BIOL . 1406 EXAM 2. Summer 2005
1. All cells possess all the following components, except:
a. cytoplasm
b. genetic material
c. nuclear membrane
d. plasma cell membrane
e. ribosomes
2. Proteins which act as catalysts of chemical reactions [in cells] are called:
a. enzymes.
b. coenzymes.
c. reaction cofactors.
d. substrates.
e. reactants
3.Chlorophyll a is found at the:
a. reaction center of photosystems
b. matrix of the mitochondria
c. center of the thylakoid
d. center of the Electron Transport Chain
e. none of the above.
4. A chemical reaction that absorbs or requires energy is known as a(an)
__________ reaction.
a. exergonic.
b. coupled.
c. anabolic.
d. endergonic.
e. unfavored
5. A final product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an early enzyme in the pathway.
This is likely to be an example of:
a. competitive inhibition.
b. feedback inhibition.
c. cooperativity.
d. energy coupling.
e. a second messenger.
NAME ______________________
6. Enzyme catalyzed reactions occur easier than uncatalyzed reactions because:
a. their temperature increases.
b. their active site is inhibited.
c. entropy has been increased.
d. the required activation energy has been decreased.
e. entropy has been decreased.
7. The second law of thermodynamics states that for chemical reactions:
a. entropy always increases.
b. entropy always decreases.
c. free energy always increases.
d. free energy always decreases.
e. anabolic reactions must always be paired with catabolic reactions.
8. Ribosomes are the site of synthesis of
a. DNA.
b RNA.
c proteins.
d nucleoli.
e glucose
9. The electron transport chain utilized to make ATP during photosynthesis by
plants is located in the:
a. stroma.
b. thylakoid membrane.
c. inner chloroplast membrane.
d. outer chloroplast membrane.
e. plasma membrane.
10. Which is a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
a. Prokaryotes have RNA, eukaryotes have DNA.
b. Prokaryotes have DNA, eukaryotes have RNA.
c. Prokaryotes have a nucleus, eukaryotes have a nucleoid.
d. Prokaryotes have a nucleoid, eukaryotes have a nucleus.
e. Prokaryotes have a cell wall, eukaryotes do not.
11. What primarily determines the shape of cells that lack cell walls?
a. nucleus
b. cytoplasm
c. endoplasmic reticulum
d. cytoskeleton
e. ribosomes
12. Which of the following is part of the first law of thermodynamics?
a. energy cannot be created nor destroyed
b. kinetic energy is stored energy
c. energy cannot be transferred or transformed
d. exergonic reactions are coupled with endergonic reactions
e. potential energy equals kinetic energy in a reaction
13. In the process of ______________ reactions, energy usually gets released.
a. endergonic
b. hypergonic
c. exoteric
d. exergonic
e. excentric
14. The replacement electrons for the reaction center of photosystem II come from
a. photosystem I
b. water
c. glucose
d. oxygen
e. NADPH
15. Energy stored in ATP is located exactly:
a. in the bonds between phosphate groups
b. between the A and the T
c. in the free electron
d. attached to the nucleotide
e. between the sugar and the phosphate
16. Light dependent reactions produce:
a. ATP only
b. NADPH only
c. carbon dioxide and Glucose,
d. NADP+ and Carbon Dioxide
e. ATP and NADPH
17. NAD+ and NADP+ are examples of:
a. electron carriers.
b. oxidizing compounds.
c. photosynthetic pigments.
d. sugar-storage molecules.
e. competitive inhibitors.
18. Through the development of ways to reduce photorespiration, C4 plants have
adapted to:
a. low carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
b. arid climates.
c. ATP production at low proton gradients.
d. fix carbon as a 3 carbon acid.
e. carry out the light reaction in the dark.
19. In plants with no adaptation to arid climates, Photorespiration occurs:
a. at night.
b. during hot dry days.
c. during cold rainy days.
d. during humid nights.
e. during ice storms.
20. Active site is the term used to describe the location where:
a. chemiosmosis occurs.
b. the dark reactions of photosynthesis occur.
c. water is split during photosynthesis.
d. chromosomes migrate along the microtubules during mitosis.
e. substrates bind to enzymes.
21. The 5 carbon sugar that captures (fixes) carbon dioxide in C3 plants as the first
step in the Calvin cycle is:
a. PEP carboxylase.
b. glucose kinase.
c. pyruvate synthetase
d. CAM synthetase
e. RuBP
22. Where does the O2 released during photosynthesis come from?
a. CO2
b. H2O
c. ATP
d. C6H12O6
e. RuBP
23. The function of the light independent reactions of photosynthesis is
a. to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and Oxygen.
b. to produce energy-rich ATP and NADPH.
c. to produce NADPH used in respiration.
d. to convert light energy to the chemical energy of lipids.
e. to use ATP, NADPH, and carbon dioxide to make glucose.
24. The energy of the movement of electrons through an enzyme down a
concentration gradient across the thylakoid membrane generates
H2O.
