BIO 1406 EXAM 2. Spring 2005
NAME ______________________
1. All cells possess all the following
components, except:
a. cytoplasm
b. genetic material
c. nuclear membrane
d. plasma cell membrane
e. ribosomes
6. Enzyme catalyzed reactions move
forward more readily than uncatalyzed
reactions because:
a. their temperature increases.
b. the DG has been decreased.
c. entropy has been increased.
d. the required activation energy has
been decreased.
e. entropy has been decreased.
2. Proteins which act as catalysts of
chemical reactions [in cells] are called:
a. enzymes.
b. coenzymes.
c. reaction cofactors.
d. substrates.
e. reactants
3.Chlorophyll and carotenoids are found
at the
a. reaction center of photosystems
b. matrix of the mitochondria
c. center of the thylakoid
d. center of the Electron Transport
Chain
e. none of the above.
4. A chemical reaction that releases
energy is known as a(an) __________
reaction.
a. exergonic.
b. coupled.
c. anabolic.
d. endergonic.
e. unfavored
5. A final product of a metabolic pathway
inhibits an early enzyme in the pathway.
This is likely to be an example of:
a. competitive inhibition.
b. feedback inhibition.
c. cooperativity.
d. energy coupling.
e. a second messenger.
7. The second law of thermodynamics
states that for chemical reactions:
a. entropy always increases.
b. entropy always decreases.
c. free energy always increases.
d. free energy always decreases.
e. anabolic reactions must always be
paired with catabolic reactions.
8. Ribosomes are the site of synthesis of
a. DNA.
b RNA.
c proteins.
d nucleoli.
e glucose
9. The electron transport chain utilized to
make ATP during photosynthesis by
plants is located in the:
a. stroma.
b. thylakoid membrane.
c. inner chloroplast membrane.
d. outer chloroplast membrane.
e. plasma membrane.
10. Which is a difference between
prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
a. Prokaryotes have RNA, eukaryotes
have DNA.
b. Prokaryotes have DNA, eukaryotes
have RNA.
c. Prokaryotes have a nucleus,
eukaryotes have a nucleoid.
d. Prokaryotes have a nucleoid,
eukaryotes have a nucleus.
e. Prokaryotes have a cell wall,
eukaryotes do not.
c. in the free electron
d. attached to the nucleotide
e. between the sugar and the phosphate
11. What primarily determines the shape
of cells that lack cell walls?
a. nucleus
b. cytoplasm
c. endoplasmic reticulum
d. cytoskeleton
e. ribosomes
16. Light dependent reactions produce:
a. ATP, NADPH and Oxygen
b. ATP, NADPH and Carbon Dioxide
c. Glucose, ATP, Oxygen
d. Glucose, ATP, Carbon Dioxide
e. ATP, NADPH, Water
12. Which of the following is part of the
first law of thermodynamics?
a. energy cannot be crated nor destroyed
b. kinetic energy is stored energy
c. energy cannot be transferred or
transformed
d. exergonic reactions are coupled with
endergonic reactions
e. potential energy equals kinetic energy
in a reaction
13. In the process of ______________
reactions, energy usually gets released.
a. endergonic
b. hypergonic
c. exoteric
d. exergonic
e. endotermic
14. The replacement electrons for the
reaction center of photosystem II come
from
a. photosystem I
b. water
c. glucose
d. oxygen
e. NADPH
15. Energy stored in ATP is located
exactly:
a. in the bonds between phosphate
groups
b. inside the phosphate group
17. NAD+ and NADP+ are examples of:
a. electron carriers.
b. oxidizing compounds.
c. photosynthetic pigments.
d. sugar-storage molecules.
e. competitive inhibitors.
18. Through the development of ways to
reduce photorespiration, C4 plants have
adapted to:
a. low carbon dioxide levels in the
atmosphere.
b. arid climates.
c. ATP production at low proton
gradients.
d. fix carbon as a 3 carbon acid.
e. carry out the light reaction in the dark.
19. In normal C3 plants (no CAM),
photorespiration occurs:
a. at night.
b. during hot dry days.
c. during cold rainy days.
d. Answers (b) and (c) are both true.
e. There is little or no photorespiration in
C3 plants
20. Active site is the term used to
describe the location where:
a. chemiosmosis occurs.
b. the dark reactions of photosynthesis
occur.
c. water is split during photosynthesis.
d. chromosomes migrate along the
microtubules during mitosis.
e. substrates bind to enzymes and
catalysis occurs.
b.
c.
d.
e.
synthesis of G3P.
generation of ATP.
regeneration of RuBP.
All of the above are part of the
cycle.
21. The 5 carbon sugar that captures
(fixes) carbon dioxide in C3 plants as the
first step in the Calvin cycle is:
a. PEP carboxylase.
b. glucose kinase.
c. pyruvate synthetase
d. CAM synthetase
e. RuBP
26. The vast majority of chloroplasts
found in a leaf are located where?
a. vascular bundles
b. cuticle
c. epidermis
d. stroma
e. mesophyll
22. Where does the O2 released during
photosynthesis come from?
a. CO2
b. H2O
c. ATP
d. C6H12O6
e. RuBP
27.The products of photosynthesis are
a. glucose and water.
b. carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
c. glucose and carbon dioxide.
d. carbon dioxide, chlorophyll, and
oxygen.
e. glucose and oxygen.
