Temple College
Government 2302
Spring 2001
Exam #2 -- A
PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST BOOKLET UNLESS OTHERWISE
INSTRUCTED! IMPORTANT: MAKE ALL ERASURES COMPLETELY - IT IS YOUR
RESPONSIBILITY TO CLEARLY INDICATE YOUR CHOSEN ANSWER. RESPONSES
THAT ARE NOT COMPLETELY ERASED WILL BE COUNTED AS INCORRECT. BE
SURE TO WRITE YOUR NAME ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET!! INDICATE THE
VERSION OF THE EXAM (A or B) YOU ARE TAKING. THIS EXAM IS WORTH 100
POINTS.
PART I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. INSTRUCTIONS:
Answer each of the
following multiple choice questions by marking the letter on your answer sheet that
corresponds to the BEST response. 55 questions.
1. Which of the following statements would BEST characterize Americans' expectations
regarding presidential leadership?
a. Americans are generally undemanding of presidential leadership.
b. Americans have unrealistically high expectations of their presidents.
c. Americans are so thoroughly disgusted with presidential lying and corruption that
they seem to have no expectations whatsoever of presidential leadership.
d. The expectations of Americans are generally consistent with the reality of
presidential power.
2. According to the Dye text, public approval of the president is closely linked to the
nation’s
a. recognition and acceptance throughout the world.
b. economic health.
c. volume of international trade.
d. military forces.
3. According to the Dye text, rather than commanding the executive branch of
government, the president
a. stands at its center trying to persuade.
b. serves as its public relations person.
c. more closely resembles a traffic cop.
d. acts as the chief complaint-taker.
4. If you subscribed to the literalist theory of presidential power you would believe that
the president has
a. inherent powers. b. inherent and statutory powers. c. only express powers.
d. no powers.
5. The president's role as a leader in the legislative process
a. became almost non-existent with the presidency of Franklin Roosevelt.
b. was at its height at the end of the 19th century.
c. is largely a phenomenon that has occurred since the Great Depression.
d. is prescribed by the Constitution; therefore, his degree of influence never
changes.
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6. Which of the following powers are explicitly delegated to the president by the
Constitution?
1. to be commander-in-chief 2. to act as manager of the economy
3. to be domestic crisis manager 4. to be chief foreign policy maker
5. to appoint the Speaker of the House of Representatives
a. 1, 2, and 3 b. 1, 2, 3, and 4 c. all of these d. 1 only
7. The personal political skill of the president
a. has little bearing on public perceptions of his leadership ability.
b. is far less important than the constitutional powers of the president.
c. is a primary source of presidential power.
d. really does not vary much from one president to another.
8. A president who comes to Washington with a clear set of predetermined goals, who
pursues those goals unbendingly, and who refuses to engage in political
compromise with other leaders (e.g., those in Congress) will probably
a. be seen as a strong and successful president.
b. be unsuccessful at cultivating strong working relationships with important
constituencies such as Congress and the news media.
c. over-power all political resistance.
d. be impeached.
9. The BEST example of the type of president described in the previous question is
a. Ronald Reagan. b. Lyndon Johnson. c. Jimmy Carter. d. Franklin Roosevelt.
10. Which of the following accurately describe the reality of presidential power?
1. unlimited 2. personal 3. negative 4. episodic 5. mythical
a. 1 and 4 b. 1 and 5 c. 1, 2, and 3
d. 2, 3, and 4
11. Which term indicates that the president does NOT have the power to continuously
control or manage the legislative process?
a. limited b. episodic c. micromanage d. negative
12. In contrast to the powers given to the president by the Constitution, the powers
constitutionally granted to Congress are described in terms that are more
a. detailed. b. moral. c. discretionary. d. general.
13. According to the Dye text, the president’s authority over the executive branch is
constitutionally very
a. specific.
b. vague.
c. dynamic.
d. static.
