Global summary of the AIDS epidemic
December 2008
Number of people living with HIV in 2008
Total
Adults
Women
Children under 15 years
33.4 million [31.1 – 35.8 million]
31.3 million [29.2 – 33.7 million]
15.7 million [14.2 – 17.2 million]
2.1 million [1.2 – 2.9 million]
People newly infected with HIV in 2008
Total
Adults
Children under 15 years
2.7 million [2.4 – 3.0 million]
2.3 million [2.0 – 2.5 million]
430 000 [240 000 – 610 000]
AIDS-related deaths in 2008
Total
Adults
Children under 15 years
2.0 million [1.7 – 2.4 million]
1.7 million [1.4 – 2.1 million]
280 000 [150 000 – 410 000]
The ranges around the estimates in this table define the boundaries within which the actual numbers lie, based on the best available information.
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Global estimates 1990–2008
Adult (15–49) HIV prevalence (%)
Number (millions)
Number of people living with HIV
40
1.2
30
0.9
20
%
10
0.3
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
Number of people newly infected with HIV
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Number of adult and child deaths due to AIDS
5
5
4
4
Number (millions)
Number (millions)
0.6
3
2
1
3
2
1
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
High and low estimates
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure I
1999
2002
2005
2008
Regional HIV and AIDS statistics
2008 and 2001
(First of 2 parts)
Adults & children living with HIV
2008
Sub–Saharan Africa
Middle East & North Africa
South and South–East Asia
East Asia
Latin America
Caribbean
Eastern Europe & Central Asia
Western & Central Europe
2001
Adults & children newly infected with HIV
2008
2001
22.4 million
19.7 million
1.9 million
2.3 million
[20.8 – 24.1 million]
[18.3 – 21.2 million]
[1.6 – 2.2 million]
[2.0 – 2.5 million]
310 000
200 000
35 000
30 000
[250 000 – 380 000]
[150 000 – 250 000]
[24 000 – 46 000]
[23 000 – 40 000]
3.8 million
4.0 million
280 000
310 000
[3.4 – 4.3 million]
[3.5 – 4.5 million]
[240 000 – 320 000
[270 000 – 350 000]
850 000
560 000
75 000
99 000
[700 000 – 1.0 million]
[480 000 – 650 000]
[58 000 – 88 000]
[75 000 – 120 000]
2.0 million
1.6 million
170 000
150 000
[1.8 – 2.2 million]
[1.2 – 1.6 million]
[150 000 – 200 000]
[140 000 – 170 000]
240 000
220 000
20 000
21 000
[220 000 – 260 000]
[200 000 – 240 000]
[16 000 – 24 000]
[17 000 – 24 000]
1.5 million
900 000
110 000
280 000
[1.4 – 1.7 million]
[800 000 – 1.1 million]
[100 000 – 130 000]
[240 000 – 320 000]
850 000
660 000
30 000
40 000
[710 000 – 970 000]
[580 000 – 760 000]
[23 000 – 35 000]
[31 000 – 47 000]
North America
1.4 million
1.2 million
55 000
52 000
[1.2 – 1.6 million]
[1.1 – 1.4 million]
[36 000 – 61 000]
[42 000 – 60 000]
Oceania
59 000
36 000
3900
5900
[51 000 – 68 000]
[29 000 – 45 000]
[ 2900 – 5100]
[ 4800 – 7300]
TOTAL
33.4 million
29.0 million
2.7 million
3.2 million
[31.1 – 35.8 million]
[27.0 – 31.0 million]
[2.4 – 3.0 million]
[2.9 – 3.6 million]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Regional HIV and AIDS statistics
2008 and 2001
(Last of 2 parts)
Adult prevalence (%)
2008
Sub–Saharan Africa
Middle East & North Africa
South and South–East Asia
East Asia
Adult & child deaths due to AIDS
2001
2008
2001
5.2%
5.8%
1.4 million
1.4 million
[4.9% – 5.4%]
[5.5% – 6.0%]
[1.1 – 1.7 million]
[1.2 – 1.7 million]
0.2%
0.2%
20 000
11 000
[<0.2% – 0.3%]
[0.1% – 0.2%]
[15 000 – 25 000]
[7800 – 14 000]
0.3%
0.3%
270 000
260 000
[0.2% – 0.3%]
[<0.3% – 0.4%]
[220 000 – 310 00]
[210 000 – 320 000]
0.1%
<0.1%
59 000
22 000
[<0.1%]
[<0.1%]
[46 000 – 71 000]
[18 000 – 27 000]
Latin America
0.6%
0.5%
77 000
66 000
