LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION - BIO TECHNOLOGY
FIRST SEMESTER – November 2008
BT 1822 - IMMUNOLOGY & IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY
Date : 11-11-08
Time : 1:00 - 4:00
Dept. No.
ED 26
Max. : 100 Marks
SECTION – A
Answer all the questions
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
II.
(20 marks)
Choose the correct answer.
(5 x 1 = 5)
Which of the following antibody is the first to be synthesized by neonates?
a) IgG
b) IgM
c) IgA
d) IgD
______________ is called as the triple vaccine.
a) DPT
b) OPV
c) BCG
d)MMR
In which of the following type of ELISA, a decreased OD value is indicative of infection?
a) Class capture
b) sandwich c) competitive d) direct
Which is the first licensed drug approved by FDA for clinical trial?
a) OK-T2
b) OK-T3
c) Herceptin d) Rituximab
The following is not a constituent of Freund’s Complete Adjuvant.
a) mineral oil b) surfactant c) liposome d) Mycobacteria
State whether the following are True or False; if false, state reasons.
6. T-helper cells are usually class-II MHC restricted.
7. Cytokines are only pleiotrophic, but not redundant in nature.
8. Complementarity determining regions are also called as hot-spots.
9. Spleen is an example of central lymphoid organ.
10. Apoptosis is derived from a Greek word that meant ‘falling leaves’.
(5 x 1 = 5)
III.
Complete the following.
(5 x 1 = 5)
11. Idiotypic variations are generally noted in the ____________ region of the antibody.
12. The antibody diversity in our body is due to ________________.
13. _____________ are anti-viral proteins, secreted mainly by lymphocytes.
14. Against one particular antigen, __________ type(s) of antibodies is produced in our body.
15. The circulating dendritic cells are also called as____________ .
IV.
Answer the following in one or two sentences, each in about 50 words. (5 x 1 = 5)
16. What are CD molecules?
17. Define Class Switching.
18. Differentiate between Affinity and Avidity.
19. Expand FACS with a footnote.
20. What is Prime boost strategy.
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SECTION - B
Answer any five questions, each in about 350 words only.
V.
(5 x 8 = 40)
21. Give the outline classification of immunity. What are the characteristics of immune system?
22. (i) Explain the mechanism of Agglutination and its use in clinical diagnosis.
(ii) Draw and label the parts in structure of a typical immunoglobulin molecule.
23. Bring out the differences between the exogenous and endogenous mode of antigen processing and
presentation.
24. (i) Establish the significance of NK cells in immune system.
(ii) Enlist the steps involved in phagocytosis.
25. Discuss the merits and demerits of synthetic peptides as vaccines. Add a note on edible vaccines.
26. Give a brief account on the principle and types of ELISA.
27. ‘Antibody Engineering is a novel and application-oriented branch of immunotechnology with diverse
benefits’ – Justify this statement with suitable examples.
28. How are immunoassays validated before clinical trials? Explain with special reference to the
variables affecting assay’s performance and the stages involved.
VI.
SECTION - C
Answer the following, each in about 1500 words.
(2 x 20 = 40)
29. (a) Differentiate immunognecity from antigenecity. What are the factors influencing immunogenicity
– from the side of immunogen, biological system and the mode of administration? Add a note on
superantigens and heterophile antigens. What do you know about haptens?
(or)
(b) How does the host system evades intracellular pathogens like pin-worm? Explain this focusing
upon the morphology (and life-cycle) of the parasite, both non-specific and specific acquired
resistance of the system against the parasite, and also mention how the host defenses are cleverly
avoided by the pathogen?
30. (a) How are monoclonal antibodies through Hybridoma Technology? Explain the methodology
involved, with special relevance to HAT media selection. Add a note on the general applications of
monoclonal antibodies.
(or)
(b) Define transplantation. What are the various types of grafts and what you know about the two
types of transplantation antigens? Write about the mechanism of graft rejection, and how could such
rejections be prevented? Throw special light upon immunosuppressive therapies available for graft
rejections.
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