Exploring mathematics: Tier 1 NC levels 2 and 3 (2A, 3C, 3B) Autumn 36 lessons S1.1 Graphs and charts 1 Lists and tables Tally charts and pictograms Bar charts 4 lessons Spring 31 lessons S1.2 Graphs and charts 2 Lists and tables Tally charts and pictograms Bar charts Venn and Carroll diagrams 4/5 lessons N1.3 Multiplying and dividing Multiplication and division Using calculators Simple problems 5 lessons N1.4 Mental calculations Place value ThHTU Mental calculations Simple problems 7/8 lessons G1.3 Measures 1 Length and time 5 lessons N1.6 Money and decimals Using coins and notes Tenths and hundredths Money calculations 4/5 lessons N1.7 Number and measures +ve and -ve numbers Reading scales Adding and subtracting tenths Equivalence of tenths and hundredths Relating decimals to m and cm 4/5 lessons G1.4 Measures 2 Mass, capacity and time 4/5 lessons R1.1 Revision/support Number, geometry and measures, statistics 5 lessons R1.2 Revision/support Number, geometry and measures, statistics 5 lessons N1.9 Solving number problems Money and other word problems Number investigations 5 lessons 100 lessons 1 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) G1.2 Angles and symmetry Right angles Symmetry 4 lessons N1.5 Fractions Simple fractions of shapes and numbers 2/3 lessons Summer 33 lessons S1.3 Graphs and charts 3 Tables Tally charts Bar charts and pictograms Venn and Carroll diagrams 5/6 lessons G1.1 Properties of shapes Properties of shapes 4 lessons A1.1 Patterns and sequences Number patterns Multiplication Simple problems 7 lessons N1.8 Multiplying and dividing 2 Tables to 10 Multiples of 50 and 100 Multiplying and dividing HTU by U Using calculators Simple problems 4/5 lessons G1.5 More properties of shapes 2-D and 3-D shapes Symmetry Position, direction, movement Right angles 5/6 lessons G1.6 Measures 3 Length, mass and capacity Time Perimeter and area of shapes on square grids 5/6 lessons Mathematical processes and applications are integrated into each unit N1.2 Adding and subtracting Place value HTU Addition and subtraction Using calculators Simple problems 9 lessons N1.1 Properties of numbers Consecutive numbers Odd and even numbers Multiples of 2, 5 and 10 3 lessons Units - levels 2a, 3c, 3b SUPPORT Number 1: Properties of numbers (3 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • count on and back in ones, tens and hundreds • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts • recognise multiples of 10 • identify and visualise patterns and relationships • recall addition and subtraction facts for each • calculate accurately number to 10 Place value (36–47) • recognise odd and even numbers. Calculations (88–91, 102–105) Calculator methods (108–109) Solving problems (2–11) Objectives in colour lay the groundwork for Functional Skills at entry level 3. 2 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) CORE • record, explain and compare methods • engage in mathematical discussion of results • begin to generalise and to: • count on and back in ones, fives, tens and hundreds from any number • recognise and extend sequences of consecutive numbers • recognise and use the properties of odd and even numbers • recognise 2- and 3-digit digit multiples of 2, 5 or 10 • use mental methods to add and subtract a multiple of 10 or of 100. Number 2: Adding and subtracting (9 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • read, write, partition, order and round 2-digit • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts whole numbers • recall addition and subtraction facts for each Place value (36–47) Calculations (88–91, 102–105) Calculator methods (108–109) Solving problems (2–11) number to 10 • derive pairs of numbers that total 20 and pairs of multiples of 10 that total 100 (e.g. 30 + 70). • use mental methods to add or subtract a multiple of 10. • represent situations or problems using words, diagrams or calculations • manipulate numbers and apply algorithms • calculate accurately, using mental methods or a calculator as appropriate • use facts to derive or deduce others • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers • record, explain and compare methods • engage in mathematical discussion of results and to: • read, write, partition, order and round 2- and 3-digit whole numbers, and estimate their sums and differences • recognise that addition can be done in any order, but not subtraction • recall addition and subtraction facts for each number to 20 • use mental methods to: – add and subtract a 1-digit number to or from a 2-digit number – identify pairs of numbers with a sum of 100 • develop and use written methods to record, support or explain addition and subtraction of 2-digit and 3-digit numbers • develop calculator skills. 3 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Algebra 1: Patterns and sequences 7 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • count on and back in steps of 1, 10 or 100 • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts • recognise odd and even numbers to 20 • describe or represent situations using words, diagrams or calculations • recall multiplication facts for the 2, 5 and 10 times • identify and visualise patterns and relationships tables • recognise multiples of 2, 5 and 10. Sequences and functions (144–163) • use facts to derive or deduce others • conjecture and begin to generalise • calculate accurately, using mental methods or a calculator as appropriate • record, explain and compare methods • engage in mathematical discussion of results Formulae and identities (112–113) and to: • recognise number sequences formed by counting in steps of constant size Solving problems (32–35) • understand multiplication as repeated addition or as an array • recall multiplication