[0.5% – 0.6%]
[<0.5% – 0.6%]
[66 000 – 89 000]
[56 000 – 77 000]
Caribbean
1.0%
1.1%
12 000
20 000
[0.9% – 1.1%]
[1.0% – 1.2%]
[9300 – 14 000]
[17 000 – 23 000]
Eastern Europe & Central Asia
0.7%
0.5%
87 000
26 000
[0.6% – 0.8%]
[0.4% – 0.5%]
[72 000 – 110 000]
[22 000 – 30 000]
Western & Central Europe
0.3%
0.2%
13 000
7900
[0.2% – 0.3%]
[<0.2% – 0.3%]
[10 000 – 15 000]
[6500 – 9700]
North America
0.6%
0.6%
25 000
19 000
[0.5% – 0.7%]
[0.5% – 0.7%]
[20 000 – 31 000]
[16 000 – 23 000]
Oceania
0.3%
0.2%
2000
<1000
[<0.3% – 0.4%]
[<0.2% – 0.3%]
[1100 – 3100]
[<500 – 1200]
TOTAL
0.8%
0.8%
2.0 million
1.9 million
[<0.8% – 0.8%]
[<0.8% – 0.8%]
[1.7 – 2.4 million]
[1.6 – 2.2 million]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Estimate of the annual number of infant infections averted through
the provision of antiretroviral prophylaxis to HIV-positive pregnant women,
globally, 1996–2008
70 000
Infant infections averted
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
1996
1997 1998
1999 2000
2001 2002
2003 2004
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure II
2005 2006
2007 2008
Estimated number of new child infections at current levels
of antiretroviral prophylaxis and without antiretroviral prophylaxis ,
globally, 1996–2008
600 000
500 000
400 000
300 000
200 000
100 000
0
1996
1997 1998
1999 2000
2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
No prevention of mother-to-child transmission
At current levels of antiretroviral prophylaxis
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure III
2007 2008
Regional estimates of the number of infant infections at current levels
of antiretroviral prophylaxis and without antiretroviral prophylaxis
Latin America
6
50
8
5
40
30
20
(thousands)
10
6
4
2
10
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1996
2008
Caribbean
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
(thousands)
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
5
500
4
400
3
2
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2006
2008
300
200
100
0
0
1998
Sub-Saharan Africa
1
0.5
1998
1996
Middle East and North Africa
3.5
3.0
1996
2
0
2008
(thousands)
1996
4
3
1
0
0
(thousands)
Eastern Europe and Central Asia
60
(thousands)
(thousands)
Asia
0
1996
1998
No prevention of mother-to-child transmission
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1996
1998
2000
2002
At current levels of antiretroviral prophylaxis
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure IV
2004
Estimated number of AIDS-related deaths with and
without antiretroviral therapy, globally, 1996–2008
3.0
Number (millions)
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
1996
1997 1998
1999 2000
2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
Year
No antiretroviral therapy
At current levels of antiretroviral therapy
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure V
2007 2008
Estimated number of AIDS-related deaths with and
without antiretroviral therapy, by region, 1996–2008
Caribbean
120
400
20
100
300
200
(thousands)
25
100
15
10
5
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
Latin America
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
(thousands)
120
80
40
0
25
2.0
20
1.6
15
1.2
10
2002
2004
2006
2008
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2006
2008
0.8
0.4
0
2000
1998
Sub-Saharan Africa
5
1998
1996
Middle East and North Africa
160
1996
40
0
1996
2008
(millions)
1998
80
60
20
0
1996
(thousands)
Eastern Europe and Central Asia
500
(thousands)
(thousands)
Asia
0
1996
No antiretroviral therapy
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1996
1998