14. According to the Dye text, the early months of a president’s term in which his
popularity with the public is generally high is known as the
a. probationary period.
b. learning curve.
c. infancy period.
d. honeymoon period.
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15. According to the videotaped program “The Power Game,“ which of the following
“games” is NOT one of the games a president must master to be a successful
leader?
a. the Agenda Game.
b. the Coalition Game.
c. the Persuasion Game.
d. the Image Game.
16. According to the videotaped program “The Power Game, “ which of the following
“games” requires a president to identify two or three major issues and convince
Congress to devote its legislative energies to resolving dealing with these before
taking on other problems?
a. the Agenda Game
b. the Coalition Game
c. the Persuasion Game
d. the Image Game
17. According to the Dye text, the treatment of all persons within a bureaucracy on the
basis of “merit” and of all “clients” served by the bureaucracy equally according to
rule is
a. division of labor.
b. goal orientation.
c. specification of authority.
d. impersonality.
18. According to the Dye text, because Congress and the president often pass vague
and ambiguous laws, bureaucracies must then give practical meaning to these
content-devoid measures by
a. developing specific rules and regulations.
b. depending on the U.S. Supreme Court for interpretation.
c. offering public hearings for congressional input.
d. delivering concerns to the White House Office.
19. According to the Dye text, the development by federal bureaucracies of formal rules
for implementing legislation is
a. implementation.
b. regulation.
c. interpretation.
d. adjudication.
20. According to Max Weber, a bureaucracy should
a. set up regulations that prevent the average person from quickly understanding the
purpose of the rule.
b. prevent specialization for it only leads to delay in policy implementation.
c. only exist within a democratic form of government.
d. be an apolitical organization.
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21. According to the Dye text, decision-making by federal bureaucracies as to whether
or not an individual or organization has complied with or violated government laws
and (or) regulations is called
a. implementation.
b. regulation.
c. interpretation.
d. adjudication.
22. According to the Dye text, rule-making resembles the ___________ while
adjudication resembles the ___________ process.
a. legislative; implementation.
b. implementation; judicial.
c. legislative; judicial.
d. judicial; legislative.
23. According to the Dye text, the directors or administrators of independent agencies
are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate, but
a. they have no fixed term of office and can be dismissed by the president.
b. private industry decides their terms of office and their salaries.
c. Congress determines their terms of office and their job descriptions.
d. special interest groups influence the president’s choice and the length of the
director’s terms of office.
24. According to the Dye text, government corporations are created by Congress to
a. raise funds to help defray the national debt.
b. undertake independent commercial enterprises.
c. make government operations run more smoothly.
d. eliminate the “middle-man” expense of delivering services.
25. According to the Dye text, the selection of employees for government agencies on
the basis of competence, with no consideration given to an individual’s political
stance and/or power, is the
a. merit system.
b. spoils system.
c. supply and demand system.
d. contractual system.
26. According to the Dye text, an act of Congress that establishes a government
program and defines the amount of money it may spend is called
a. budget resolution.
b. authorization.
c. appropriations act.
d. outlays.
27. According to the Dye text, a congressional bill that provides money for programs
established by Congress is a(n)
a. budget resolution.
b. authorization.
c. appropriations act.
d. outlay.
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28. According to the Dye text, the Office of Management and Budget has the key
responsibility for
a. managing the president’s budgetary allotments.
b. budget preparation.
c. overseeing the budgets of all the bureaucratic agencies.
d. paying the bills for the Executive Office.
29. Which of the following is among the reasons discussed in class for the rapid growth
in bureaucracies during the late 1880s, the 1930s, and the 1960s?
1. advances in science and technology
2. the perceived need for regulation of business activities
3. increased government responsibilities in providing income security
4. the American cultural belief in progress (technology fix)
5. bureaucratic imperialism
a. all of these b. 1 and 3 c. 1, 2, and 4 d. 2, 3, and 5
30. Presidential attempts to significantly affect the structure and operation of federal
bureaucracies have
a. been very successful.
b. been a result of hard work and are beginning to pay off.
c. been almost completely unsuccessful.
d. had significant when Congress has been controlled by Republicans.
