The Atlantic World 1500s
Economics
Social
Political
Motivations for Colonization
•Trade
•Expansion of Europe
•Alleviate Trade Deficit
•
Crusades
Motivations for Colonization
•Religious
•
Competition with Islam
•Dominance over indigenous
Wars between European nations
Routes
•Eastern Route: Marco Polo
•Western Route: Spain
•Predecessors: English
Trade: Water and Land
•Spice Islands
•Indian Ocean
•Atlantic Ocean
•Caravan routes
•Trade products
•Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade (1501)
•
Race and Economics
•
Triangular Trade
•
Who benefited?
Water
•Cross-cultural interactions
•Religion
•Intellectual
•Communication
•European mariners: Ships
•Trading posts turn into “slave castles”
•Disruption of African society
•
Chattel Enslavement
•
16+- Africans enslaved in
“New World”
Resistance to Enslavement
Changes in Power
•European Monarchy
Gunpowder Empires
•More Centralized
•Portugal: Imperialism/Prince Henry
•Spain
Financing European mariners
15th century- Slave Trade (Portugal)
•Political Upheaval in Africa
European commercial revolution
Class Inequality/Tensions
National states/empire building
Mercantilism
•Network of Overseas colonies
Results of Spanish Conquest
•Trade of silver from mines
Spain (Mission System)
Results of Spanish Conquest
•Racial
•Destruction of Indigenous culture
Spain: 1519
•Encomienda System
Results of Spanish Conquest
•Geo-Political Rivalries
Indigenous: Barter/Trade
Indigenous encounter with Europeans
Indigenous: relationship with land, water,
animals (animistic)
3 types of societies
Women as leaders
War
Indigenous Women: guardians of groups
traditions/ social and economic stability
•Matrilineal