facts for the 2, 5 and 10 times tables, derive facts for the 3 and 4 times tables, and recognise multiples of 2, 3, 4, 5 or 10 • multiply whole numbers by 10 or 100 • use a written method to multiply TU by U, and a calculator to multiply larger numbers • 4 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Number 3: Multiplying and dividing (5 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • represent repeated addition and arrays as • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts multiplication • recall multiplication facts for the 2, 5 and 10 times Place value tables and derive facts for the 3 and 4 times (36–47) tables Calculations (88–91, 102–105) Calculator methods (108–109) Solving problems (2–11) • double and halve 1-digit numbers. • make connections with ideas they have met before • describe or represent situations or problems using words, diagrams or calculations • calculate accurately, using mental methods or a calculator as appropriate • use facts to derive or deduce others • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers • record, explain and compare methods • engage in mathematical discussion of results and to: • understand division as sharing or repeated subtraction (grouping) • recognise the relationship between multiplication and division • recall multiplication tables 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10, and derive the 6 and 8 times tables, and use them to derive division facts • double and halve two-digit numbers • use written methods to multiply TU by U or divide TU by U, and a calculator to multiply or divide larger numbers <make sure unit doesn’t go to HTU by U > • find remainders after division, and round up or down depending on the context 5 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Number 4: Mental calculations (8 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • partition and order 2- and 3-digit whole numbers • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts • recall addition and subtraction facts for each • describe or represent situations or problems using words, diagrams or number to20 calculations Place value • derive facts for the 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10 times tables • calculate accurately (36–47) • derive pairs of numbers that total 100 • use facts to derive or deduce others Calculations • add and subtract: • explain and compare methods (88–91, 102–105) Solving problems – pairs of multiples of 10 • engage in mathematical discussion of results – a 1-digit number to or from a 2-digit number. and to: (2–11) • read, write, partition and order four-digit whole numbers • understand and use relationships between operations • recall addition and subtraction facts for each number to 20 • recall multiplication tables 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10, and derive the 7 and 9 times tables, and use them to derive division facts • use mental methods to: – add several small numbers – find pairs of numbers with a sum of 100 – add or subtract a near multiple of 10 – add and subtract any pair of 2-digit numbers – multiply and divide whole numbers by 10 or 100 (whole number answers) – find remainders after division. Number 5: Fractions (3 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • use fraction notation • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts • find one half and one quarter of shapes and small • make connections with ideas they have met before numbers of objects Fractions, decimals, percentages • recognise that two halves or four quarters make (60–77) one whole and that two quarters and one half are Calculations equivalent (92–101, 110–111) • derive halves of even numbers to 20 Solving problems • read the time to the hour, half hour or quarter hour (28–31) • recognise whole, half and quarter turns. • describe or represent situations or problems using words or diagrams • calculate accurately, using mental methods as appropriate • use facts to derive or deduce others • record, explain and compare methods and to: • identify fractions of shapes, such as 1⁄2, 1⁄3, 1⁄4, …, and simple fractions that are several parts of a whole, such as 2⁄3 or 7⁄10 • recognise simple equivalent fractions by relating them to diagrams • find unit fractions of numbers and quantities • recognise that one quarter is half of one half • find halves of 2-digit odd numbers. 6 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Number 6: Money and decimals (5 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • recall addition and subtraction facts for each • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts number to 20 • make connections with ideas they have met before • recognise coins and notes • calculate accurately, using mental methods or a calculator as appropriate • multiply and divide whole numbers by 10 or 100 • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of (whole number answers) Calculations (82–87, 92–103, 104–107, 110–111) • use mental methods to: – find pairs of numbers that sum to 100 – add and subtract combinations of 1- and 2-digit numbers Calculator methods (108–109) • use written methods to add and subtract whole numbers • use a calculator to solve whole-number problems. Solving problems (28–31) • represent problems using words, diagrams or calculations • use fraction notation the numbers • record, explain and compare methods • engage in mathematical discussion of results and to: • understand and use £.p notation (e.g. recognise that £3.06 is £3 and 6p) • use decimal notation for tenths and hundredths and partition decimals, relating the notation to money • position one-place decimals on a number line • convert £ to p and vice versa • carry out mental calculations involving money • use efficient written methods to add and subtract money • use a calculator for any of the four operations with money, interpreting the display correctly. 