Comparative Digestive Systems
Topic 3024
Amanda Moore
Torey Birchmeier
Modified by
Ashlee Gibson
Digestive Systems Overviews
Digestion
• Digestion: Breaking down large,
______________________________________
into simpler molecules for use by an organism.
• Food enters the mouth and goes through
______________ and ________________
changes as it passes through the alimentary canal.
Types of Stomachs
• _________________________________
– Man, Pig
• _________________________________
– Cattle, Sheep, Goats
• ___________________________________
___________________
– Horses, Rabbits, Guinea Pigs
Parts of Digestive Tract
• ____________: initial opening of
alimentary canal
– ________________________________
• secrete juices that contain enzymes to help break up
the food
– Mastication
• chewing, crushing, preparing food for swallowing
Parts of Digestive Tract
• _____________: funnel shaped muscle
between mouth and esophagus
– part of digestive and respiratory tracts
• Esophagus:
__________________________________
– muscle contractions move food down to
stomach
Parts of Digestive Tract
• Stomach: located between esophagus and
small intestine
– Two basics types
• _________________________________
• _________________________________
Parts of Digestive Tract
Simple Stomach
• Humans, swine, rabbits and horses
– Divided into three regions
• _____________________
• _____________________
• _____________________
Simple Stomach
• Digestion:
– ______________________________________
______________________________________
– Is ________________, enzymes soften and
break down macromolecules of food
• enzymes are catalysts, they start the chemical
reactions
Simple Stomach
• ________________ that break down food
– Gastric-break down proteins in stomach
– Liver and pancreatic-break down fats in small
intestine
– Intestinal-break down carbohydrates and
proteins in small intestine
Parts of Digestion Tract
Ruminant Stomach
• Sheep, Cows and Goats
• Occupies 3/4 of the abdominal cavity
Four Components of Ruminant
Stomach
• __________________________
– composes 80% of ruminant stomach in mature
bovine animals and 30% in young animals
• _________________________________
– composes about 5% of bovine stomach
– prevents indigestible objects from entering the
stomach
Four Components of Ruminant
Stomach
• _______________________________
– composes 7-8% of bovine stomach
– absorbs mostly water
• _______________________________
– the “true” stomach
– composes 7-8% of stomach in mature animals
and 70% in young animals
Digestion in the Ruminant
Stomach
• ______________________: The process of
___________________, _______________,
_______________ and _______________
of food.
• Purpose: To smash and break up food which
provides more surface area bacteria to break
down
Parts of Digestive Tract
• _________________: long, coiled tube
connecting the stomach with the large
intestine.
– Is covered by ________________ which
increases surface area to increase absorption
– Food moves through by muscle contractions
called ___________________________
– Final breakdown and absorption of nutrients
occurs here
Parts of the Digestive Tract
• Large Intestine
– Includes _______________, ___________ and
_____________________________
– __________________________________
– Very little nutrient absorption takes place here
Parts of the Digestive Tract
Accessory Organs
• __________________________________
– secretes ________________which breakdown
fat and starches
• ______________________________
– secrets _______________ which digest fats