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WORTH 100 POINTS.
Temple College
Government 2302 - Fall, 2000
Exam #1
Version B
PART I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. INSTRUCTIONS:
Answer each of the
following multiple choice questions by marking the letter on your scan-tron form that
corresponds to the BEST response. 63 items/1.58 points each/100 points total.
1. According to the Dye text, the tendency of most of us as American citizens, most of
the time, to obey laws out of habit is referred to as
a. habit of practice. b. enforcement compliance. c. habit of compliance.
d. compliant practice.
2. The process that determines “who gets what, when, and how” is known as
a. decision-making. b. political science. c. politics. d. paternalism.
3. Harold Laswell’s definition in question #2 implies that
a. people are in conflict over valued things in society.
b. societies have a set of procedures to resolve the question of “who gets what,
when, and how.”
c. individuals are anti-social.
d. both a and b.
4. Which of the following defines politics?
a. “who gets what, when, and how”
b. “the authoritative allocation of valued things”
c. “the competitive process engaged in a society to allocate scarce resources and
determine priorities”
d. All of the above are definitions of politics.
5. Government refers to
a. any group of people involved in politics.
b. the structured arrangements which produce decisions resolving conflict.
c. only a predetermined set of countries that recognize each other as having legal
power.
d. any person or group of persons who have power but who respect the right of all
people to be free.
6. A primary reason that citizens obey laws is that people believe that government
a. has a monopoly on law-making.
b. only passes laws that are acceptable to the majority.
c. has legitimate authority to make the laws.
d. always protects the minority viewpoint.
7. Decisions which are authoritative are those
a. which can be backed up by legitimate power.
b. that are made with the approval of a majority of the public.
c. which can be repealed in a referendum.
d. that are made by a small percentage of society.
8. A(n) __________ government exists when citizens generally recognize the decisions
it makes and the policies it carries out; a(n) _______________ government exists
when it coerces or forces citizens to comply with policy mandates and/or does not
take citizen preferences into account when making policy decisions.
a. authoritarian; dictatorship
b. authoritative; illegitimate
c. authoritative; authoritarian
d. legitimate; illegitimate
9. In class, we introduced a public policy classification scheme. Which of the following
questions must be answered in order to classify a policy under this scheme?
1. Who is the primary target group?
2. Why is government implementing the policy?
3. What are the goals of the policy?
4. What is the activity of government with respect to the primary target group [what
is government doing to or for the primary target group]?
5. Who are the secondary target groups?
a. 1, 3, and 5 b. 1, 2, and 4 c. 2 and 4 d. 1 and 4
10. Under the policy classification scheme introduced in class, which of the following is
NOT one of the five activities that government can undertake with respect to a
primary target group?
a. give
b. take
c. symbolize
d. lie
11. Suppose a city council passed an ordinance in 1990 which prohibits individuals and
businesses from posting signs (i.e., garage sale signs, small business advertising)
on right-of-ways, intersections, street lights, telephone poles, city property, etc.
Because Code Enforcement (the city department responsible for enforcement of the
ordinance) does not have enough manpower, it has not issued a single citation for
violation of the ordinance in ten years. Consequently, these signs are pervasive
around the city. What important principle of public policy does this example
illustrate?
a. Public policies NEVER work.
b. City governments have little authority to make public policy decisions.
c. Public policies consist of decisions AND action - the action of government
determines the content of public policy.
d. Public policies are what government intends to do.
12. In which class or type of public policy does government set standards for behavior,
inspect for compliance with the standards, and punish for non-compliance?
a. symbolic b. regulatory c. redistributive d. internal organization/management
13. A city council bans smoking in all public places in the city. Fines are levied against
violators. The primary target group in this policy scenario is
a. the city council. b. non-smokers. c. tobacco companies. d. none of these.
14. The policy action described in #13 would best be classified as
a. symbolic. b. regulatory. c. resource extractive. d. internal organization.
15. A city council passes and the police enforce an ordinance imposing fines on the
parents of minor children who are “on the streets” past a 1:00 a.m. curfew. This is
an example of which class of policy?
a. resource allocative b. symbolic c. regulatory d. resource extractive
16. Which of the following best illustrates implementation?
a. The president gives a speech calling for welfare reform.
b. The Supreme Court upholds a city fire department’s affirmative action program.
c. The Pentagon proposes new procedures for making defense-related purchases.
d. The Occupational Safety And Health Administration (OSHA) inspects a plastics
factory looking for levels of vinyl chloride in excess of federal standards.