31. One of the most important differences between private corporations and public
bureaucracies is that the latter are
a. much larger.
b. much more labor intensive.
c. not organized to make a profit.
d. subject to change much more frequently.
32. According to the Dye text, a theory describing how some regulated industries come
to benefit from government regulation and how some regulatory commissions come
to represent the industries they are supposed to regulate rather than representing
the public interest is called
a. theory of regulation.
b. capture theory of regulation.
c. “capture the natives” theory.
d. regulate the captives theory.
33. A realistic view of the role of bureaucracy in policy making is where agencies and
departments of government
a. play a neutral role in policy making.
b. only provide relevant information to the policy makers.
c. administer the decisions of Congress without attempting to influence policies.
d. play an important role in policy making.
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34. According to the Dye text, the lifting of government rules and bureaucratic
supervision from business and professional activity is called
a. deregulation.
b. re-regulation.
c. de-escalation.
d. pre-regulation.
35. According to the Dye text, oversight of the bureaucracies is lodged primarily in
a. congressional committees and subcommittees.
b. the White House staff.
c. a private auditing firm.
d. the federal courts.
36. In which case did the Supreme Court first declare an act of Congress
unconstitutional?
a. MCCULLOCH V MARYLAND b. SHERBERT V VERNER c. PALKO V CONNECTICUT
d. MARBURY V MADISON
37. In the case MARBURY V MADISON, John Marshall was
a. the Attorney General.
b. the Chief Justice.
c. not eligible to participate in the decision because of his prior role as Secretary of
State.
d. the acting district attorney for the state of Maryland.
38. Which of the following constitutes a "cue" (cue theory) that may indicate whether the
Supreme Court will decide to hear a case on appeal?
1. The president or other high ranking federal officer publicly calls on the Supreme
Court to review of the case.
2. The case involves a civil liberties or civil rights issue.
3. The judges on the lower appellate court have sharply divided opinions.
4. The subject matter of the case involves a social or political agenda that is
consistent with the dominant ideology of the Supreme Court.
5. The case involves a question of federalism.
a. 1, 2, & 5
b. 1, 2, & 3
c. 1, 2, 3, & 4
d. 1, 2, 3, & 5
39. Merits consciousness is the idea that a justice's
1. vote to grant certiorari reflects a predisposition by the justice to reverse a lower
court's decision based on the merits of the case.
2. vote to deny certiorari reflects a predisposition by the justice to reverse a lower
court's decision based on the merits of the case.
3. vote to grant or deny certiorari is highly associated with his or her political party
ideology.
4. vote to grant or deny certiorari is highly associated with his or her political party
affiliation.
5. vote to grant or deny certiorari is based strictly on the degree or extent of legal
impact that he or she believes the decision will ultimately have.
a. 1 only
b. 1 & 2
c. 3 & 4
d. 5 only
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40. Which of the following determines whether the Supreme Court will issue a writ of
certiorari?
a. "gang of four"
b. "rule of five"
c. "rule of four"
d. "four on the floor"
41. According to the Dye text, federal judicial appointments are for
a. 6 year terms with no limit on the number of terms.
b. 6 year terms with a limit of three terms.
c. 10 year terms with a limit of two terms.
d. life.
42. The doctrine of stare decisis means
a. to reverse a decision of a lower court.
b. that the court does not have jurisdiction in a case.
c. to refer a case to the next highest court.
d. to stand on the decided cases - that is to decide a case based on the precedents
set in other similar cases.
43. The power of the courts to decide whether an act of another branch of government
is consistent with or contrary to the provisions of the Constitution is known as
a. judicial review. b. writs of judicial appeal. c. the greater judicial need doctrine.
d. the doctrine of common sense.