At current levels of antiretroviral therapy
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure VI
2000
2002
2004
Estimated number of Life-years added due to antiretroviral therapy,
by region, 1996–2008
8
7.2 million
7
(millions)
6
5
4
3
2.3 million
2
1.4 million
1
590 000
73 000
40 000
49 000
Eastern
Europe
and Central
Asia
Caribbean
Oceania
7500
0
Western
Europe
and North
America
SubSaharan
Africa
Latin
America
Asia
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure VII
Middle
East
and North
Africa
Adult (aged 15–49) HIV prevalence in (sub-) national population-based
surveys which include HIV testing, 2001–2008
Country
Sub–Saharan Africa
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
DR Congo
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Ethiopia
Ghana
Guinea
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Malawi
Mali
Niger
HIV prevalence (%)
(Year)
1.2
25.0
25.2
1.8
3.0
3.6
5.5
6.2
3.3
3.2
4.7
1.3
2.9
3.2
1.4
2.2
1.5
7.8
6.7
23.4
1.6
12.7
1.3
1.8
0.7
0.9
(2006)
(2008)
(2004)
(2003)
(2007)
(2002)
(2004)
(2006)
(2005)
(2009)
(2005)
(2007)
(2002)
(2004)
(2005)
(2003)
(2005)
(2008)
(2003)
(2004)
(2007)
(2004)
(2006)
(2001)
(2006)
(2002)
Country
Nigeria
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
South Africa
Swaziland
Uganda
UR Tanzania
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Asia
Cambodia
India
Papua province (Indonesia)
Hai Phong province (Viet Nam)
Caribbean
Dominican Republic
Haiti
2009 AIDS epidemic update
HIV prevalence (%)
(Year)
3.6
3.0
0.7
1.5
1.5
16.9
16.2
15.6
25.9
6.4
5.7
7.0
14.3
15.6
18.1
(2007)
(2005)
(2005)
(2008)
(2005)
(2008)
(2005)
(2002)
(2006–07)
(2004–05)
(2007)
(2004)
(2007)
(2001–02)
(2005–06)
0.6
0.3
2.4
0.5
(2005)
(2005–06)
(2006)
(2005)
0.8
1.0
2.2
(2007)
(2002)
(2005–06)
Sub-Saharan Africa
Number of people living with HIV
2008
22.4 million
[20.8 million–24.1 million]
2001
19.7 million
[18.3 million–21.2 million]
2008
Number of new infections
1.9 million
[1.6 million–2.2 million]
2001
2.3 million
[2.0 million–2.5 million]
Number of children newly infected
2008
390 000
[210 000–570 000]
2001
460 000
[260 000–640 000]
Number of AIDS-related deaths
2008
1.4 million
[1.1 million–1.7 million]
2001
1.4 million
[1.2 million–1.7 million]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Sub-Saharan Africa estimates 1990–2008
Adult (15–49) HIV prevalence (%)
Number (millions)
Number of people living with HIV
25
10
20
8
15
6
%
10
4
5
2
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Number of adult and child deaths due to AIDS
4
3
3
2
2
1
(millions)
4
Number
Number (millions)
Number of people newly infected with HIV
1993
0
1
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
High and low estimates
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 1
1999
2002
2005
2008
HIV prevalence by marital status and gender
in the general populations of nine West African countries
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
Burkina Faso
6.3
2.2
1.6
0.8
Single
too
few
cases
2.8
Divorced/
separated/
widowed
Married/
cohabiting
Ghana
6.7
6.2
2.9
1.1
3.3
2.3
too
few
cases
0.3
Single
Married/
cohabiting
Divorced/
separated
Widowed
Niger
6.4
3.6
0.4
0.4
Single
0.5
0.9
Married/
cohabiting
Divorced/
separated
3.9
too
few
cases
Widowed
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
Benin
10.6
7.2
0.5
1.3
0.2
Single
Married/
cohabiting
too
few
cases
2.3
1.2
Divorced/
separated
Guinea
Widowed
14.8
3.9
1.2
1.6
0.6
Single
1.3
Married/
cohabiting
too
few
cases
0.0
Divorced/
separated
Widowed
Senegal
3.8
0.3
0.0
Single
0.9
0.9
Married/
cohabiting
2.2
Divorced/
separated/
widowed