17. The stage of the policy-making process that involves “choosing an official course of
action from among alternative policy strategies” is
a. implementation. b. designation. c. adoption. d. formulation.
18. In which stage of the policy-making process are problem identification (perception)
and priority-setting important activities?
a. agenda-setting b. designation c. adoption d. formulation
19. Which stage of the policy-making process exclusively involves governmental
actors?
a. agenda-setting
b. designation
c. adoption
d. formulation
20. Which of the following sets of stages in the policy-making process is listed in the
correct logical order?
a. evaluation, adoption, implementation, formulation, designation
b. formulation, adoption, designation, implementation, evaluation
c. agenda-setting, adoption, designation, implementation, evaluation
d. agenda-setting, formulation, adoption, implementation, evaluation
21. A medical doctor writes an editorial article calling for swifter approval of AIDS drugs
by the Food and Drug Administration. This is an example of which stage of the
policy-making process?
a. implementation. b. designation. c. adoption. d. evaluation.
22. The United States Congress passes, and the president signs, a bill forbidding
Medicaid funds from being used to finance abortions for poor women. This is an
example of which stage of the policy-making process?
a. evaluation
b. adoption
c. implementation
d. designation
23. The board of a Texas school district votes on a proposal to include a course on
moral values in the high school curriculum. This is an example of which stage of the
policy-making process?
a. implementation. b. designation. c. adoption. d. formulation.
24. The U.S. Supreme Court strikes down a law school’s affirmative action admissions
program as unconstitutional. This is an example of which stage of the policy-making
process?
a. implementation. b. designation. c. agenda-setting. d. evaluation.
25. A city health director designs an educational program to inform teenagers about the
dangers of “unprotected sex.” The city council must vote next week whether to fund
the program. This is an example of which stage of the policy-making process?
a. implementation. b. formulation. c. adoption. d. evaluation.
26. Inmates in the Texas Department of Corrections file a class action lawsuit in state
district court in an attempt to force the state to deal with the issue of prison overcrowding. This is an example of which stage of the policy-making process?
a. agenda-setting b. implementation c. adoption d. formulation
27. A president gives a speech in which he claims that violent juvenile crime is out of
control and the government needs to respond with decisive action. This is an
example of which stage of the policy-making process?
a. implementation. b. agenda-setting. c. adoption. d. evaluation.
28. A city council bans smoking in all public places in the city. Fines are levied against
violators. The primary target group in this policy scenario is
a. the city council. b. non-smokers. c. tobacco companies. d. none of these.
29. The policy action described in #28 would best be classified as
a. symbolic. b. regulatory. c. resource extractive. d. internal organization.
30. The results of a vote by a city council require that benefits under the city’s health
plan be extended to the “live-in” (unmarried) partners of city employees, irrespective
of sexual orientation. This is an example of which stage of the policy-making
process?
a. agenda-setting b. adoption c. implementation d. designation
31. Under state law in Texas, voters may elect to establish special district governments
called Crime Control and Prevention Districts to distribute sales tax revenues to
municipal governments for the purposes of implementing law enforcement
programs. In March 1995, voters in the City of Fort Worth established the first such
district in the state. In October 1995, the Fort Worth Crime Control and Prevention
District began funding anti-crime programs to be implemented by the City of Fort
Worth Police Department. This is an example of which type or class of public
policy? [HINT: the policy action in this case is the distribution of sales tax revenues
from the Crime Control District to the Fort Worth Police Department.]
a. resource allocative
b. resource extractive
c. regulatory
d. internal organization and management
32. Assume that the inmates mentioned in question #27 win their lawsuit and the District
Court orders the Department of Corrections to take action to relieve over-crowded
conditions. Assume also that the Department of Corrections complies with the court
mandate. This is an example of which type or class of public policy?