7 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Number 7: Number and measures (5 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • recall addition and subtraction facts to 20 • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts • add and subtract 2-digit whole numbers using an • simplify calculations with more than one step empty number line Place value (36–47) Calculations (88–91, 102–105) Calculator methods (108–109) Solving problems (2–11) • understand and use £.p notation, and decimal notation for tenths • use metres, centimetres and millimetres to estimate and measure • understand the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division • use a calculator to add, subtract, multiply or divide. • calculate accurately, using mental methods or a calculator as appropriate • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers • record, explain and compare methods • engage in mathematical discussion of results and to: • order and use positive and negative numbers in a context such as temperature • read simple scales • add and subtract simple decimals using a number line • recognise the equivalence of tenths and hundredths • relate decimal notation to units of length • convert metres to centimetres and centimetres to millimetres, and vice versa • use a calculator for calculations with numbers, money or measures, interpreting the display correctly. 8 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Number 8: Multiplying and dividing 2 (5 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • partition 3-digit whole numbers • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts • recall addition and subtraction facts for each • make connections with ideas they have met before number to 20 • describe or represent problems using numbers, words or diagrams Calculations • add and subtract 2- and 3-digit numbers • calculate accurately, using mental methods or a calculator as appropriate (82–87, 92–103, 104–107, 110–111) • understand multiplication as repeated addition or • use facts to derive or deduce others Calculator methods (108–109) Fractions and percentages as an array • understand division as repeated subtraction of sharing (66–77) • derive multiplication and division facts Solving problems • find a remainder after division. (28–31) • record, explain and compare methods and to: • recall multiplication tables 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10, derive other multiplication facts and use them to derive division facts • multiply and divide whole numbers by 10 or 100 • identify multiples of 50 and 100 • multiply by multiples of 10 or 100 • use written methods to multiply or divide HTU by U, <check in unit if this is too hard and simplify to TU by U if possible> and a calculator to multiply or divide larger numbers • find remainders after division, and round up or down depending on the context. 9 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Number 9: Solving number problems (5 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • count on and back in ones, tens and hundreds • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate • recognise multiples of 10 • recall addition and subtraction facts for each Solving problems (2–35) resources • make connections with ideas they have met before • conjecture and begin to generalise number to 10 • recognise odd and even numbers. • represent problems using diagrams or calculations • identify and visualise patterns and relationships • use facts to derive or deduce others • work systematically • record information in lists and tables • engage in mathematical discussion of results • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers and to: • recall addition and subtraction facts for each number to 20 • recognise and use the properties of odd and even numbers • recognise 2-digit and 3-digit digit multiples of 2, 5 or 10 • recognise number sequences formed by counting in steps of constant size • add and subtract 2-digit and 3-digit numbers. SUPPORT Geometry and measures 1: Properties of shapes (4 hours) In this unit, pupils learn to: • name and describe common 2D and 3D shapes • describe or represent situations or problems using words or diagrams • use mathematical vocabulary to describe position: • identify and visualise patterns and relationships e.g. describe, place, tick, draw or visualise objects Geometrical reasoning: lines, angles and shapes (184–189, 198–201) CORE Before they start, pupils should be able to: in given positions • recognise and use whole, half and quarter turns, both clockwise and anticlockwise, and know that a right angle represents a quarter turn. • use facts to derive or deduce others • draw conclusions and begin to generalise • record, explain and compare results and to: • describe, classify, visualise, draw and make common 2D shapes and 3D solids, referring to simple properties • identify shapes from pictures of them in different positions and orientations • identify right angles in 2D shapes • identify horizontal and vertical lines • describe and find the position of a square on a grid of squares. 