Source: Lowndes et al. (2008).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 2
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
Côte d’Ivoire
14.9
11.0
6.1
4.6
3.6
1.3
Single
Divorced/
separated/
widowed
Married/
cohabiting
Mali
8.2
0.4
0.6
Single
1.4
0.9
Married/
cohabiting
1.8
too
few
cases
2.2
Divorced/
separated
Widowed
Sierra Leone
5.3
1.8
0.9
Single
1.4
1.8
Married/
cohabiting
3.1
Divorced/
separated
2.2
too
few
cases
Widowed
Female
Male
Distribution of new infections by mode of exposure
in Ghana and Swaziland, 2008
100
No risk
Medical injections
80
Blood transfusions
Injecting drug use (IDU)
Partners IDU
60
Sex workers
%
Clients
Partners of Clients
40
Men who have sex with men (MSM)
Female partners of MSM
Engaged in casual sex (CS)
20
Partners of CS
Low-risk heterosexual
0
Ghana
Swaziland 1
Swaziland 2
Note: sensitivity analysis for Swaziland used different data sources.
Sources: Bosu et al. (2009) and Mngadi et al. (2009).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 3
HIV prevalence among antenatal clinic clients in Swaziland,
1992–2008
50
HIV prevalence (%)
40
30
20
10
0
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
Source: Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (2009).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 4
2004
2006
2008
Age at first sexual intercourse by education status
in Swaziland, 2007
100
No education
Lower primary
80
Higher primary
Secondary
High School
60
Tertiary
%
40
20
0
Women
< 15 yrs
Women
< 18 yrs
Men
< 15 yrs
Sources: Central Statistical Office & Macro International (2008).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 5
Men
< 18 yrs
HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in countries
in sub-Saharan Africa, 2002–2008
50
HIV prevalence (%)
40
30
20
10
0
Botswana
Malawi
Namibia
South
Africa 1
South
Africa 2
Zambia
Kenya 1
Southern Africa
Kenya 2
East Africa
Source: Smith et al. (2009), Baral et al. (2009), and Sanders et al. (2007)
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 6
UR
Tanzania
Nigeria
Senegal
West Africa
Asia
Number of people living with HIV
2008
4.7 million
[3.8 million–5.5 million]
2001
4.5 million
[3.8 million–5.2 million]
2008
Number of new infections
350 000
[270 000–410 000]
2001
400 000
[310 000–480 000]
Number of children newly infected
2008
21 000
[13 000–29 000]
2001
33 000
[18 000–49 000]
Number of AIDS-related deaths
2008
330 000
[260 000–400 000]
2001
280 000
[230 000–340 000]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Asia estimates 1990–2008
Adult (15–49) HIV prevalence (%)
Number (millions)
Number of people living with HIV
8
0.4
6
0.3
4
%
2
0.1
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
Number of people newly infected with HIV
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Number of adult and child deaths due to AIDS
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.8
Number (million)
Number (million)
0.2
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
High and low estimates
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 7
1999
2002
2005
2008
Age-adjusted HIV prevalence among antenatal attendees aged 15–24
from 2000 to 2007 in high-prevalence southern states (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,
Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu) and northern states of India
2.5
Age-adjusted HIV prevalence (%)
Southern states
2.0
Northern states
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Logarithmic trend line; test for trend by logistic regression, with age adjustment to the entire study population,
n = 202 254 for the south, n = 221 588 for the north.