23. The primary function of the light
reactions of photosynthesis is
a. to produce energy-rich glucose from
carbon dioxide and water.
b. to produce energy-rich ATP and
NADPH.
c. to produce NADPH used in respiration.
d. to convert light energy to the chemical
energy of lipids.
e. to use the ATP to make glucose.
28. The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis
occurs in the:
a. thylakoids.
b. grana.
c. cytoplasm.
d. chloroplast stroma.
e. mitochondrial matrix.
24. The energy of the movement of
electrons down a concentration gradient
via electron transport within the thylakoid
membrane generates
a. H2O.
b. CO2.
c. glucose.
d. O2.
e. ATP.
25. All of the following are part of the
Calvin (C3) cycle EXCEPT
a. carbon fixation.
29. The eukaryotic organelle found in
mammalian cells which produces most of
the energy for life is the:
a.
chloroplast.
b.
lysosome.
c.
centriole.
d.
nucleolus.
e.
mitochondrion
30. Which of the following organelles
contains DNA?
a. chloroplasts
b. mitochondria
c. nucleus
d. nucleolus
e. All of the above organelles contain
DNA.
31. After final modifications, secretory
vesicles bud from the:
a. nucleus.
b. lysosomes.
c. golgi apparatus
d. rough ER.
e. plasma membrane.
32. The organelle where ribosomal RNAs
are made is the
a. nucleus.
b. lysosome.
c. golgi apparatus.
d. mitochondrion.
e. nucleolus.
33.The nucleoid is:
a. where chromosomes are found in
eukaryotes.
b. where the DNA is found in
prokaryotic cells.
c. where ribosomal RNAs are
synthesized in eukaryotes.
d. an ancient endosymbiont.
e. one of the very earliest life forms.
34. Photosynthesis occurs here.
a. golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. lysosomes
d. centrioles
e. chloroplasts
35.An organelle involved in processing
proteins destined for secretion.
a. golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. lysosomes
d. centrioles
e. chloroplasts
36. Where are many lipids synthesized
by membrane-bound enzymes?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
golgi apparatus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
centrioles
chloroplasts
37. An example of organelles which are
the result of an ancient endosymbiont
“captured” by an early eukaryotic cell are
the:
a. liposomes.
b. centrioles.
c. ribosome
d. nucleoli.
e. mitochondria.
38. The plasma membrane is composed
of [choose the best answer]:
a. fats.
b. a peptidoglycan layer.
c. a phospholipid bilayer.
d. carbohydrates related to cellulose.
e. All of the above are correct
answers.
39. The control center of the cell is the
a. dyctiosome
b. nucleus
c. chloroplast
d. vacuole
e. endoplasmic reticulum
40.The main function of the rough
endoplasmic reticulum is:
a. synthesis and secretion of proteins
b. aid the nucleus in cell division
c. synthesis , secretion and storage
of cell membrane lipids
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
41.The organelles responsible for
digestion of food particles are the:
a. chromoplasts
b. chloroplasts
c. leucoplasts
d. lysosomes
e. mithocondria
42. In plants, the organelles responsible
for storage of starch, osmotic regulation,
and storage of some pigments are the:
the:
a. dyctiosomes
b. vacuoles
c. leucoplasts
d. xantophylls
e. mithocondria
43. The net yield of ATP from a glucose
molecule being metabolized through
glycolysis to pyruvate is ______
molecule(s).
a. 1
b. 2
c. 6
d. 36
e. 42
44. The main function of cell fermentation
is to:
a. produce oxygen
b. produce ATP in the absence of
oxygen
c. recycle the NADH to NAD+
produce pyruvate in the absence of
oxygen
e. produce 2 extra NADPH’s
45. What mechanisms can produce ATP?
a. Substrate level phosphorylation on ly
b. Substrate level phosphorylation and
fermentation
c. Substrate level phosphorylation and
chemiosmosis
d. chemiosmosis only
e. chemiosmosis and fermentation
46. Glycolysis occurs:
a. on the plasma membrane.
b. on the mitochondrial inner
membrane.
c. in the mitochondrial matrix.
d. in the mitochrondrial
intermembrane space.
e. in the cytoplasm.
47. In addition to ATP, glycolysis
produces:
a. GTP.
b. NADH.
c. lactate.
d. FADH2.
e. a proton gradient across the
membrane
48. ATP is synthesized by ATP synthase
in the cytoplasm by the process of:
a. chemiosmosis.
b. electron transport.
c. substrate level phosphorylation.
d. oxidative phosphorylation.
e. osmosis.
49.The final acceptor for the
mitochondrial electron transport chain is:
a. water.
b. oxygen.
c. NAD.
d. ATP.
e. ADP.
50. Using the image on the next page,
provide the right order of connections
between photosynthesis and cellular
respiration.
a. A: ATP B: O2 ; C H2O ;
D: sugar; E: CO2
b. A: H2O ; B: CO2 ; C: O2 ; D: ATP ; E: sugar
c. A: sugar; B: CO2 ; C: O2 ; D: H2O ; E: ATP
d. A: H2O ; B: CO2 ; C: ATP ; D: sugar; E: O2