. facilitated transport.
c. active transport.
d. bulk passage.
e. coupled transport.
36.The organelle where ribosomal RNAs are
made is the
a. nucleus.
b. lysosome.
c. golgi apparatus.
d. mitochondrion.
e. nucleolus.
37.The nucleoid is:
a. where chromosomes are found in
eukaryotes.
b. where the DNA is found in prokaryotic
cells.
c. where ribosomal RNAs are synthesized in
eukaryotes.
d. an ancient endosymbiont.
e. one of the very earliest life forms.
38.Photosynthesis occurs here.
a. golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. lysosomes
d. centrioles
e. chloroplasts
39.An organelle involved in processing proteins
destined for secretion.
a. golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. lysosomes
d. centrioles
e. chloroplasts
40.Where are many lipids synthesized by
membrane-bound enzymes?
a. golgi apparatus
b. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c. lysosomes
d. centrioles
e. chloroplasts
41.An example of organelles which are the result
of an ancient endosymbiont “captured” by an
early eukaryotic cell are the:
a. liposomes.
b. centrioles.
c. ribosome
d. nucleoli.
e. mitochondria.
42.The plasma membrane is composed of
[choose the best answer]:
a. fats.
b. a peptidoglycan layer.
c. a phospholipid bilayer.
d. carbohydrates related to cellulose.
e. All of the above are correct answers.
43.The control center of the cell is the
a. dyctiosome
b. nucleus
c. chloroplast
d. vacuole
e. endoplasmic reticulum
44.The main function of the rough endoplasmic
reticulum is:
a. synthesis and secretion of proteins
b. aid the nucleus in cell division
c. synthesis , secretion and storage of cell
membrane lipids
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
45.The organelles responsible for photosynthesis
are the
a. chromoplasts
b. chloroplasts
c. leucoplasts
d. xantophylls
e. mithocondria
46.The organelles responsible for cellular
respiration (producing ATP) are the:
a. chromoplasts
b. chloroplasts
c. leucoplasts
d. xantophylls
e. mithocondria
47.A molecule crosses the plasma membrane to
enter the cell. After study of this process it is
found to be specific, to saturate and not to work
against a concentration gradient (does not
concentrate). It most likely occurs by:
a. diffusion.
b. facilitated diffusion.
c. active transport.
d. pinocytosis.
e. receptor mediated endocytosis.
48.A solution outside a cell has a higher
concentration of dissolved solutes (e.g. salt) that
the cell itself. This solution is best described as
________ in comparison to the cell?
a. hyperosmotic
b. basic
c. isoosmotic
d. acidic
e. hypoosmotic