Source: Arora et al. (2008).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 8
2007
Vulnerability to sexual HIV transmission in commercial sex
in Karachi and Lahore, Pakistan
28
Female sex
workers (FSWs)
60
82
20
Male clients
of FSWs
45
61
42
Male sex
workers
57
63
31
51
Hijras
55
0
20
40
60
80
Per cent
Has never heard of HIV/AIDS
Does not know that condoms can prevent transmission of HIV
No perceived HIV risk
Source: Bokhari et al. (2007).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 9
100
Saturating prevention coverage through complementary programming.
Avahan has achieved a high coverage of target populations
(routine programme monitoring data)
Injecting
drug users
Manipur
62%
35 000 est.
Nagaland
53%
28 000 est.
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu*
High Risk –
Men who
have sex
with men
26 000 est.
Andhra Pradesh
46 000 est.
61%
26%
70%
19%
14%
76%
64%
27 000 est.
21 000 est.
36%
15%
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu*
11%
74%
38%
84 000 est.
Karnataka
20%
26%
72 000 est.
22%
58%
29%
115 000 est.
12%
26%
22%
89 000 est.
Female
sex
workers
26%
24%
5%
36%
49%
26%
Percent of Mapped Urban
Key Population covered**
Government of India and Others
Avahan
Percentages indicate intended coverage through establishment of services in specific geographic areas.
* Includes districts with no intended coverage.
** Mapping and size estimation quality varies by state.
Does not include rural areas
Source: Avahan and State AIDS Control Society programme data (2008).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 10
Uncovered
Comparison of the incidence of syphilis in China
reported from 26 sentinel sites and from the nationwide sexually transmitted
disease surveillance system
35
Incidence (per 100 000)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Reported incidence of total syphilis from sentinel sites
Reported incidence of total syphilis from the nationwide sexually transmitted
disease surveillance system
Source: Chen et al. (2007).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 11
2005
Trends in HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and syphilis
in men who have sex with men in Beijing in 2004, 2005 and 2006
14
12
Prevalence (%)
10
HIV
Hepatitis B
8
Hepatitis C
Syphilis
6
4
2
0
2004
2005
2006
Source: Ma et al. (2007).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 12
Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Number of people living with HIV
2008
1.5 million
[1.4 million–1.7 million]
2001
900 000
[800 000–1.1 million]
2008
Number of new infections
110 000
[100 000–130 000]
2001
280 000
[240 000–320 000]
Number of children newly infected
2008
3700
[1700–6000]
2001
3000
[1600–4300]
Number of AIDS-related deaths
2008
87 000
[72 000–110 000]
2001
26 000
[22 000–30 000]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Eastern Europe and Central Asia
estimates 1990–2008
Adult (15–49) HIV prevalence (%)
Number (millions)
Number of people living with HIV
2.0
1.0
1.6
0.8
1.2
0.6
%
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.2
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Number of adult and child deaths due to AIDS
400
400
300
300
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
Number of people newly infected with HIV
1993
200
100
200
100
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
High and low estimates
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 13
1999
2002
2005
2008
HIV cases per million population in the WHO Eastern Europe region
by year of notification, 2000–2007
180
HIV cases per million population
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Note: Data from Russian Federation not included.