a. resource allocative
b. resource extractive
c. regulatory
d. internal organization and management
33. The Federal Trade Commission enforces the standards of the Fair Credit Reporting
Act of 1968. This legislation requires finance companies, retail stores, nonfederal
credit unions, and other creditors to inform consumers on the costs of buying on
credit, including total charges and the rate of interest on unpaid balances. This is an
example of which type or class of public policy?
a. resource allocative
b. resource extractive
c. regulatory
d. internal organization and management
34. The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that shrimpers operating in U.S. waters
install “turtle-excluder devices” [TEDs] on their nets to reduce the number of sea
turtles that are inadvertently killed in shrimp harvests. The Coast Guard randomly
inspects shrimping boats and may impose fines on or impound the vessels of
shrimpers who are not in compliance. This is an example of which type or class of
public policy?
a. resource allocative
b. resource extractive
c. regulatory
d. internal organization and management
35. The United States denies the People’s Republic of China most favored nation
trading status as a result of China’s alleged human rights violations. This is an
example of which class of policy?
a. resource extractive b. symbolic c. regulatory d. resource extractive
36. Under state law in Texas, voters may elect to establish special district governments
called Crime Control and Prevention Districts to distribute sales tax revenues to
municipal governments for the purposes of implementing law enforcement
programs. In March 1995, voters in the City of Fort Worth established the first such
district in the state. In October 1995, the Fort Worth Crime Control and Prevention
District began funding anti-crime programs to be implemented by the City of Fort
Worth Police Department. This is an example of which type or class of public
policy? [HINT: the policy action in this case is the distribution of sales tax revenues
from the Crime Control District to the Fort Worth Police Department.]
a. resource allocative
b. resource extractive
c. regulatory
d. internal organization and management
37. The City Health Department inspects a local restaurant and finds “slime in the ice
machine,” inadequate refrigeration for perishable foods, and roach and rodent
droppings on cabinet shelves, the floor, and food containers. This is the third round
of violations for this restaurant. The Health Department closes down the
establishment until standards are met. This is an example of which type or class of
public policy?
a. resource allocative
b. resource extractive
c. regulatory
d. internal organization and management
38. Once every ten years (subsequent to the decennial census), the 450 seats in the
United States House of Representatives are reapportioned to reflect population
shifts. Legislatures in each of the 50 states redraw congressional district lines
(within their states) so that each district contains (roughly) the same number of
people. As a result of the 1990 census, the number of representatives allotted to
Texas increased from 28 to 30. The Texas legislature last redrew district lines in
1991 to account for this change. Redrawing congressional district lines by state
legislatures is an example of which type or class of public policy?
a. resource allocative
b. resource extractive
c. regulatory
d. internal organization and management
39. In 1964, Congress passed the Employment Opportunity Act that established the Job
Corps. This program provides intensive vocational training and basic education to
youths from 14 to 21 years of age who are poor, out of school, and out of work. This
is an example of which type or class of public policy?
a. resource allocative
b. resource extractive
c. regulatory
d. internal organization and management
40. The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that shrimpers operating in U.S. waters
install “turtle-excluder devices” [TEDs] on their nets to reduce the number of sea
turtles that are inadvertently killed in shrimp harvests. The Coast Guard randomly
inspects shrimping boats and may impose fines on or impound the vessels of
shrimpers who are not in compliance. This is an example of which type or class of
public policy?
a. resource allocative
b. resource extractive
c. regulatory
d. internal organization and management
41. Which of the following views regulatory policies as a means to control the
“consequences” of conduct, rather than defining the proscribed conduct itself as
morally good or bad?
a. the mainstream b. the radical left c. the radical right d. the radical center
42. Which of the following is true of the radical left’s orientation toward regulatory
policies?
a. The radical left tends to be oblivious to the costs that regulatory policies place on
businesses.
b. The radical left tends to favor a “carrot” approach rather than a “stick” approach
when attempting to get business to conform to regulatory standards.
c. The radical left views prostitution and the use of narcotics as “victimless crimes”
and therefore behaviors not subject to governmental regulation.
d. All of these statements are true of the radical left’s orientation toward regulatory
policies.
43. Which of the following views progressive taxation as a way to correct the excesses
(unfairness) of capitalism?
a. the mainstream b. the radical left c. the radical right d. the radical center
**********
44. According to the Dye text, the idea that government originates as an implied contract
among individuals who agree to obey laws in exchange for protection of their rights
is known as the
a. social design. b. social contract. c. inherent contract. d. government contract.