44. Appellate jurisdiction involves the authority of a court to
a. decide guilt or innocence in criminal cases.
b. determine the extent of damages in civil cases.
c. limit the jurisdiction of lower courts.
d. review the decisions of lower courts.
45. A writ of certiorari by the Supreme Court orders
a. both parties in a case to reach a settlement without further litigation.
b. a public official to discharge his or her duty.
c. a lower court to send it the records of a case for review.
d. the state legislature to rewrite legislation that was found to be unconstitutional.
46. According to the Dye text, rather than force, the courts derive their authority from the
“rightness” of their decisions, referred to as the court’s
a. prestige.
b. legitimacy.
c. political correctness.
d. constitutional power.
47. According to the Dye text, an opinion by a member of a court that disagrees with
the result reached by the court in the case is called a
a. minority opinion.
b. majority opinion.
c. concurring opinion.
d. dissenting opinion.
48. Which of the following were established in class as criteria of judicial policymaking?
a. legal impact and policy impact
b. policy impact and compliance
c. legal impact and compliance
d. none of these
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49. Which criterion of judicial policy-making refers to the "potential of a given court
decision to substantially alter or change an existing policy or practice?"
a. legal impact b. policy impact c. compliance d. none of these
50. The fact that public schools, particularly in the South, had not integrated two
decades after the Supreme Court's decision in BROWN V BOARD OF EDUCATION
illustrated the relevance of _______________ as a criterion of judicial policy-making.
a. legal impact b. policy impact c. compliance d. none of these
51. The criterion of judicial policy-making that requires parties affected by a court’s
decision to actually change or alter their behavior in accordance with the decision is
a. legal impact b. policy impact c. compliance d. none of these
52. Which of the following cases meet both of the criteria of judicial policy-making?
1. GRISWOLD V CONNECTICUT
2. ENGEL V VITALE
3. MIRANDA V ARIZONA
4. PLESSY V FERGUSON
5. BAKER V CARR
a. 1, 2, & 3 b. 1, 2, 3, & 4 c. 1, 2, 3, & 5 d. all of the above
53. In MARBURY V MADISON, the Supreme Court held that
a. Madison had to deliver Marbury's judicial commission.
b. Congress could not change the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
c. Congress could give the Supreme Court the power to issue writs of mandamus.
d. all of these.
54. A writ of mandamus is a court order compelling
a. both parties in a case to reach a settlement without further litigation.
b. a public official to discharge his or her duty.
c. a lower court to send it the records of a case for review.
d. the state legislature to rewrite legislation that was found to be unconstitutional.
55. Judicial activism refers to a philosophy that
a. implies a willingness on the part of judges to make liberal social policy.
b. implies a reluctance on the part of judges to make liberal social policy.
c. implies a willingness on the part of judges to use the power of judicial review to
declare an act or action of another branch of government unconstitutional and,
therefore, void.
d. implies a reluctance on the part of judges to use the power of judicial review to
declare an act or action of another branch of government unconstitutional and,
therefore, void.
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PART II. TRUE or FALSE. INSTRUCTIONS:
For each of the following
statements, mark “A” on your answer sheet to indicate the statement is true or “B” to
indicate the statement is false. NOTE: These items are drawn from the assigned
chapters on the “Texas Executive and Bureaucracy” and the “Texas Judiciary.” 7 items.
56. The governor of Texas is consistently ranked among the strongest in the country.
57. The Texas governor has line-item veto authority over the state budget.
58. Because of the Texas lieutenant governor’s key legislative role and statewide
constituency, many experts consider this position to be one of the most powerful
offices in the state.
59. In Texas government, the power of the bureaucracy is enhanced because the
legislature meets only five months every two years and the governor has very limited
powers over the executive branch.
60. Some 80% of state government employees work in three areas: higher education,
public safety and corrections, and social services.
61. Texas has a unified judicial system with clear cut distinctions between the
jurisdictions of different courts.
62. Most Texas judges are either women and (or) racial minorities.
63. Death penalty cases are appealed directly to the Texas Supreme Court.