Plural Nouns
• For most nouns add s.
– cars, horses
• If a noun ends with s, ch, sh, x, or z, add es.
– buses, brushes
• If a noun ends with f or fe, change the f to a v and add es.
– Scarves
– *if two vowels are before the f, leave it f and add s. Ex. chiefs
• If a noun ends with a vowel then a y, add s.
– Boys
• If the noun ends with a consonant then a y, drop the y and add ies.
– pennies
• When a compound noun is made up of a noun plus a modifier, the plural
(s or es) is added to the noun (main word).
– brothers-in-law
Possessive Nouns
• To make all singular nouns possessive, just add ‘s.
– That is my mother’s car.
• If a singular noun ends in s, add ‘s.
– He followed his boss’s suggestion.
• If a plural noun already ends in s, add an
apostrophe.
– Please watch all of the boys’ bikes.
• If a plural noun does not already end in s, add ‘s.
– Put it in the sheep’s barn.