Source: Van de Laar et al. (2008).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 14
2005
2006
2007
Caribbean
Number of people living with HIV
2008
240 000
[220 000–260 000]
2001
220 000
[200 000–240 000]
2008
Number of new infections
20 000
16 000–24 000
2001
21 000
[17 000–24 000]
Number of children newly infected
2008
2300
[1400–3400]
2001
2800
[1700–4000]
Number of AIDS-related deaths
2008
12 000
[9300–14 000]
2001
20 000
[17 000–23 000]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Caribbean estimates 1990–2008
Adult (15–49) HIV prevalence (%)
Number (thousands)
Number of people living with HIV
400
2.0
300
1.5
200
%
100
0.5
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
Number of people newly infected with HIV
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Number of adult and child deaths due to AIDS
80
80
60
60
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
1.0
40
20
0
40
20
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
High and low estimates
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 15
1999
2002
2005
2008
HIV prevalence trends among young people (aged 15–24)
in the Dominican Republic, 1991–2007
2.5
Pregnant women at La Altagracia
Hospital, Santo Domingo
HIV prevalence (%)
2.0
Women in population-based survey
Men in population-based survey
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Source: Halperin, et al (2009).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 16
Latin America
Number of people living with HIV
2008
2.0 million
[1.8 million–2.2 million]
2001
1.6 million
[1.5 million–1.8 million]
2008
Number of new infections
170 000
[150 000–200 000]
2001
150 000
[140 000–170 000]
Number of children newly infected
2008
6900
[4200–9700]
2001
6200
[3800–9100]
Number of AIDS-related deaths
2008
77 000
[66 000–89 000]
2001
66 000
[56 000–77 000]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Latin America estimates 1990–2008
Adult (15–49) HIV prevalence (%)
Number (millions)
Number of people living with HIV
2.5
1.0
2.0
0.8
1.5
0.6
%
1.0
0.4
0.5
0.2
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Number of adult and child deaths due to AIDS
250
250
200
200
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
Number of people newly infected with HIV
1993
150
100
50
150
100
0
50
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
High and low estimates
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 17
1999
2002
2005
2008
Distribution of HIV incidence by mode of exposure in Peru:
estimate for 2010
Men who have sex with men
54.97%
Risk groups
Low-risk heterosexual
Partners of clients of female sex workers
6.36%
Casual heterosexual sex
6.30%
Female partners of men who have sex with men
6.22%
Partners (casual heterosexual sex)
5.54%
Injecting drug users
1.98%
Clients of female sex workers
1.33%
Female sex workers
0.89%
Medical injections
0.23%
Partners (injecting drug users)
0.22%
Blood transfusions
0.0%
Without risk
0.0%
0
10
Source: Alarcón Villaverde (2009).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 18
20
30
%
40
50
60
Estimated HIV-1 seroprevalence and 95% confidence interval for HIV
among men who have sex with men and female sex workers by country
25
Men who have sex with men
Female sex workers
HIV seroprevalence (%)
20
15.3
15
12.4
12.1
10
11.7
9.6
8.9
7.6
5
4.3
3.6
3.2
0
0.2
n:
281
484
El Salvador
157
511
Guatemala
267
493
Honduras
145
460
Nicaragua
Source: Soto et al. (2007).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 19
0.2
235
418
Panama
1085
2366
All countries
Condom use among female sex workers who attend VICITS (Vigilancia Centinela de ITS) in
Tegucigalpa, San Pedro Sula and La Ceiba, Honduras, in 2008
100
96.7%
80
60
%
40.7%
40
20
10.6%
0
With clients
With casual
partners
With regular
partners
Condom use
(n= 463)
Source: Secretaria de Salud Honduras (2008).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 20
North America and
Western and Central Europe
Number of people living with HIV
2008
2.3 million
[1.9 million–2.6 million]
2001
1.9 million
[1.7 million–2.1 million]
2008
Number of new infections
75 000
[49 000–97 000]
2001
93 000
[76 000–110 000]
Number of children newly infected
2008
<500
[<200–<500]
2001
<500
[<200–<500]
Number of AIDS-related deaths
2008
38 000
[27 000–61 000]
2001
27 000
[18 000–42 000]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
North America and Western and Central Europe
estimates 1990–2008
Adult (15–49) HIV prevalence (%)
Number (millions)
Number of people living with HIV
3
0.6
2
0.4
%
1
0.2
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
High and low estimates
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 21
1999
2002
2005
2008
Yearly number of new HIV and AIDS cases and related deaths
in Switzerland, 1995–2008
1200
Number of people
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1995
1996 1997
1998
1999
2000
2001 2002
2003
2004
2005
HIV
Death with AIDS
AIDS cases
Death without AIDS
Source: Federal Office of Public Health (2009).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 22
2006 2007
2008
Estimated new HIV infections by transmission category, extended back calculation
model, 50 US states and the District of Columbia, 1977–2006
Infections
80 000
70 000
Men who have sex with men (MSM)
Injecting drug use (IDU)
60 000
MSM / IDU
Heterosexual
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
19771979
1980- 1982- 1984- 1986- 19881981 1983 1985 1987 1990
19911993
19941996
19971999
20002002
20032006
Period
Tick marks denote the beginning and end of a year. The model specified periods within which the number of HIV infections
was assumed to be approximately constant.