10 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Geometry and measures 2: Angles and symmetry (4 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • recognise and use whole, half and quarter turns, • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate both clockwise and anticlockwise, and know that a right angle represents a quarter turn Transformations (202–212) Geometrical reasoning: lines, angles and shapes (178–189) Solving problems (14–17, 32–35) • understand and use words describing direction: up, down, left, right, clockwise • recognise a line of symmetry. resources, including ICT • identify and visualise shapes and patterns • draw accurate diagrams on paper and on screen • use facts to derive or deduce others • draw conclusions and begin to generalise • engage in mathematical discussion of methods and results and to: • draw lines of symmetry and complete symmetrical shapes • draw the reflection of a shape in a mirror line along one side • use the vocabulary of position, direction and movement, including the four compass directions to describe movement about a grid • use a set-square to draw right angles and to identify right angles in 2D shapes • compare angles with a right angle • recognise that a straight line is equivalent to two right angles and a whole turn with four right angles • use ICT to explore symmetry and right angles. 11 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Geometry and measures 3: Measures 1 (5 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • use the vocabulary related to length • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts • read a numbered division on simple scale • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate • use a ruler to draw and measure lines to the resources Calculations nearest centimetre, and a metre stick or • make connections with ideas they have met before (82–87, 92–103, 104–107, measuring tape to measure length, recording • calculate accurately, using mental methods or a calculator as appropriate 110–111) estimates and measurements as ‘3 and a bit Calculator methods metres long’ or ‘about 8 centimetres’. (108–109) • use and begin to read the vocabulary related to Measures time and read clock time to the quarter hour (228–231) Solving problems (28–31) • order the days of the week. • record, explain and compare methods and results • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers and to: • choose and use appropriate metric units to estimate, measure and record length • know the relationships between kilometres and metres, metres and centimetres, centimetres and millimetres, and change metres to centimetres, and centimetres to millimetres • draw and measure lengths to the nearest millimetre using a ruler, and to the nearest centimetre using a metre stick or tape measure numbered in 5s or 10s , • record estimates and measurements in mixed units (e.g. ‘3 m and 20 cm’) <NOTE: no decimals> • read the time on a 12-hour digital clock and to the nearest 5 minutes on an analogue clock • calculate time intervals <NOTE: multiples of 5 minutes and up to 2 hours> and find start or end times for a given time interval. 12 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Geometry and measures 4: Measures 2 (5 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • use the vocabulary related to weight and • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts capacity. • read a numbered division on a simple scale, Calculations recording estimates and measurements as ‘3 and (82–87, 92–103, 104–107, a bit kg’ or ‘about 2 litres’. 110–111) Calculator methods (108–109) Measures (228–231) Solving problems (28–31) • use and begin to read the vocabulary related to time • order the months of the year. • identify and visualise shapes • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate resources • make connections with ideas they have met before • calculate accurately, using mental methods or a calculator as appropriate • record, explain and compare methods and results • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers and to: • choose and use standard metric units and their abbreviations to estimate, measure and record weight and capacity • know the relationships between kilograms and grams, and litres and millilitres • read scales numbered in 2s, 5s, 10s or 100s to the nearest division • record estimates and measurements to the nearest whole or half unit (e.g. ‘about 3.5 litres’), or in mixed units (e.g. ‘3 kg and 200 g’) • use am, pm and 12-hour clock notation <nearest 5 minutes> • calculate time intervals from clocks and simple timetables • know and use the relationships between units of time (second, minute, hour, day, week). 13 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Geometry and measures 5: More properties of shapes (6 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • name common 3D and 2D shapes • identify and visualise shapes, patterns and relationships • sort shapes and describe some of their features, • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate such as the number of sides or faces and corners Mensuration (198–201, 228–231, 234–241) Solving problems (18–21) • make and describe pictures and patterns made from shapes • use a ruler to measure and draw lines to the nearest centimetre. resources, including ICT • draw accurate mathematical diagrams on paper and on screen • engage in mathematical discussion of methods and results • begin to generalise and to: • draw and classify polygons by identifying their properties, including their line symmetry • visualise 3D objects from 2D drawings • make 2D and 3D shapes and patterns <e.g. explore the different shapes that can be made from four cubes> • recognise horizontal and vertical lines • use the eight compass points to describe direction • describe and identify the position of a square on a grid of squares • recognise that angles are measured in degrees and that one whole turn is 360° or four right angles, and order a set of angles less than two right angles or 180°. 