CO2.
glucose.
O2.
ATP.
25. All of the following are part of the Calvin (C3) cycle EXCEPT
carbon fixation.
synthesis of G3P.
generation of ATP.
regeneration of RuBP.
All of the above are part of the cycle.
26. The vast majority of chloroplasts found in a leaf are located where?
vascular bundles
cuticle
epidermis
stroma
mesophyll
27.The Calvin Cycle captures:
glucose and water.
carbon dioxide .
glucose and carbon dioxide.
carbon dioxide, chlorophyll, and oxygen.
glucose and oxygen.
28. The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis (light independent reactions) occurs in the:
thylakoids.
grana.
cytoplasm.
chloroplast stroma.
mitochondrial matrix.
29. The eukaryotic organelle found in mammalian cells which produces most of the
energy for life is the:
chloroplast.
lysosome.
centriole.
nucleolus.
mitochondrion
30. Which of the following organelles contains DNA?
chloroplasts
mitochondria
nucleus
nucleolus
All of the above organelles contain DNA.
31. After final modifications, secretory vesicles bud from the:
nucleus.
lysosomes.
golgi apparatus
rough ER.
chloroplasts.
32. The organelle where ribosomal RNAs are made is the
nucleus.
lysosome.
golgi apparatus.
mitochondrion.
nucleolus.
33.Prokaryotic cells may contain all of the following, except:
ribosomes
DNA
Flagellum
Golgi
They contain all of the above.
34. The following define a Golgi apparatus, EXCEPT:
Synthesis of lipids
Flattened sacs of membrane
“Post office” of the cell
synthesizes polysacharides
none of the above
35.An organelle involved in detoxification caused by drugs is:
golgi apparatus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
centrioles
chloroplasts
36. Where are many lipids synthesized?
golgi apparatus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
centrioles
chloroplasts
37. An example of organelles which are the result of an ancient endosymbiont
“captured” by an early eukaryotic cell are the:
liposomes.
chlorophyll.
ribosome
nucleoli.
mitochondria.
38. The plasma membrane is composed of [choose the best answer]:
fats.
a peptidoglycan layer.
a phospholipid bilayer.
carbohydrates related to cellulose.
All of the above are correct answers.
39. The control center of the cell is the
dyctiosome
nucleus
chloroplast
vacuole
endoplasmic reticulum
40.The main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is:
synthesis of proteins
aid the nucleus in cell division
synthesis , secretion and storage of cell membrane lipids
all of the above
none of the above
41.The organelles responsible for digestion of food particles are the:
chromoplasts
chloroplasts
leucoplasts
lysosomes
mithocondria
42. In plants, the organelles responsible for storage of starch, osmotic regulation,
and storage of some pigments are the: the:
dyctiosomes
vacuoles
leucoplasts
xantophylls
mithocondria
43. Besides ATP, glycolysis also produces:
GTP.
NADH.
lactate.
FADH2.
a proton gradient across the membrane
44. What is the end product of glycolysis?
a. water
b. sugar
c. Pyruvate
d. acetate
e. Acetyl CoA
45. After fermentation, Pyruvate can either be transformed into _________ or
___________.
a. sugar, carbon dioxide
b. carbon dioxide, water
c. lactate, alcohol
d. water, alcohol
e. sugar, water
46. The main products of the Krebs cycle are
a. ATP and FADH2
b. Carbon dioxide and NADH2
c. Acetyl-CoA
d. All of the above
e. A and B
47. Oxygen drives cellular respiration and ends up in ________.
b. sugar
c. water
d. A and B
e. Phosphate
48. During glycolysis, _____ ATPs are used for glucose activation and _____ are
produced during energy harvest.
a. 4, 2.
b. 2, 6.
c. 6, 2
d. 2, 4
e. 2, 34
49. During electron transport chain, H+ protons follow electrons and get into the
____________, where they accumulate.
a. Matrix
b. Intermembrane compartment
c. Cytoplasm
d. Outer membrane
e. thylakoid
50.ATP is synthesized by the process of __________________during glycolysis,
and by the process of ___________________ during the electron transport chain.
a.chemiosmosis, redox.
Substrate level phosphorylation, fermentation.
Chemiosmosis, substrate level phosphorylation.
Substrate level phosphorylation, chemiosmosis.
Oxidative phosphorylation, endocytosis.
II. Labeling. Use the names at the bottom of the page to fill in the blanks in the following
illustration of a membrane.
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3._____________________
4. _____________
5. ______________
7. ____________________
6. __________________
51. Water
A.
B.
52. Oxygen
A.
B.
53. Fermentation
A. B.
54.Glycolysis
A.
B.
55. Active Site
A.
B.
56. Allosteric site
A.
B.
57. cristae _____
58. Stroma _______
59. thylakoid ______
60. matrix _____
61. Golgi ______
62. nucleolus _______
63. vacuole _________