Source: Hall et al. (2008a).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 23
Middle East and North Africa
Number of people living with HIV
2008
310 000
[250 000–380 000]
2001
200 000
[150 000–250 000]
2008
Number of new infections
35 000
24 000–46 000
2001
30 000
[23 000–40 000]
Number of children newly infected
2008
4600
[2300–7500]
2001
3800
[1900–6400]
Number of AIDS-related deaths
2008
20 000
[15 000–25 000]
2001
11 000
[7800–14 000]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Middle East and North Africa estimates 1990–2008
Number (thousands)
Number of people living with HIV
Adult (15–49) HIV prevalence (%)
400
0.4
300
0.3
200
%
100
0.1
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
Number of people newly infected with HIV
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Number of adult and child deaths due to AIDS
50
50
40
40
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
0.2
30
20
10
0
30
20
10
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
High and low estimates
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 24
1999
2002
2005
2008
Percentage of condom use as reported by street children, male injecting drug users,
female sex workers and men who have sex with men in Egypt
15
13.0%
12.0%
11.8%
9.2%
10
%
6.8%
5
0
Street boys
Street girls
Male injecting
drug users
At least once in 12 months prior to survey
Source: Shawky et al. (2009).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 25
Female sex
workers
Men who have
sex with men
Last practice
Oceania
Number of people living with HIV
2008
59 000
[51 000–68 000]
2001
36 000
[29 000–45 000]
2008
Number of new infections
3900
2900–5100
2001
5900
[4800–7300]
Number of children newly infected
2008
<500
[<500–<1000]
2001
<500
[<200–<500]
Number of AIDS-related deaths
2008
2000
[1100–3100]
2001
<1000
[<5000–1200]
2009 AIDS epidemic update
Oceania estimates 1990–2008
Number (thousands)
Number of people living with HIV
Adult (15–49) HIV prevalence (%)
80
0.4
60
0.3
40
%
20
0.1
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
Number of people newly infected with HIV
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Number of adult and child deaths due to AIDS
8
8
6
6
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
0.2
4
2
0
4
2
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
High and low estimates
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 26
1999
2002
2005
2008
Proportion of all HIV and AIDS cases in different Pacific island
countries and territories, 1984–2007
New Caledonia 1.2%
French Polynesia 1.1%
Fiji 1.1%
Guam 0.8%
All others 0.8%
Papua New Guinea 95.0%
Sources: The Secretariat of the Pacific Community and the Papua New Guinea Department of Health.
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 27
Annual newly diagnosed HIV infections in Australia,
1999–2008
1200
Number of people
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Source: National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research (2009).
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 28
2006
2007
2008
HIV infections detected in Papua New Guinea, by age,
1987–2006
3000
2500
Male
Female
Sex not Stated
Number
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
Age group
Source: Papua New Guinea National AIDS Council and Department of Health.
2009 AIDS epidemic update Figure 29
45-49 50-54
55-59 Over 60 Unknown