45. According to the Dye text, which of the following ideals is NOT in a list of democratic
ideals?
a. recognition of the dignity of every individual
b. majority rule while disallowing minority input
c. equal protection of the laws for every individual
d. opportunity for everyone to participate in public decisions
46. According to the Dye text, balancing the principle of majority rule against the
principle of individual liberty is known as
a. the paradox of democracy.
b. a paradox of government.
c. a dilemma of great magnitude.
d. an episode of democratic crisis.
47. The non-violent violation of laws that people believe to be unjust is known as
a. violent disobedience.
b. civil disobedience.
c. criminal disobedience.
d. civil compliance.
48. One objective of the type of activity suggested by question #47 is to
a. reveal the corruption within a local police force.
b. Address the support of locally elected officials.
c. Bankrupt an oppressive government.
d. Stir the conscience of an apathetic majority.
49. The pessimistic view of human nature and life without government (in a state of
nature) is “nasty, brutish, and short” is most closely associated with
a. Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
b. John Rawls.
c. Thomas Hobbes.
d. Thomas Jefferson.
50. Which of the following political philosophers had the greatest single influence on the
principles expressed in the Declaration of Independence by the founders of the
American republic?
a. Thomas Hobbes
b. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
c. Thomas Aquinas
d. John Locke.
51. The notion that everyone starts and finishes the race together, regardless of ability,
talent, initiative, or work effort, is known as
a. equality of opportunity.
b. True political equality.
c. Equality of results.
d. The “origins of inequality.”
52. The framers of the U.S. Constitution embraced the principle that a government
should itself be restrained by law. This is known as the principle of
a. ineffective government.
b. Confederal government.
c. Popular government
d. Limited government.
53. One of the major problems of the Articles of Confederation was that Congress had
no power to
a. tax the people directly.
b. send envoys to foreign countries.
c. engage in diplomacy.
d. requisition materials and revenues from the states.
54. Most Americans in the early national period believed that the liberties of individuals
and restraints on governmental powers should be set forth in
a. a declaration of principles.
b. Judicial decisions.
c. Legislative actions.
d. Constitutions.
55. Implicit in the theory of the social contract (as understood by the American founders)
is the belief that
a. governmental processes should be open to public scrutiny.
b. There should be strict separation of church and state.
c. There should be an elite governing body to guide the uneducated masses.
d. Governmental powers and restrictions on the individual should be kept to a
minimum.
56. Which American document is identified as the “supreme law of the land”?
a. the Declaration of Independence
b. the Articles of Confederation
c. the Mayflower Compact
d. the Constitution
57. The event that galvanized property owners more than any other to support the
creation of a strong central government capable of dealing with democratic “mob
rule” was
a. the Whiskey Rebellion.
b. The Charter Oak Affair.
c. The Colonial Indian Uprising.
d. Shays’ Rebellion.
58. The plan introduced at the Convention favoring large states that proposed a two
chamber Congress with the lower house chosen by the people with representation
based on population
a. the New York Plan.
b. The Virginia Plan.
c. The New Jersey Plan.
d. The Connecticut Compromise.
59. The proposal that established two chambers of Congress, a Senate with two
members from each state and a House of Representatives with members
representing population was known as
a. the New York Plan.
b. The Virginia Plan.
c. The New Jersey Plan.
d. The Connecticut Compromise.
60. On which principle did the framers of the Constitution fundamentally agree?
a. that the states should form regional alliances
b. the protection of individual liberty and property
c. creation of a national judiciary
d. recognition of the Constitution as the “supreme law of the land”
61. On which principle did the framers rest their belief in the legitimacy of government?
a. the epistle of the apostle Paul to the Romans, Chapter 13
b. Paine’s view that the social contract is an agreement among individuals in
society
c. Rousseau’s view of the origins of property
d. Locke’s notion of the consent of the governed
62. The forces that opposed the creation of a strong national government were called
a. Radicals.
b. Federal Extremists.
c. Federalists.
d. Anti-Federalists.
63. The Bill of Rights was originally designed to limit the powers of the
a. rebellious southern states.
b. New national government.
c. The government of the Northwest Territory.
d. The slave states.