14 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Geometry and measures 6: Measures 3 (6 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • use the vocabulary related to length, weight and • solve problems in mathematics and in practical contexts capacity • read a simple scale to the nearest numbered Calculations division, recording estimates and measurements (82–87, 92–103, 104–107, as ‘3 and a bit metres long’ or ‘about 5 litres 110–111) Calculator methods (108–109) Measures (228–231) Solving problems (28–31) • use a ruler to draw and measure lines to the nearest centimetre, • identify and visualise shapes • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate resources • make connections with ideas they have met before • calculate accurately, using mental methods or a calculator as appropriate • record, explain and compare methods and results • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers and to: • choose and use standard metric units and their abbreviations when estimating, measuring and recording length, weight and capacity • know the meaning of ‘kilo’, ‘centi’ and ‘milli’ and, where appropriate, use decimal notation to record measurements (e.g. 1.3 m or 0.6 kg) • use imperial units in everyday situations <this might need to be added to unit> • read partly numbered scales, recording readings where appropriate to the nearest tenth of a unit • draw squares, rectangles and rectilinear shapes on centimetre square grids, measure their perimeters and find their areas by counting squares • read time to the nearest minute and use am, pm and 12-hour clock notation • calculate time intervals from clocks, timetables and a calendar. 15 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) SUPPORT Handling data 1: Graphs and charts 1 (4 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • sort, classify and organise information in simple • conjecture and begin to generalise ways, such as in: – a list or simple table Handling data – a pictogram (248–255, 262–265, 268–271) – a block graph Solving problems (24–25) CORE • discuss and explain results. • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate resources, including ICT • draw accurate diagrams and graphs on paper and on screen • engage in mathematical discussion of results • identify patterns and relationships in data • draw conclusions and begin to generalise • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers • record results and conclusions and to: • collect, organise, represent and interpret data in: – lists and simple tables – tally charts – bar charts (dependent axis labelled in 1s, 2s or 5s) – pictograms (symbol representing 1 or 2 units). 16 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Handling data 2: Graphs and charts 2 (5 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • sort, classify and organise information in simple • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate ways, such as in: resources – a list or simple table • conjecture and begin to generalise Handling data – a pictogram • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate (248–255, 262–265, 268–271) – a block graph Solving problems (24–25) • discuss and explain results. resources, including ICT • draw accurate diagrams and graphs on paper and on screen • engage in mathematical discussion of results • identify patterns and relationships in data • draw conclusions and begin to generalise • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers • record results and conclusions and to: • collect, organise, represent and interpret data in: – simple tables, including frequency tables – tally charts – bar charts (dependent axis labelled in 5s, 10s or 100s) – pictograms (symbol representing 2 units) – Venn and Carroll diagrams (one or two criteria). 17 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Handling data 3: Graphs and charts 3 (6 hours) Before they start, pupils should be able to: In this unit, pupils learn to: • sort, classify and organise information in simple • conjecture and begin to generalise ways, such as in: – a list or simple table Handling data – a pictogram (248–255, 262–265, 268–271) – a block graph Solving problems (24–25) • discuss and explain results. • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate resources, including ICT • draw accurate diagrams and graphs on paper and on screen • engage in mathematical discussion of results • identify patterns and relationships in data • draw conclusions and begin to generalise • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers • record results and conclusions and to: • collect, organise, represent and interpret data in: – lists and tables, including frequency tables – tally charts – bar charts (dependent axis labelled in 2s, 4s, 5s, 10s or 100s) – pictograms (symbol representing 2, 3 or 4 units) – Venn and Carroll diagrams ( two criteria). 18 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua) Revision units 1 and 2 Previous learning Objectives based on National Curriculum levels 3 and 4 (mainly level 4) Pupils should already be able to apply and use In this unit, pupils consolidate their ability to: many of the skills shown on the right. This unit • develop and apply own ideas and strategies, choosing appropriate resources offers an opportunity to consolidate and refine these skills. • make connections with ideas they have met before • simplify calculations with more than one step • manipulate numbers and apply algorithms • calculate accurately, using mental methods or mental methods or a calculator as appropriate • draw accurate diagrams and graphs • engage in mathematical discussion of results and learn from mistakes • check that results are reasonable by considering the context or the size of the numbers • record methods, solutions and conclusions and to: Number and measures • as in unit Algebra • as in unit Geometry and measures • as in unit Statistics • as in unit 19 | Exploring mathematics | Tier 1 (aqua)